646 research outputs found
Analysis of dendrometric characteristics of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. (Fabaceae) in the semi-arid Sahelian area: A case study of silvopastoral zone in Senegal
The study gives an analysis of the dendrometric parameters of a middle Sahelian species (Acacia senegal) in semi-arid environment to get better knowledge of its behavior. The research lays the principle that the species behaves differently according to the ecogeographical stations. So, its characteristics change from one environment to another. That is why it is important to do a specific study for every big zone. The study was done in Silvopastoral zone, more particularly in the area where A. senegal is popular in the country. The study aims to deepen the knowledge of A. senegal dendrometric parameters. The following parameters were measured: diameter of the base, breastheight diameter (1.3 m), breast- height circumference, total height of the tree, length of the trunk and width of the houppier. The sample consists of a population of 76 feet locust trees in Senegal. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the characters of the species vary according to the zone where it is found.Keys words: Acacia senegal, dendrometry, Sahel, Senegal
Ălaboration de modĂšles allomĂ©triques dâAcacia SĂ©nĂ©ga
La prĂ©sente Ă©tude sâest appesantie sur lâĂ©laboration de modĂšles allomĂ©triques dâune espĂšce soudanosahĂ©lienne (Acacia SĂ©nĂ©gal ) dans le but dâasseoir une base de calcul des stocks de carbone. La recherche sâest effectuĂ©e en zone sylvopastorale, au nord du SĂ©nĂ©gal. Au prĂ©alable, lâĂ©tude a tentĂ© dâapprofondir les connaissances sur la dendromĂ©trie de Acacia SĂ©nĂ©gal. Sur le terrain, les paramĂštres suivants ont Ă©tĂ© mesurĂ©s et fait lâobjet dâanalyses et interprĂ©tations : diamĂštre Ă la base, hauteur totale de lâarbre, longueur du tronc, diamĂštre Ă hauteur de poitrine, circonfĂ©rence Ă hauteur de poitrine et largeur du houppier. La pesĂ©e des Ă©chantillons de chaque partie (tronc, branche, rameau) de lâĂ©chantillon dâarbres composĂ©s de 38 pieds dâAcacia SĂ©nĂ©gal et leur sĂ©chage Ă lâĂ©tuve ont permis de connaĂźtre la biomasse sĂšche de chaque sujet. Ensuite, des modĂšles allomĂ©triques spĂ©cifiques (entre la biomasse sĂšche et les paramĂštres dendromĂ©triques) ont Ă©tĂ© gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©s et les coefficients de corrĂ©lation dĂ©terminĂ©s. Les diffĂ©rentes analyses ont permis dâaffirmer que le diamĂštre Ă hauteur de poitrine (DHP) est la variable qui offre la meilleure corrĂ©lation avec la biomasse aĂ©rienne. Parmi les modĂšles, et par ordre dĂ©croissant, nous avons obtenu la relation polynomiale, logarithmique et de puissance. Les modĂšles retenus ont comme entrĂ©e le DBH. De ce fait, le modĂšle polynomiale (y = 0,032DBH3 - 1,016DBH2 + 10,87DBH + 7,429) prĂ©sente la meilleure corrĂ©lation (RÂČ = 0,963), suivi du modĂšle logarithmique (y = 13,61ln(DBH) + 17,89) avec une corrĂ©lation RÂČ = 0,933 et du modĂšle de puissance (y = 22,23DBH0,357) pour une corrĂ©lation RÂČ = 0,909. LâĂ©tude a confirmĂ© lâhypothĂšse selon laquelle, au sein dâune mĂȘme espĂšce, lâĂ©laboration de modĂšle spĂ©cifique reflĂšte plus la rĂ©alitĂ© et permet de faire une quantification des stocks de carbone plus proche de la rĂ©alitĂ© que le modĂšle gĂ©nĂ©rique.Mots-clĂ©s : modĂšle allomĂ©trique, grande muraille verte, Acacia SĂ©nĂ©gal, sĂ©questration de carbone
Peri-operative blood pressure changes in normotensive and hypertensive patients
Controversy surrounds the acceptance of hypertension as an
independent risk factor for anaesthesia. In an attempt to
identify variables that are associated with increased
haemodynamic instability during surgery, the blood pressure
profiles of 128 patients were analysed. The two variables
that contributed most to the instability were pre-operative
control of blood pressure and anaesthetic technique. To
reduce the fluctuation in blood pressure, it is advisable for patients to be given a regional anaesthetic. Current therapy for hypertension appears to exaggerate the depressant effects of anaesthetic drugs. Care must be taken not only to prevent hypertensive episodes during surgery, but also hypotensio
