Festivals, Social Order and Community Engagement: The Big Scream Halloween Festival, North East Inner City, Dublin.

This case study explores the way in which community festivals can be used to engage and unite, and address social issues in a local community. It explores \u27The Big Scream\u27 Halloween festival in North East Inner City Dublin, a festival that was created by the local county council to address anti-social behaviour during Halloween. It highlights the significant positive impact the festival has had on the local community

Understanding the library as a commemorative exhibition space

This research responds to calls to further our understanding of exhibitions in the library context (Rogatchevskaia, 2018; Fouracre, 2015) by exploring the significance of a commemorative exhibition staged in a public library. Employing a qualitative methodology, it centres on the ‘Goodbye Dublin: The War of Independence in the City’ commemorative exhibition, staged by Dublin City Pearse Street Library, between August 14th and October 31st, 2019. The findings show that the commemorative nature of the exhibition appealed to a variety of new, lapsed and frequent library users, connecting with Irish and non-Irish residents, as well as tourists visiting the city. In this regard, the exhibition was effective in its objective of appealing to a new and wide-ranging audience, however, the findings underline the need for more diverse and varied marketing, if this aim is to be entirely successful. The staging of the exhibition as an active authoring and articulation of the past by the library is highlighted, and the use of multimedia is seen to transform the library into an emotionally charged, dynamic and multisensory space. This facilitates an immersive encounter, involving interplays between the exhibition narratives and visitors’ personal memories and interests. This offers different ways for visitors to engage with the library, inspiring them to find new meanings, explore issues of personal, collective and national identities, and to reassess contemporary events. Overall, the research makes an important contribution by highlighting the complexity and importance of commemorative exhibitions in the context of public libraries

Understanding the Library as a Commemorative Exhibition Space

While traditionally recognised as quiet places for study and for reading, today public libraries house in their premises many more activities than they did in the past (Capillé, 2018). No longer just spaces that only house and preserve collections, libraries now stress the importance of the relationship between the collections, the knowledge they contain, and their readers (Mickiewicz, 2016). In this regard, the staging of exhibitions for the public have become increasingly significant and ‘constitute a new area of professional expertise for libraries serving a new, expanded user base in a specific way’ (Fouracre, 2015: 384). While exhibitions help fulfil the role of the library as educator and knowledge disseminator, the scope of exhibition work in libraries is both extensive and varied (Dutka, Hayes and Parnell, 2002). This frequently includes the staging of commemorative exhibitions, events that are typically planned with the intention of affirming and reinforcing memories that provide a sense of heritage and identity (Frost & Laing, 2013). Such events are important for their meanings, which may differ from person to person, and which are frequently contested (Laing & Frost, 2019) and which, as Drozdzewski, Waterton and Sumartojo (2019) suggest are strongly linked to the construction of both individual personal identities and collective, national identities. However, little has been done to further our understanding of commemorative exhibitions in public libraries, in particular with regard to the relationship between the exhibition, the attendee and the library. This research seeks to address this. Employing a qualitative methodology the research centres on the ‘Goodbye Dublin’ War of Independence commemorative exhibition staged by Dublin City Library & Archive, the largest library authority in the Republic of Ireland. The exhibition, which commemorated the central role that Dublin played in Ireland’s War of Independence 1919-1921, ran from August 14th to October 31st, 2019 as part of the annual Dublin Festival of History. Over this time-period, 30 interviews were undertaken with exhibition attendees to explore the meanings the exhibition held for them. The research findings indicate that the exhibition provided clarity, understanding and moments of learning for those attending. Of particular significance were the myriad of meanings and personal connections that the exhibition, in particular the visual images, evoked. These ranged from reflections on the War of Independence and its impact on Irish society, to wars in general, as well as personal reflections and reflections on contemporary life. A key finding of the research was the importance that respondents placed on the role of public libraries in staging commemorative exhibitions, and the significance of these exhibitions in reconnecting attendees with the city, its history, and with the library itself

