Einfluss der Hypothermie und der ischämischen Remote-Präkonditionierung auf neurokognitive Funktionen in der frühen und späten postoperativen Phase bei herzchirurgischen Patienten: Eine prospektiv randomisierte kontrollierte Studie

Einfluss der Temperatur der Hypothermie auf das Auftreten einer postoperativen kognitiven Dysfunktion sowie Einfluss der ischämischen Fern-Präkonditionierung bei milder Hypothermie im Vergleich zur tiefen Hypothermi

Phase-dependent light propagation in atomic vapors

Light propagation in an atomic medium whose coupled electronic levels form a diamond-configuration exhibits a critical dependence on the input conditions. In particular, the relative phase of the input fields gives rise to interference phenomena in the electronic excitation whose interplay with relaxation processes determines the stationary state. We integrate numerically the Maxwell-Bloch equations and observe two metastable behaviors for the relative phase of the propagating fields corresponding to two possible interference phenomena. These phenomena are associated to separate types of response along propagation, minimize dissipation, and are due to atomic coherence. These behaviors could be studied in gases of isotopes of alkali-earth atoms with zero nuclear spin, and offer new perspectives in control techniques in quantum electronics.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, v2: typos corrected, v3: final version, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Оценка и анализ организационной культуры фирмы ПАО АКБ «Связь-Банк»

Выпускная квалификационная работа: страниц – 95, таблиц - 5, рисунки – 12, источники – 54. Ключевые слова: организационная культура, мотивация, коллектив, корпоративная культура, стратегия. Объектом исследования является организационная культура компании. Цель исследования дипломной работы – проанализировать действующую организационную культуру банка и выявить отрицательные стороны в механизме ее функционирования, а также предложить внести изменения, для более эффективной работы персонала и банка в целом. Степень внедрения - результаты работы предлагается использовать при разработке и совершенствовании организационной культуры компании ТФ ПАО АКБ «Связь-Банк» Область применения - основные положения и выводы, содержащиеся в дипломной работе, могут быть использованы при разработке системы оFinal qualifying work: pages - 95 tables - 5, figures - 12 sources - 54. Keywords: organizational culture, motivation, team, corporate culture, strategy. The object of research is the organizational culture of the company. The purpose of the research thesis - analyze the current organizational culture of the bank and to identify the negative aspects in the mechanism of its functioning, and suggest modifications for more efficient work of the personnel of the bank as a whole. The degree of implementation - the results of the proposed use at the company developing and improving organizational culture TP PJSC JSCB "Svyaz-Bank" Scope - the main provisions and conclusions contained in the research paper can be used in the development of organizational culture of the system in any company focu

Sustainability of the Built Environment [Written Evidence - SBE0060]

The following evidence gathered is of particular relevance to strategic pathway planning towards a decarbonised society where focus is placed on the design of environments rather than the design of buildings only. Building buildings is only one tool within a toolkit capable of improving and enhancing environments. The call for evidence suggests a narrow focus driven by potentially one-dimensional sustainable outcomes such as need for adaptation measures to building with little or no consideration for alternatives to building. Greater focus is needed on evidence that supports alternatives to building; new methods and new measures that account for social and cultural dimensions in evaluating sustainability in the built environment, and the embracing of multiplicity and diversity that allows for reskilling and knowledge-sharing in a meaningful way

Altered sensorimotor processing in irritable bowel syndrome: Evidence for a transdiagnostic pathomechanism in functional somatic disorders