Imaging criteria for assessing tumour response: RECIST, mRECIST, Cheson
AbstractMost methods define a limited number of âtargetâ lesions to be measured and other ânon-targetâ lesions to be evaluated qualitatively. RECIST criteria are the most widely used although other criteria have been proposed that are derived from them based on size alone, or size and attenuation. Modified RECIST (mRECIST) criteria only concern hepatocellular carcinoma and only take into account the viable portion (enhanced after injection during the arterial phase). Cheson criteria are more complex as target lesions are defined differently depending on the organ (lymph nodes, liver or spleen, other organs), and involve both CT and PET scans, as well as the clinical examination and bone marrow biopsy
Pneumocephalie sous durale expansive apres une ventriculo- cisternostomie endoscopique
La pneumocĂ©phalie sous durale est une complication classique de la ventriculo-cisternostomie endoscopique (VCE). Il sâagit le plus souvent dâune pneumocĂ©phalie simple sans traduction clinique. . Nous rapportons le cas dâune femme de 38 ans, ayant subi une VCE pour une hydrocĂ©phalie par stĂ©nose de lâaqueduc du mĂ©sencĂ©phale. Elle a dĂ©veloppĂ© une hĂ©miparĂ©sie gauche postopĂ©ratoire avec un retard de rĂ©veil. Le scanner cĂ©rĂ©bral de contrĂŽle a montrĂ© une importante pneumocĂ©phalie sous-durale expansive (signe du Mont Fuji) prĂ©dominante Ă droite. Une surveillance en position TRENDELENBURG, une rĂ©hydratation et une oxygĂ©nation au masque ont permis dâobtenir une rĂ©gression complĂšte de lâhĂ©miparĂ©sie et la rĂ©sorption de la pneumocĂ©phalie sur le scanner Ă J3 postopĂ©ratoire.Mots clĂ©s : Ventriculocisternostomie ; PneumocĂ©phalie ; Complication
Study of the physicochemical quality of water in the Sebi-Ponty basin at Diamniadio (Senegal)
The Sebi-Ponty dam has a basin that is widely used by the population for agro-pastoral activities (animal watering, agriculture, etc.). This basin covers an average area of 106,000 m2 and an average depth of 7 m or about a volume of 435,000 m3. The origin of the water is rainfall (runoff and direct descent). The availability of water is estimated to eight months taking into account the water being drawn, infiltration and evaporation. A qualitative knowledge of the contents of this pool will be a great benefit to those activities of the population. Itrsquos in this context that this study was carried out by this group of researchers, following physic-chemical compositions were targeted: turbidity, color, temperature, conductivity, pH, hardness alkalinity, nitrite, iron, phosphate, boron, and chlorine concentrations. The physico-chemical results obtained on samples taken in the basin between October and December showed that the concentrations of boron, iron and nitrite exceeded the levels recommended by the standard for agro pastoral needs. While turbidity, color, temperature, conductivity, pH, hardness, alkalinity, phosphate and chlorine are at acceptable levels
Bilan de lâazote et du phosphore dans les exploitations agricoles de la rĂ©gion de ThiĂšs au SĂ©nĂ©gal
Dans la zone des Niayes de ThiĂšs au SĂ©nĂ©gal, un systĂšme dâexploitation agricole intĂ©grant lâagriculture et lâĂ©levage est largement adoptĂ©. Lâaviculture est gĂ©nĂ©ralement associĂ©e au maraĂźchage avec une utilisation simultanĂ©e des engrais chimiques et des dĂ©chets organiques issus des Ă©levages. Le bilan des minĂ©raux essentiels (azote et phosphore) Ă lâĂ©chelle de lâexploitation agricole et de ses indicateurs de fonctionnement ont Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©s Ă lâaide dâenquĂȘtes et dâanalyses de laboratoire. Les bilans positifs obtenus au niveau de toutes les exploitations prospectĂ©es ont montrĂ© des excĂ©dents d'azote (N) et de phosphore (P) Ă©levĂ©s avec des valeurs moyennes de 1455,38 et 76,59 kg/ha/an, respectivement. Les pertes de N et de P sont importantes et restent indĂ©pendants de lâeffectif des sujets. Les indicateurs de fonctionnement calculĂ©s pour lâazote et le phosphore traduisent leur mauvaise gestion dans les exploitations avec des indices de gaspillage respectifs de 12,74 et de 1,90 kg.Mot clĂ©s : MinĂ©raux, indicateurs de fonctionnement, exploitations agricoles, SĂ©nĂ©gal
