Factors that pre-determine the main subtypes of ischemic stroke in middle-aged and senior women

Introduction. Brain health and active longevity are affected by a number of stroke risk factors. We should identify their relative impact on the main subtypes of ischemic stroke (IS) in middle-aged and senior women to consider prevention and management strategies. Objective. To assess prevalence of isolated and combined factors that may contribute with a high probability to development of the various IS subtypes in women aged 4574 years. Materials and methods. The study included 348 female patients aged 4574 years including 145 inpatients with carotid IS (main group) from Neurology Department 2, the Research Center of Neurology, and 203 women with cognitive disorders due to the chronic cerebral ischemia (controls). To assess the impact of various risk factors on the main IS subtypes, we generated multivariate predictive models using logistic regression and the Wald test. Results. Predictive modeling of atherothrombotic IS demonstrated that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases IS risk by over 5 times (odds ratio [OR] = 5.961; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10232.257; р = 0.038); internal carotid artery stenosis, by 7 times (OR = 7.187; 95% CI 1.82728.273; р = 0.005); history of transient ischemic attacks (TIA), by 61 times (OR = 61.442; 95% CI 7.673491.998; р 0.001); excessive alcohol intake, by 49 times (OR = 49,382; 95% CI 4.557535.121; р = 0.001); and HTN severity, by 4 times (OR = 4.445; 95% CI 2.3318.476; р 0.001). Predictive modeling of cardioembolic IS demonstrated that post-infarction cardiosclerosis increases IS risk by over 118 times (OR = 118.025; 95% CI 5.2102673.796; р = 0.003), atrial fibrillation, by 108 times (OR = 108.493; 95% CI 24.312484.159; р 0.001), history of TIA, by over 71 times (OR = 71.558; 95% CI 7.945644.535; р 0.001); and HTN severity, by over 3 times (OR = 3.957; 95% CI 2.0697.566; р 0.001). Predictive modeling of lacunar IS demonstrated that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases IS risk by 8 times (OR = 8.324; 95% CI 1.92336.041; р = 0.005), history of IS, by over 8 times (OR = 8.99; 95% CI 1.77245.598; р = 0.008); and HTN severity, by 7 times (OR = 7.139; 95% CI 3.49114.599; р 0.001). Conclusion. We identified a number of risk factors that may contribute to the development of the main IS subtypes in middle-aged and senior women

Features of Galicia Sports Press Functioning in 1920s — 1930s

The results of the typological analysis of the Galician sports press of the 1920s—1930s are presented. The quantitative growth of sports publications in Galicia during the analyzed period is noted, despite the fact that the region is under Polish hegemony, and the role of the regional sports press as a catalyst of national consciousness is emphasized. The sociopolitical conditions for the development of sports periodicals and general trends in the program policy of Galician sports publications have been determined. The novelty of the research is seen in the identification of the characteristic regional dominants of the sports periodicals in Galicia through the implementation of content analysis of Galician publications and a comparative analysis of sports journalism in Galicia and the Ukrainian SSR of the 1920s—1930s. The author’s development of the periodization of the sports press of Galicia of the indicated era based on the unification of sociopolitical, typological, problem-thematic, genre features of publications in a certain chronological period is presented, constitutional dominants of each period are indicated. Particular attention is paid to the review and content analysis of the most representative media of each period of the sports press of Galicia in the 1920s and 1930s, where the units of scientific observation were the goals and objectives of the publications, the composition of the editorial boards, the genre and problem-thematic ranges of materials. An overview analysis of the conditions of development, the characteristics of content, structure, genre-thematic palette, authorship of the sports media of Galicia in the context of sports journalism of Ukraine in the first half of the twentieth century is presented in conclusion

Single electron tunneling through high-Q single-wall carbon nanotube NEMS resonators

By first lithographically fabricating contact electrodes and then as last step growing carbon nanotubes with chemical vapour deposition across the ready-made chip, many potential contamination mechanisms for nanotube devices can be avoided. Combining this with pre-defined trenches on the chip, such that the nanotubes are freely suspended above the substrate, enables the formation of highly regular electronic systems. We show that, in addition, such suspended ultra-clean nanotubes provide excellent high-frequency and low-dissipation mechanical resonators. The motion detection mechanism of our experiment is discussed, and we measure the effect of Coulomb blockade and the back-action of single electron tunneling on the mechanical motion. In addition data on the mechanical higher modes is presented.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

System modules for thermal insulation of residential facilities in the Arctic

About a fifth of the territory of Russia is located in the Arctic, there resides about 1,5 million people and is located about 30 large and medium cities. Another significant factor is the concentration of the territories north of the 67th parallel and mastered a large number of promising deposits of minerals: oil and gas among them. In connection c mining and processing of natural resources necessary to develop construction technologies at extremely low natural temperatures and permafrost

