Aspectos ecofisiológicos na condução da videira e sua influência na produtividade do vinhedo e na qualidade dos vinhos.

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Cultivo protegido de videiras.

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Towards sustainability in European agricultural firms

European agricultural activity plays an important role in European and world food security through the agricultural production, supply and international trade. The main aim of this paper was analyses the agricultural sustainability of the twenty-nine Member States of the European Union in terms of economics, environmental, social and political activity. Information and data comes from FADN database from the European Commission. The methodology includes the min-max approach and multivariate methods, namely, Component Principal Analysis and Cluster analysis. The results confirm three groups of European countries, namely, the North and Central countries; the New Member States and the Mediterranean counties. The results also confirm that European agriculture firms and respective countries had a medium sustainability. The main conclusion highlines confirms the importance of the sustainability as a tool to better adjust agricultural policies among the European Member States.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Experimental analysis of lateral impact on planar brittle material: spatial properties of the cracks

The breakup of glass and alumina plates due to planar impacts on one of their lateral sides is studied. Particular attention is given to investigating the spatial location of the cracks within the plates. Analysis based on a phenomenological model suggests that bifurcations along the cracks' paths are more likely to take place closer to the impact region than far away from it, i. e., the bifurcation probability seems to lower as the perpendicular distance from the impacted lateral in- creases. It is also found that many observables are not sensitive to the plate material used in this work, as long as the fragment multiplicities corresponding to the fragmentation of the plates are similar. This gives support to the universal properties of the fragmentation process reported in for- mer experiments. However, even under the just mentioned circumstances, some spatial observables are capable of distinguishing the material of which the plates are made and, therefore, it suggests that this universality should be carefully investigated

Conservation of Orbital Angular Momentum in Stimulated Down-Conversion

We report on an experiment demonstrating the conservation of orbital angular momentum in stimulated down-conversion. The orbital angular momentum is not transferred to the individual beams of the spontaneous down-conversion, but it is conserved when twin photons are taken individually. We observe the conservation law for an individual beam of the down-conversion through cavity-free stimulated emission.Comment: Submitted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let

Fruteiras de clima temperado em cultivo protegido: desafios e perspectivas em videira e macieira.

o cultivo de fruteiras de clima temperado, tais como videira e macieiras, se concentram nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná. No Rio Grande do Sul, a Encosta Superior da Serra do Nordeste (Serra Gaúcha) corresponde à principal região vitícola do estado e do Brasil. Nesta região e em conjunto com regiões adjancentes de Santa Catarina, como a região serrana catarinense (principalmente o município de São Joaquim), também se concentram áreas que contribuem com um grande volume na produção nacional de maçã. Estas regiões, apesar de serem consideradas climaticamente viável ao cultivo de videiras (Westphalen & Maluf, 2000) e macieiras (EPAGRI, 2002), apresentam-se com uma freqüência considerável de chuvas e umidade relativa do ar durante os períodos de maturação-colheita. Além disso, é muito freqüente a ocorrência de granizos que, consequentemente, proporcionam grandes perdas de produção e qualidade. No Paraná, também destacam-se a região de Marialva, no cultivo da videira, e a região de Palmas, no cultivo de macieiras, as quais também apresentam uma grande freqüência de precipitações pluviométricas durante o período produtivo que compromete a qualidade fitossanitária, principalmente da uva de mesa