OBJECTIVE A recent hypothesis suggests that functional somatic symptoms are due to altered information processing in the brain, with rigid expectations biasing sensorimotor signal processing. First experimental results confirmed such altered processing within the affected symptom modality, e.g., deficient eye-head coordination in patients with functional dizziness. Studies in patients with functional somatic symptoms looking at general, trans-symptomatic processing deficits are sparse. Here, we investigate sensorimotor processing during eye-head gaze shifts in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to test whether processing deficits exist across symptom modalities. METHODS Study participants were seven patients suffering from IBS and seven age- and gender-matched healthy controls who performed large gaze shifts toward visual targets. Participants performed combined eye-head gaze shifts in the natural condition and with experimentally increased head moment of inertia. Head oscillations as a marker for sensorimotor processing deficits were assessed. Bayes statistics was used to assess evidence for the presence or absence of processing differences between IBS patients and healthy controls. RESULTS With the head moment of inertia increased, IBS patients displayed more pronounced head oscillations than healthy controls (Bayes Factor $_{10}$ = 56.4, corresponding to strong evidence). CONCLUSION Patients with IBS show sensorimotor processing deficits, reflected by increased head oscillations during large gaze shifts to visual targets. In particular, patients with IBS have difficulties to adapt to the context of altered head moment of inertia. Our results suggest general transdiagnostic processing deficits in functional somatic disorders

Experimental and numerical investigations of the development of residual stresses in thermo-mechanically processed Cr-alloyed steel 1.3505

Residual stresses in components are a central issue in almost every manufacturing process, as they influence the performance of the final part. Regarding hot forming processes, there is a great potential for defining a targeted residual stress state, as many adjustment parameters, such as deformation state or temperature profile, are available that influence residual stresses. To ensure appropriate numerical modeling of residual stresses in hot forming processes, comprehensive material characterization and suitable multiscale Finite Element (FE) simulations are required. In this paper, experimental and numerical investigations of thermo-mechanically processed steel alloy 1.3505 (DIN 100Cr6) are presented that serve as a basis for further optimization of numerically modeled residual stresses. For this purpose, cylindrical upsetting tests at high temperature with subsequently cooling of the parts in the media air or water are carried out. Additionally, the process is simulated on the macroscale and compared to the results based on the experimental investigations. Therefore, the experimentally processed specimens are examined regarding the resulting microstructure, distortions, and residual stresses. For the investigation on a smaller scale, a numerical model is set up based on the state-data of the macroscopic simulation and experiments, simulating the transformation of the microstructure using phase-field theory and FE analysis on micro- and meso-scopic level

Numerische Prozessauslegung zur gezielten Eigenspannungseinstellung in warmmassivumgeformten Bauteilen unter Berücksichtigung von Makro- und Mikroskala

The aim of this work is the adjustment of an advantageous compressive residual stress profile in hot-formed components by intelligent process control with tailored cooling from the forging heat. The feasibility and potential are demonstrated in a hot forming process in which cylindrical specimen with an eccentric hole are formed at 1000 °C and subsequently cooled in water from the forging heat. Previous work shows that tensile residual stresses occur in the specimen formed in this way from the material 1.3505. Using the presented multi-scale FE models, an alternative process variant is analysed in this work, where advantageous compressive residual stresses can be generated instead of tensile residual stresses through tailored cooling from the forming heat in the specimen. The tailored cooling is achieved by partially exposing the specimen to a water-air spray. In this way, the local plastification can be influenced by inhomogeneous strains due to thermal and transformation-induced effects in order to customise the resulting residual stress distribution. The scientific challenge of this work is to generate different residual stresses in the surface of the specimen without changing the geometrical and microstructural properties. It is demonstrated that influencing the residual stresses and even reversing the stress sign is possible using smart process control during cooling.Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Einstellung eines vorteilhaften Druckeigenspannungsprofils in warmumgeformten Bauteilen durch intelligente Prozessführung mit angepasster Abkühlung aus der Schmiedewärme. Die Machbarkeit und das Potenzial werden an einem Warmumformprozess, bei dem zylindrische Proben mit exzentrischer Bohrung bei 1000 °C umgeformt und anschließend aus der Schmiedewärme im Wasser abgekühlt werden, aufgezeigt. Vorige Arbeiten zeigen, dass sich Zugeigenspannungen in den derartig umgeformten Proben aus dem Material 1.3505 einstellen. Mittels der vorgestellten mehrskaligen FE-Modelle, wird in dieser Arbeit eine alternative Prozessvariante analysiert, mit der vorteilhafte Druckeigenspannungen anstelle von Zugeigenspannungen durch eine angepasste Abkühlung aus der Umformwärme in den Proben erzeugt werden können. Die angepasste Kühlung wird durch eine partielle Beaufschlagung der Proben mit einem Wasser-Luft-Spray erreicht. Auf diese Weise kann die lokale Plastifizierung durch inhomogene Verzerrungen aufgrund thermischer und umwandlungsinduzierter Effekte beeinflusst werden, um letztlich das Eigenspannungsprofil individuell zu gestalten. Die wissenschaftliche Herausforderung dieser Arbeit besteht darin, unterschiedliche Eigenspannungen in der Oberfläche der Proben zu erzeugen, während die geometrischen und mikrostrukturellen Eigenschaften gleichbleiben. Es wird nachgewiesen, dass eine Beeinflussung der Eigenspannungen und sogar die Umkehr des Spannungsvorzeichens allein durch eine geschickte Prozessführung beim Abkühlen möglich ist