RUSSIAN ENGINEERING TEACHERS AS AN IMPORTANT PART OF IGIP

The paper highlights the milestones of the history of the International Society for Engineering Pedagogy (IGIP) from 1972 until now. Professor A. Melezinek was a founder of the society; he developed its structure that survived to the present time. Now his pedagogical ideas are being developed and revised to reflect the changes in the goals and contents of engineering education, new methods, means of training and control, modern communication capabilities. Global challenges, problems of sustainable development and construction of the so-called “Resilient Society” were the main topics of the last Annual IGIP conferences. Globalization has led to the organization of the International Federation of Engineering Education Societies (IFEES). IGIP was one of its founders in 2006. We discuss different aspects of cooperation between Russian technical universities and IGIP, which began in 1995. Regional IGIP conferences and round tables are one of the aspects of such cooperation. The importance of this interaction for the Russian scientific school of engineering education is emphasized

CLINICAL EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ADEMETIONINE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES-ASSOCIATED OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CROSS-OVER PILOT STUDY

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of most common rheumatic diseases, and currently there is no effective pharmacological treatment of OA. It has been suggested that lack of effective treatment is, in part, due to the disease heterogeneity which may lead to development of several OA subtypes (phenotypes). Diabetes-associated OA is among the proposed OA phenotypes. The key mechanism involved into inflammatory and degenerative changes in OA is a decrease in DNA methylation suggested for several cell types, that was also demonstrated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, pharmacological increase of DNA methylation may be an effective treatment strategy which may exert pleiotropic effects in diabetes-associated OA. In a randomized crossover study, we have evaluated efficacy and safety of ademetionine, a methyl group donor, in comparison with chondroitine sulfate in patients with OA associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were randomly assigned to sequential treatment of chondroitine sulfate/ademetionine or ademetionine/chondroitine sulfate during one month, with a washout period of 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was pain measured according to visual analogue scale (VAS). Painful symptoms, as well as function and disease signs in knee, hip and hand joints were also assessed with KOOS, WOMAC, and FIHOA scales. General performance was assessed with SF–36 scale. To evaluate systemic inflammation, we measured serum IL-6, IL-18, adiponectin, and CRP using ELISA technique. Concentrations of serum cartilage destruction biomarkers (aggrecan and antibodies to collagen type II) were assessed by ELISA. Serum lipid levels were measured with standard method; glycated hemoglobin was assessed with liquid chromatography. Ten patients (all women, age 61.7-74.2 year with BMI of 1.1-38.4 kg/m2) were included in the study. It has been demonstrated that ademetionine showed a statistically significant analgetic effect (decrease in VAS pain), improved knee function and reduced symptoms in knee joints (as measured by KOOS subscales), and did not influence the levels of systemic inflammation or cartilage destruction biomarkers. There was also no change in lipid levels and glycated hemoglobin concentrations. Ademetionine was well tolerated, no serious adverse events occurred during the treatment. In conclusion, ademetionine does not have pleiotropic pharmacological effects in diabetes-associated OA. Its potential application in cases of different comorbidities requires further studies

