68 research outputs found
A note on the geodesic deviation equation for null geodesics in the Schwarzschild black-hole
We use the Hamiltonian formulation of the geodesic equation in the
Schwarzschild space-time so as to get the variational equation as the
counterpart of the Jacobi equation in this approach. In this context we are
able to apply the Morales-Ramis theorem to link the integrability of the
geodesic equation to the integrability, in the sense of differential Galois
theory, of the variational equation. This link is strong enough to hold even on
geodesics for which the usual conserved quantities fail to be independent, as
is the case of circular geodesics. We show explicitly the particular cases of
some null geodesics and their variational equations.Comment: 12 page
Concordancia entre los modelos de SCORE y Framingham y las ecuaciones AHA/ACC como evaluadores de riesgo cardiovascular
ResumenObjetivoDiferentes modelos de evaluaciĂłn de riesgo cardiovascular estĂĄn actualmente en uso en Colombia. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la concordancia entre las ecuaciones AHA/ACC 2013, SCORE y Framingham ajustado, asĂ como el impacto de usar una u otra en la cantidad de pacientes clasificados como de alto riesgo y en la cantidad de pacientes que requerirĂan manejo farmacolĂłgico.MĂ©todosSe evaluaron 800 pacientes entre 40 y 74 años, de la clĂnica de prevenciĂłn primaria del Hospital militar Central en BogotĂĄ (Colombia), libres de eventos cardiovasculares. Se estimaron el riesgo a 10 años de enfermedad arterioesclerĂłtica cardiovascular segĂșn las ecuaciones propuestas por las guĂas AHA/ACC 2013, el riesgo de muerte cardiovascular segĂșn la funciĂłn SCORE de la guĂa europea y el riesgo coronario segĂșn la funciĂłn de Framingham ajustada, recomendada por la guĂa colombiana. Se considerĂł como indicaciĂłn de manejo farmacolĂłgico un cĂĄlculo de riesgo AHA/ACC o Framingham ajustado>7,5%. Un riesgo de Framingham>20% o SCORE>5% definĂa el riesgo alto.ResultadosSegĂșn el Framingham habĂa un 5,9% de pacientes de alto riesgo, segĂșn las ecuaciones de SCORE para paĂses de bajo riesgo un 18,7% y segĂșn las ecuaciones de SCORE para paĂses de alto riesgo, un 31,2%. El coeficiente Kappa mostrĂł baja concordancia entre Framingham ajustado y cada una de las ecuaciones de SCORE (0,28 y 0,22 respectivamente). SegĂșn las recomendaciones de la guĂa AHA/ACC, el tratamiento hipolipemiante estarĂa indicado en un 40,8% de los pacientes, frente a un 50,6% segĂșn la guĂa colombiana (Framingham ajustado). El coeficiente kappa fue de 0,5735.ConclusionesEn la actualidad existe pobre acuerdo entre las diferentes escalas de evaluaciĂłn del riesgo cardiovascular usadas en Colombia, hecho que conlleva incertidumbre para la toma de decisiones terapĂ©uticas. Los datos de este estudio demuestran la necesidad de validar los modelos de SCORE y AHA/ACC en Colombia y LatinoamĂ©rica.AbstractMotivationIn Colombia, different models of cardiovascular risk assessment are currently being used. The motivation of this study is to analyse the concordance between the ACC/AHA 2013 equation, SCORE and adjusted Framingham, as well as the impact of using one or another in the amount of patients classified as high risk and the amount of patients requiring pharmacological management.Methods800 patients between 40 and 74 years old were assessed, from the primary prevention clinic of the Hospital Militar Central in BogotĂĄ (Colombia), who were free of cardiovascular events. 10-year risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease was estimated according to the equations proposed by ACC/AHA 2013 guides, the risk of cardiovascular death according to the SCORE function of the European guide and the coronary risk according to the adjusted Framingham function recommended by the Colombian guide. The indication of pharmacological management was considered with an ACC/AHA or adjusted Framingham risk of>7.5%. A >20% Framingham or a >5% SCORE risk were considered high risk.ResultsAccording to Framingham there was a 5.9% of high-risk patients, according to SCORE equations for low-risk countries an 18.7% and according to SCORE equations for high-risk countries, a 31.2%. The Kappa coefficient showed a low concordance between adjusted Framingham and each of the SCORE equations (0.28 and 0.22 respectively). According to the ACC/AHA guide recommendations, hypolipidemic treatment would be indicated in 40.8% of patients, versus a 50.6% following the Colombian guide indications (adjusted Framingham). Kappa coefficient was 0.5735.ConclusionsNowadays there is a poor agreement between the different cardiovascular risk assessment scales used in Colombia, thus generating uncertainty when it comes to making therapeutic choices. Data from this study show the need to validate the validate the SCORE and ACC/AHA models in Colombia and Latin America
Informe de la expediciĂłn cientĂfica CIMAR-COCO-I
El proyecto âConocimiento y gestiĂłn de medios marinos y coralinos del Ărea de ConservaciĂłn Marina Isla del Cocoâ fue financiado por el Fondo FrancĂ©s para el Medio Ambiente Mundial y la Universidad de Costa Rica. Del 9 al 20 de octubre del 2007 un grupo de cientĂficos del Centro de InvestigaciĂłn en Ciencias del Mar y LimnologĂa (CIMAR) de la Universidad de Costa Rica, en conjunto con personal de otros centros de investigaciĂłn realizaron la ExpediciĂłn CIMAR-COCO-I. Para esta expediciĂłn se utilizĂł el barco de MarViva, MV Phoenix I, con un apoyo excelente de la tripulaciĂłn. La finalidad de esta expediciĂłn fue iniciar los diferentes componentes de campo del proyecto.Fondo FrancĂ©s para el Medio Ambiente Mundial y la Universidad de Costa RicaUCR::VicerrectorĂa de InvestigaciĂłn::Unidades de InvestigaciĂłn::Ciencias BĂĄsicas::Centro de InvestigaciĂłn en Ciencias del Mar y LimnologĂa (CIMAR
Lo glocal y el turismo. Nuevos paradigmas de interpretaciĂłn.