Gammaretrovirus-mediated correction of SCID-X1 is associated with skewed vector integration site distribution in vivo

We treated 10 children with X-linked SCID (SCID-X1) using gammaretrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Those with sufficient follow-up were found to have recovered substantial immunity in the absence of any serious adverse events up to 5 years after treatment. To determine the influence of vector integration on lymphoid reconstitution, we compared retroviral integration sites (RISs) from peripheral blood CD3(+) T lymphocytes of 5 patients taken between 9 and 30 months after transplantation with transduced CD34(+) progenitor cells derived from 1 further patient and I healthy donor. Integration occurred preferentially in gene regions on either side of transcription start sites, was clustered, and correlated with the expression level in CD34(+) progenitors during transduction. In contrast to those in CD34(+) cells, RISs recovered from engrafted CD3(+)T cells were significantly overrepresented within or near genes encoding proteins with kinase or transferase activity or involved in phosphorus metabolism. Although gross patterns of gene expression were unchanged in transduced cells, the divergence of RIS target frequency between transduced progenitor cells and post-thymic T lymphocytes indicates that vector integration influences cell survival, engraftment, or proliferation

Substance P Saliva Reduction Predicts Pharyngeal Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease

Introduction: Although patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often suffer from oropharyngeal dysphagia, knowledge about the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is limited. Substance P (SP) is a localization-independent neurotransmitter of the entire nervous system. Reduced levels of SP were found in saliva of patients with impaired cough reflex and in advanced stages of PD. The aim of the study was to investigate SP in PD patients in order to gain further insights into the underlying pathophysiology of PD-related dysphagia and to evaluate the potential of SP as a biomarker for early dysphagia.Methods: Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) was used to objectively assess pharyngeal swallowing function. From a cohort of 105 consecutive PD patients 20 subjects were recruited: in 10 of them pharyngeal dysphagia was excluded by FEES, the other 10 subjects showed signs of early pharyngeal dysphagia defined as hypopharyngeal sensory deficit with mild to moderate vallecular residues after swallowing solid consistencies. Analysis of the Substance P level in saliva of the 20 included PD patients was performed in the clinical on state condition by ELISA-type immunoassay. Significant differences were calculated by using the Mann-Whitney test.Results: Twenty PD patients with a mean age of 69.5 ± 12.5 years (8 female) were included in the study. No significant differences were found regarding gender, age, UPDRS III, Hoehn and Yahr stage, disease duration, and Levodopa equivalent dose between the non-dysphagic and dysphagic subjects. Dysphagia was mainly characterized by unrecognized residues in the valleculae without any aspiration risk for all of the tested consistencies in FEES and was thereby scored as mild in all cases. Saliva SP concentrations were significantly lower in PD patients with pharyngeal dysphagia compared to those with a normal pharyngeal swallowing function (9,644 vs. 17,591 pg/mL; p = 0.001).Conclusion: Reduced saliva SP concentrations may predict early pharyngeal swallowing dysfunction in PD patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that an impaired SP mediated neurotransmission has a significant impact for the development of dysphagia in PD patients. Larger studies are needed to confirm SP as a clinical useful biomarker for early detection of PD-related dysphagia

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