Event Tourism, Public Policy and Socio-Cultural Development in Dublin

In a highly globalised, competitive world, urban strategies often highlight festivals and events as activities which can attract tourists and investors, extend the tourism season and boost the economy. Event tourism as a term is now well established in the tourism lexicon, however, it is usually employed in quite a limited way that offers only partial insights into a complex phenomenon. To redress this deficit, this paper examines the case of Dublin, where for the last twenty-five years, policy-makers have been using festivals and events to boost the city’s international standing. The aim is to investigate whether policy-makers can strategically use events to further tourism goals while simultaneously fostering socio-cultural development more broadly. Methodologically, the study reported undertakes a detailed, critical analysis of public policy documents that relate festivals and events to tourism. It finds a range of policy perspectives at play but overall, there is a clear tendency for festivals and events to be framed through an urban entrepreneurial lens that under-appreciates social and cultural issues. In contrast, a second set of findings reported from primary research undertaken at one of the main tourism–oriented festivals in the city show how festival experiences can generate enjoyment, sociability, pride, inclusion and belonging for both tourists and other city users alike, while simultaneously producing economic returns. Together, the findings of the policy analysis and the empirical case point to the need to re-think how events and tourism intersect to achieve optimal outcomes, especially in these post pandemic times when cities the world over are searching for more sustainable tourism futures. The study recommends that event tourism policy-making adopt broader, more holistic terms of reference and suggests that lessons from practice could be employed to inform better policies

Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI): a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic conditioning with transient ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We investigated whether remote ischaemic conditioning could reduce the incidence of cardiac death and hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months. METHODS: We did an international investigator-initiated, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI) at 33 centres across the UK, Denmark, Spain, and Serbia. Patients (age >18 years) with suspected STEMI and who were eligible for PPCI were randomly allocated (1:1, stratified by centre with a permuted block method) to receive standard treatment (including a sham simulated remote ischaemic conditioning intervention at UK sites only) or remote ischaemic conditioning treatment (intermittent ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm through four cycles of 5-min inflation and 5-min deflation of an automated cuff device) before PPCI. Investigators responsible for data collection and outcome assessment were masked to treatment allocation. The primary combined endpoint was cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02342522) and is completed. FINDINGS: Between Nov 6, 2013, and March 31, 2018, 5401 patients were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=2701) or the remote ischaemic conditioning group (n=2700). After exclusion of patients upon hospital arrival or loss to follow-up, 2569 patients in the control group and 2546 in the intervention group were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 12 months post-PPCI, the Kaplan-Meier-estimated frequencies of cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure (the primary endpoint) were 220 (8·6%) patients in the control group and 239 (9·4%) in the remote ischaemic conditioning group (hazard ratio 1·10 [95% CI 0·91-1·32], p=0·32 for intervention versus control). No important unexpected adverse events or side effects of remote ischaemic conditioning were observed. INTERPRETATION: Remote ischaemic conditioning does not improve clinical outcomes (cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure) at 12 months in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation, University College London Hospitals/University College London Biomedical Research Centre, Danish Innovation Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, TrygFonden

Genome sequence of the hot pepper provides insights into the evolution of pungency in Capsicum species

Hot pepper (Capsicum annuum), one of the oldest domesticated crops in the Americas, is the most widely grown spice crop in the world. We report whole-genome sequencing and assembly of the hot pepper (Mexican landrace of Capsicum annuum cv. CM334) at 186.6× coverage. We also report resequencing of two cultivated peppers and de novo sequencing of the wild species Capsicum chinense. The genome size of the hot pepper was approximately fourfold larger than that of its close relative tomato, and the genome showed an accumulation of Gypsy and Caulimoviridae family elements. Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analyses suggested that change in gene expression and neofunctionalization of capsaicin synthase have shaped capsaicinoid biosynthesis. We found differential molecular patterns of ripening regulators and ethylene synthesis in hot pepper and tomato. The reference Hot pepper(Capsicum annuum), one of the oldest domesticated crops in the Americas, is the most widely grown spice crop in the world. We report whole-genome sequencing and assembly of the hot pepper(Mexican landrace of Capsicum annuum cv. CM334) at 186.6×coverage. We also report resequencing of two cultivated peppers and de novo sequencing of the wild species Capsicum chinense. The genome size of the hot pepper was approximately fourfold larger than that of its close relative tomato, and the genome showed an accumulation of Gypsy and Caulimoviridae family elements. Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analyses suggested that change in gene expression and neofunctionalization of capsaicin synthase have shaped capsaicinoid biosynthesis. We found differential molecular patterns of ripening regulators and ethylene synthesis in hot pepper and tomato. The reference genome will serve as a platform for improving the nutritional and medicinal values of Capsicum species.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2014-01/102/0000005113/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2014-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000005113ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A077085DEPT_CD:517CITE_RATE:35.209FILENAME:pepper-final.pdfDEPT_NM:식물생산과학부EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:YCONFIRM: