Difusión y adopción del e-Commerce mundial: efecto moderador de la brecha digital

Treballs Finals del Màster de Recerca en Empresa, Facultat d'Economia i Empresa, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2015-2016, Tutor: Xavier Arroyo Cañada[spa] El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar los efectos moderadores en la adopción del e- Commerce según sea el estado de difusión en un país, haciendo énfasis en el efecto directo del concepto de “Brecha Digital”. Se realizó un análisis exploratorio con datos segundarios que permitió encontrar relaciones del efecto moderador de la Brecha Digital con las variables Influencia Social (SI) y Expectativas de Esfuerzo (EE) teniendo como conclusión más importante la inclusión de la Brecha Digital como moderador directo en el uso del e-Commerce y de manera indirecta en el refuerzo de las variables socioeconómicas en las características del comprador virtual.[eng] The aim of this paper is to examine the moderating effects in the adoption of e-Commerce as state diffusion in a country, emphasizing the direct effect of the concept of "Digital Divide". A descriptive exploratory analysis allowed to find relations moderating effect of the Digital Divide with Social Influence (SI) and Expectations of Effort (EE) variables having as most important conclusion including the Digital Divide as a direct moderator was held in use of e- Commerce and indirectly on strengthening socio-economic variables on the characteristics of virtual buyer

Arquitectura para el conocimiento

La Málaga del siglo XXI se prepara para hacer de la investigación y de la innovación su nuevo sello. Entrevista a tres de los artífices de la urbanización y la edificación de la ampliación de Teatinos, clave en el eje sociocultural, científico y empresarial que conforman ya la capital, UMA y Parque Tecnológico

Exchange rate behavior and exchange rate puzzles: why the 18th century might help

Este artículo analiza el comportamiento de los tipos de cambio entre España y Gran Bretaña durante el siglo XVIII; en concreto, de los tipos de cambio en el mercado de Londres sobre tres ciudades españolas, entre los años 1699 y 1826. Tras una breve exposición del funcionamiento del sistema monetario español y de la determinación de los tipos de cambio, estudiamos hasta qué punto el tipo de cambio respondía a variables fundamentales, utilizando dos modelos teóricos generalmente aceptados. Los resultados sugieren que la paridad de poder adquisitivo se cumplió durante el siglo XVIII, y que el tipo de cambio se movía de forma paralela a los diferenciales de inflación. Al final del siglo aparecen desviaciones de la paridad de poder adquisitivo, que atribuimos a alteraciones en el tipo de cambio real causadas por fluctuaciones en el comercio bilateral entre España y Gran Bretaña y, quizá, a diferenciales de productividad.This article explores the behavior of exchange rates in Spain during the 18th century. We analyze the exchange rates quoted in London on three Spanish cities between 1699 and 1826. After a brief review of how the Spanish monetary system worked and how exchange rates were determined, we assess to which extent the exchange rate responded to market fundamentals by testing two theoretical models of exchange rate determination. The results suggest that purchasing power parity held during the 18th century, with the exchange rate tracking quite closely the behavior of inflation differentials. Deviations from PPP appeared at the end of the century, due mostly to changes in the real exchange rate caused by the bilateral trade between Spain and Great Britain and, maybe, due to productivity differentials

The perception of satisfaction with virtual social networks: A comparative analysis

The main aim was to determine the level of satisfaction of users of Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram by comparing the concept of a 'virtual social network' with the perception of use by the users the subjective evaluation of five features. An empirical study was realized with users of social networks in Latin America by measuring similar features - customization, interactivity, multimedia, privacy, and regulation - which are the features that are the most discussed in the literature. The analysis of the information was conducted with the Hamming distance. This study presents a new assessment of satisfaction with virtual social networks by taking into account features that had not previously been considered as a group; furthermore, no differences in perceptions by gender or age were found and the virtual social network with the best assessment was identified as Twitter. Keywords: Internet, behaviour, consumers, social networks

Exchange Rate Behavior and Exchange Rate Puzzles: Why the XVIII Century Might Help

This article explores the behavior of exchange rates in Spain during the XVIII century. We posit that exchange rates were the result of both government intervention over nominal values of currencies and the estimate that the market –of bills of exchange- gave to the value of the currency. We analyze the exchange rates quoted in London on three Spanish cities between 1699 and 1826. After a brief overview of the functioning of the Spanish monetary system and of exchange rate determination, we assess the extent to which the exchange rate responded to market fundamentals by testing some theoretical models of exchange rate determination. The results suggest that purchasing power parity held during the XVIII century, with the exchange rate tracking quite closely the behavior of inflation differentials. Deviations from PPP appeared at the end of the century, due mostly to changes in the real exchange rate caused by the bilateral trade balance between Spain and Great Britain and, maybe, to productivity differentials.

