Constituents from the Polar Extract of <i>Pisolithus arhizus</i> and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity

The phytochemical study of the Pisolithus arhizus fruiting body methanol extract led to the isolation of six new triterpenoids (1–6) and one new naphthalenoid pulvinic acid derivative (7), together with five known compounds, including norbadione A (8). Their structure was established from 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HRESIMS analyses. The absolute configuration of the triterpenoids was determined by circular dichroism. The two pulvinic acid derivatives 7 and 8, showing the highest activity in modulating IL-6 secretion, were tested for their effect on COX-2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 proteins; both compounds were able to downregulate p-STAT3

Escritura pública de declaración de [...] de localidades, [...] de esta y del Convenio con los accionistas otorgada por la Comisión Directiva del Teatre del Liceo y reglamento de mismo ante Francisco Javier Moreu, notario, 31 de marzo de 1851

A new triterpenoid, urmiensolide (<b>1</b>), was isolated from <i>Salvia urmiensis</i>. The structure was elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and X-ray crystallographic analyses. The absolute configuration was established by comparison of experimental and simulated ECD spectra. Urmiensolide is the first pentacyclic triterpenoid bearing a ε-lactone E-ring. The compound showed in vitro antitrypanosoal activity with an IC₅₀ value of 5.6 μM against the <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> STIB 900 strain and a selectivity index of 33. A possible biosynthetic pathway of <b>1</b> from α-amyrin is proposed

Chemical Composition of the Bark of <i>Tetrapterys mucronata</i> and Identification of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Constituents

The secondary metabolite content of <i>Tetrapterys mucronata</i>, a poorly studied plant that is used occasionally in Brazil for the preparation of a psychotropic plant decoction called “Ayahuasca”, was determined to establish its chemical composition and to search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. The ethanolic extract of the bark of <i>T. mucronata</i> exhibited in vitro AChE inhibition in a TLC bioautography assay. To localize the active compounds, biological profiling for AChE inhibition was performed using at-line HPLC-microfractionation in 96-well plates and subsequent AChE inhibition bioautography. The analytical HPLC-PDA conditions were transferred geometrically to a preparative medium-pressure liquid chromatography column using chromatographic calculations for the efficient isolation of the active compounds at the milligram scale. Twenty-two compounds were isolated, of which six are new natural products. The structures of the new compounds (<b>9</b>, <b>10</b>, <b>16</b>–<b>18</b>, and <b>20</b>) were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>5</b>, <b>6</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>10</b> inhibited AChE with IC₅₀ values below 15 μM

NF-κB and Angiogenesis Inhibitors from the Aerial Parts of <i>Chresta martii</i>

The ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts of <i>Chresta martii</i> showed significant in vitro NF-κB inhibition. Bioactivity-guided isolation was undertaken using HPLC microfractionation to localize the active compounds. Different zones of the HPLC chromatogram were linked to NF-κB inhibition. In parallel to this HPLC-based activity profiling, HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and UHPLC-TOF-HRMS were used for the early identification of some of the compounds present in the extract and to get a complete phytochemical overview. The isolation of the compounds was performed by high-speed counter-current chromatography and further semipreparative HPLC. Using this approach, 14 compounds were isolated, two of them being new sesquiterpene lactones. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including UV, ECD, NMR, and HRMS. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity of NF-κB and angiogenesis, and compound <b>2</b> showed promising NF-κB inhibition activity with an IC₅₀ of 0.7 μM. The isolated compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>5</b>, <b>7</b>, and <b>8</b> caused a significant reduction in angiogenesis when evaluated by an original 3D in vitro angiogenesis assay