Profile of patients with HPV infection at the regional hospital of Saint-Louis, Senegal
Background: Objectives of current study was to define the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, to determine the frequency of HPV infection at the CHRSL and to describe factors associated with HPV infection.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the gynecology-obstetrics department of the Saint Louis Regional Hospital Center from November 11, 2019 to November 11, 2021, a period of 24 months. We studied sociodemographic, clinical and test results characteristics. Samples were taken from patients in the gynaecological position using a dedicated kit (cytobrush and tube). Viral research was carried out using the Atila Biosystems device for amplification and detection of viral DNA. This test genotypes HPV 16, 18 and 45, and detects 12 other HR HPVs (31, 33, 35, 39, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68) simultaneously using three probes labelled with different fluorophores. Analysis was performed using Epi-Info software and Excel 2010.
Results: The study population comprised 128 patients. The mean age of the patients was 41.95 years, with extremes of 23 and 70 years. They were married (92.97%) and housewives (46.88%). Almost all patients (77.34%) were genitally active. The average age at marriage was 21.78 years, and polygamous households predominated (53.91%). The average age at first intercourse was 20.05 years. The average age at first pregnancy was 21.78. Over (57.81%) of patients had at least two partners. Incense was used in 97.66% of cases. The viral HPV test was positive in (38.28%) of patients. High-risk papillomaviruses were the most common, at 63.27%. Colposcopy was performed in 17.19%; normal and satisfactory in (63.64%) of patients, with 22.27% of cervical biopsies, and histology showed one CIN2 and two CIN3. Therapeutically, one thermoablation and two hysterectomies were performed.
Conclusions: HPV viral typing in primary screening for cervical cancer offers opportunities and remains realistic and feasible in less developed countries such as Senegal, despite modest resources
Efficacite agronomique du compost a base de la biomasse du « neem » et de lâanacarde sur des cultures maraicheres dans la zone des Niayes au Senegal
Dans la zone des Niayes au SĂ©nĂ©gal, les sols sont pauvres en matiĂšres organiques et en Ă©lĂ©ments nutritifs nĂ©cessaires aux plantes. Les engrais chimiques utilisĂ©s pour amĂ©liorer les rendements ont engendrĂ© une forte pollution des sols et de la nappe phrĂ©atique. Lâobjectif de cette Ă©tude est dâĂ©valuer la valeur agronomique du compost fabriquĂ© Ă base des feuilles de neem et dâanacarde, de fiente de volaille et de la cendre de bois. Le compost obtenu prĂ©sente un rapport C/N de 15,49 et des teneurs en N - P - K de 9,1, 14,8 et 7,3 mg/kg, respectivement. Les diffĂ©rentes doses du compost testĂ©es sur des cultures maraichĂšres ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ©Â des performances agronomiques meilleures par rapport aux tĂ©moins. La dose T3 (30 t/ha) a induit les meilleurs rendements pour la tomate (27,213 t/ha) et lâoignon (105,263 t/ha). Pour le chou et la pomme de terre, la dose T1 (10 t/ha) a permis dâobtenir les meilleurs rendements (144,533 t/ha et 55,163 t/ha, respectivement). Par contre pour le poivron, la dose T2 (20 t/ha) a favorisĂ© les meilleurs rendements (32,534 t/ha) avec un poids moyen (81,748g) et un nombre de fruits/rĂ©colte considĂ©rablement plus Ă©levĂ©. Ce compost pourrait constituer une alternative rĂ©elle Ă lâutilisation abusive de lâengrais minĂ©ral dans la zone agricole des Niayes.Mots clĂ©s : Compost, Neem, Feuilles dâanacarde, Maraichage, SĂ©nĂ©ga
Pathways, contextual and cross-scale dynamics of science-policy-society interactions in transdisciplinary research in African cities
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