Efeitos do solo e clima numa vinha de uva de mesa com cultura de cobertura. Gestão da rega utilizando redes de sensores

[ENG] TThe use of mulches in vineyards and orchards is a traditional agricultural practice used with the aim of saving moisture, reducing weed growth and improving organic matter content in the soil. In table grape vineyards trained to overhead system in Puglia region (Southeastern Italy), plastic sheets covering the canopy are often used to either advance ripening or delay harvest. In this environment, the living mulches could contribute to the modification of the microclimate around the canopy below the plastic sheets. This condition has an influence on the climatic demand and on both the vegetative and productive activities, mainly in stages with a high evapotranspiration. However, the presence of living mulches could increase the demand of available water and nutrient resources and this could cause a lower yield. The aim of this study was to acquire a suitable knowledge to manage irrigation and verify the influences of living mulches on the vine by using wireless sensor networks to measure the vapor pressure deficit, soil water potential and content.[POR] A utilização de coberturas do solo em vinhas e pomares é uma prática agrícola tradicional, utilizada com o objetivo de preservar a humidade do solo, reduzir o crescimento de infestantes e melhorar o teor de matéria orgânica no solo. Em vinhas de uva de mesa, conduzidas em sistema de pérgula na região de Puglia (sudeste da Itália), são frequentemente usadas coberturas de plástico para promover o avanço da maturação ou o atraso da colheita. Neste ambiente a utilização de enrelvamentos pode contribuir para a modificação do microclima do copado. Esta condição pode influenciar a demanda atmosférica, bem como a atividade vegetativa e reprodutiva da videira, principalmente em períodos de elevada evapotranspiração. No entanto, a presença do enrelvamento pode originar um aumento da demanda dos recursos disponíveis, nomeadamente água e nutrientes, o que poderá provocar uma quebra de produção. O objetivo deste estudo foi adquirir conhecimento para a gestão da rega e, simultaneamente, verificar a influência dos enrelvamentos na atividade da videira, usando para o efeito redes de sensores “sem fio” para medir o déficit de pressão de vapor, o potencial e o conteúdo de água no solo.The development of this work was supported by: The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the project RIDEFRUT (ref. AGL2013-49047-C2-1-R), the “Fundacion Seneca, Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnologia” of the Region of Murcia under the “Excelence Group Program”, and the Technical University of Cartagena under the PMPDI Program

Ellas investigan : mujeres de ciencia

Cuando se cumplen cien años del acceso de la mujer a la universidad española, una bioquímica, una ingeniera en telecomunicación y una futura arquitecta nos muestran que la investigación científica no entiende de sexo

Estudio de factibilidad para la creación de Santor Eventos S.A.S. una empresa de eventos sociales y entretenimiento en Zarzal (Valle del Cauca)

En el municipio de Zarzal (Valle del Cauca) y sectores aledaños como Roldanillo, La Victoria, La Unión, La Paila entre otros, se evidencia la falta de empresas que presten servicios de esparcimiento en la comunidad con la realización de eventos sociales y de entretenimiento. Por lo anterior, se realiza ésta investigación para determinar la viabilidad de la creación de la empresa SANTOR EVENTOS S.A.S. que prestará los servicios logísticos e impulsará el desarrollo de eventos sociales y de entretenimiento como conciertos y fiestas temáticas. Así mismo, se analizarán las diferentes variables que afectan la realización de éste proyecto, se determinará la población objetivo y demás variables comerciales mediante una investigación de mercados y se realizan las respectivas proyecciones de los indicadores financieros necesarios para determinar la viabilidad del proyecto. Finalmente, en la descripción del proyecto se registra la información general, en el plan de inversiones y estructura de financiación se analizan las inversiones totales, la administración del capital de trabajo y el origen de los recursos, en el estudio técnico se analiza la información operacional del proyecto como infraestructura requerida, maquinaria y equipo, entre otras, por último se redactarán algunas conclusiones y recomendaciones.In the town of Zarzal, Valle del Cauca, Colombia and surrounding areas such as Roldanillo, La Victoria, La Union, and La Paila among others is evidence the lack of entertainment companies to develop social and entertainment events. Therefore, this research is conducted to determine the feasibility to form legally an entertainment company SANTOR SAS EVENTS to provide logistics services and encourage the development of social and entertainment events such as concerts and thematically parties. Furthermore, analyzing the different variables that affect the realization of this project will determine the target population and other trade variables by market research and perform the respective projections of financial indicators needed to determine the viability of the project. Finally, the project description information is recorded generally in the investment plan and financing structure analyzes total investments, management of working capital and source of resources, technical study analyzes the operational information project as required infrastructure, machinery and equipment, among others. As a final point, some conclusions and recommendations are drawn

Acidez de los suelos y su manejo

La acidez de los suelos es uno de los principales retos para la agricultura en las regiones tropicales (Barcelo & Poschenrieder, 2002; Rufyikiri et al, 2004). Los suelos pueden volverse ácidos después de largos periodos de uso intensivo, como es el caso del banano y por esto es importante abordar este problema para manejarlo y lograr sostener e incrementar el rendimiento. Los fundamentos de la acidez en el suelo son universales, pero las estrategias de manejo son específicas a cada tipo de suelo y sistema agrícola, por lo que no se debe usar una sola. Las características particulares de cada suelo son las que finalmente determinan las estrategias de control a corto, mediano y largo plazo, más efectivas