Особенности личностных характеристик реципиентов после трансплантации сердца

Objective: to assess the personal psychological profile of heart transplant recipients as the first stage in the development of post-transplant personalized rehabilitation programs. Materials and methods. From January 2010 to July 2019, 129 HTs were performed (mean age 46.6 ± 14.1 years; 74% (n = 95) were men, 26% (n = 34) were women). All patients in the heart transplant waiting list were examined by a clinical psychologist and a psychotherapist to exclude contraindications to transplant surgery. To assess personal traits, we used the standard multifactorial questionnaire by Cattell R., 16 PF (version A), which included 187 questions. Heart transplantation and absence of post-transplant severe cognitive impairments were the selection criteria for this study. Patients were surveyed before they were discharged from the hospital – 30–60 days following HT: during the period of complete recovery after surgery. In the present study, a retrospective assessment of the results was performed in 107 patients (n = 76 – men; n = 31 – women). Results. Analysis of the personality portrait revealed that over half of recipients were reserved, distant (factor A – schizothymia) and restrained (factor F – restraint; F2 – introvert; F4 – conforming) with lower mental capacity (factor B), and were shy, timid (factor H), with low super ego (factor G: irresponsible, tolerates disorder, flexible, open to change). Our results showed that 47% of patients (n = 18 out of 38 patients, n = 22 are pensioners) with a weak degree of factor C (reactive, affected by feelings) are workers to 42% (n = 29 out of 69, n = 28 – retirees) with a strong degree of the same factor. One year after HT, the number of physically active patients was higher among those with low anxiety compared with high anxiety (41% (18 of 44) and 32% (20 of 63), respectively, p = 0.41). Conclusion. Personality factors are non-modifiable characteristics of patients. They affect human behavior, return to work and to social life, as well as physical and psychological recovery from HT. Knowing the personal traits of recipients would allow to develop a personalized approach to their rehabilitation and a technique for timely examination after HT.Цель. Исследовать личностный психологический портрет пациентов после трансплантации сердца (ТС) в качестве первого этапа разработки персонифицированных программ реабилитации после пересадки сердца. Материалы и методы. С января 2010-го по июль 2019 г. было выполнено 129 ТС (средний возраст – 46,6 ± 14,1 года; 74% (n = 95) – мужчины, 26% (n = 34) – женщины). Одним из пунктов обследования в ЛОТС была консультация клинического психолога и врача-психотерапевта для исключения противопоказаний к операции. Для оценки личностных характеристик мы использовали стандартный многофакторный опросник Р. Кеттелла 16 PF (версия А), включающий в себя 187 вопросов. Критериями отбора в данное исследование были выполненная ТС и отсутствие тяжелых когнитивных нарушений, развившихся в посттрансплантационном периоде. Анкетирование пациентов проводили перед их выпиской из стационара – через 30–60 дней после ТС: в период полного восстановления после операции. В настоящем исследовании была выполнена ретроспективная оценка результатов у 107 пациентов (76 мужчин, 31 женщина). Результаты. При анализе личностного портрета выявлено, что более половины реципиентов были скрытными, недоверчивыми (фактор А – шизотимия) и сдержанными (фактор F – сдержанность; F2 – интроверт; F4 – конформность) с низким интеллектом (фактор В), нерешительными (фактор H – тректия), с низким суперэго (фактор G: безответственный, неорганизованный, непостоянный, переменчивый). По нашим результатам, 47% больных (18 пациентов из 38; 22 – пенсионеры) со слабой степенью развития фактора С («Слабость Я») работают по сравнению с 42% (29 из 69; 28 – пенсионеры) с сильной степенью фактора. Через 1 год после ТС количество физически активных пациентов было больше среди отличающихся низкой тревожностью по сравнению с высоко тревожными (41% (18 из 44) и 32% (20 из 63) соответственно, p = 0,41). Заключение. Личностные характеристики – это немодифицируемые черты больных, которые влияют на их поведение, возвращение к работе и социальной жизни, а также их физическое и психологическое восстановление после ТС. Знание личностных особенностей реципиентов позволит разрабатывать персонифицированный подход к их реабилитации и алгоритм своевременного обследования после ТС

Ботулотоксин типа А (диспорт) в лечении хронических форм первичной головной боли

The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of BTA on the cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic daily headache. The analysis of Doppler ultrasonography and transcranial Dopplergraphy findings has shown the following: after the treatment 34% of the patients had no extravasal effect and in 66% of the patients it became moderate and after the treatment normal venous outflow was found in 58% of the patients . The results of the pilot study demonstrate the effect of BT-A injection on the cerebral blood flow by means of optimizing both the arterial blood flow and the venous outflow from the cavity of the skull.Для терапии хронической ежедневной головной боли (ХЕГБ) использовали препарат диспорт. После лечения у 34% пациентов экстравазальное влияние не выявлялось, а у 66% оно стало умеренным. После лечения отмечена нормализация венозного оттока у 58% пациентов, из которых только у 10% изменения сохранили свою выраженность. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют об улучшении показателей церебрального кровотока больных с ХЕГБ на фоне инъекций ботулотоксина типа А

Influence of characteristics of epicardial adipose tissue and myocardial sympathetic innervation on the development of late recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation

Aim. To investigate the relationship between radiological characteristics of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and myocardial sympathetic activity, as well as to study their association with late recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).Material and methods. This prospective study included 26 people with persistent and long-standing persistent AF scheduled for interventional AF treatment. Before the RFA procedure, all patients underwent cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphy to assess the myocardial sympathetic innervation and contrast-enhanced cardiac multislice computed tomography to assess pulmonary vein anatomy, left atrial volume, and EAT volume. Clinical follow-up, including 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and 24-hour ECG monitoring, was carried out 3, 6 and 12 months after RFA.Results. After the end of follow-up, the patients were divided into two groups: with AF recurrence (group 1, n=8) and without AF recurrence (group 2, n=18). Multivariate logistic analysis found that only the 123I-MIBG washout rate (odds ratio, 1,0943; 95% confidence interval, 1,0138-1,1812) proved to be an independent predictor of late AF recurrence after RFA. ROC analysis revealed that a 123I-MIBG washout rate >21% with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 83,3% (AUC=0,844; p<0,001) predicts late AF recurrence after RFA.Conclusion. Parameters of myocardial sympathetic activity, assessed by 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy, are associated with late AF recurrence after RFA in patients with persistent and long-standing persistent AF. There were no reliable data confirming associations between myocardial sympathetic innervation and radiological EAT indicators, as well as the effect of the latter on the risk of AF recurrence after RFA