El estudio del turismo se realiza desde mĂșltiples escalas y enfoques, este libro aborda muchos temas que es necesario discutir desde diversas perspectivas; es el caso de la reflexiĂłn sobre la propia disciplina y sus conceptos, asĂ como los asuntos especĂficos referidos al impacto territorial, los tipos de turismo, las cuestiones ambientales, el tema de la pobreza, la competitividad, las polĂticas pĂșblicas, el papel de las universidades, las ĂĄreas naturales protegidas, la sustentabilidad, la cultura, el desarrollo, la seguridad, todos temas centrales documentados y expuestos con originalidad y dominio del asunto. Lo multiescalar es bĂĄsico para la comprensiĂłn del sistema turĂstico, sistema formado de procesos globales, regionales y locales. El eje de discusiĂłn del libro es lo glocal, esa interacciĂłn entre lo nacional y local con lo global
Phenotypical, Clinical, and Molecular Aspects of Adults and Children With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Iberoamerica
Fil: Alves, Ana Catarina. Instituto Nacional de SaĂșde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa; Portugal.Fil: Alonso, Rodrigo. Center for Advanced Metabolic Medicine and Nutrition, Santiago; Chile.Fil: Diaz-Diaz, JosĂ© LuĂs. Hospital Universitario A Coruña. Department of Internal Medicine; España.Fil: Medeiros, Ana Margarida. Instituto Nacional de SaĂșde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa; Portugal.Fil: Jannes, Cinthia E. University of SĂŁo Paulo. Medical School. Hospital SĂŁo Paulo. Heart Institute (InCor); Brasil.Fil: Merchan, Alonso. FundaciĂłn Clinica SHAIO, CardiologĂa, BogotĂĄ; Colombia.Fil: Vasques-Cardenas, Norma A. Universidad AutĂłnoma de Guadalajara. Facultad de Medicina Zapopan; MĂ©xico.Fil: Cuevas, Ada. Center for Advanced Metabolic Medicine and Nutrition, Santiago; Chile.Fil: Chacra, Ana Paula. University of SĂŁo Paulo. Medical School. Hospital SĂŁo Paulo. Heart Institute (InCor); Brasil.Fil: Krieger, Jose E. University of SĂŁo Paulo. Medical School. Hospital SĂŁo Paulo. Heart Institute (InCor); Brasil.Fil: Arroyo, Raquel. FundaciĂłn Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid; España.Fil: Arrieta, Francisco. Hospital RamĂłn y Cajal. Departamento de EndocrinologĂa, Madrid; España.Fil: Schreier, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y BioquĂmica. Departamento de BioquĂmica ClĂnica, Laboratorio de LĂpidos y Aterosclerosis; Argentina.Fil: Corral, Pablo. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Medicina. CĂĄtedra FarmacologĂa e InvestigaciĂłn, Mar del Plata; Argentina.Fil: Bañares, Virginia. ANLIS Dr.C.G.MalbrĂĄn. Centro Nacional de GenĂ©tica MĂ©dica. Departamento de GenĂ©tica Experimental; Argentina.Fil: Araujo, Maria B. Hospital Garrahan. Servicio de NutriciĂłn; Argentina.Fil: Bustos, Paula. Universidad de ConcepciĂłn. Facultad de Farmacia; Chile.Fil: Asenjo, Sylvia. Universidad de ConcepciĂłn. Facultad de Medicina; Chile.Fil: Stoll, Mario. Programa GENYCO, Laboratorio de GenĂ©tica Molecular. ComisiĂłn Honoraria de Salud Cardiovascular, Montevideo; Uruguay.Fil: Dell'Oca, NicolĂĄs. Programa GENYCO, Laboratorio de GenĂ©tica Molecular. ComisiĂłn Honoraria de Salud Cardiovascular, Montevideo; Uruguay.Fil: Reyes, Maria. FundaciĂłn Cardiovascular de Colombia. CardiologĂa; BogotĂĄ.Fil: Ressia, AndrĂ©s. FundaciĂłn Cardiovascular de Colombia. CardiologĂa; BogotĂĄ.Fil: Campo, Rafael. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Centro de InvestigaciĂłn BiomĂ©dica del Occidente, Guadalajara; MĂ©xico.Fil: Magaña-Torres, Maria T. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias MĂ©dicas y NutriciĂłn. Unidad de InvestigaciĂłn de Enfermedades MetabĂłlicas; MĂ©xico.Fil: Metha, Roopa. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias MĂ©dicas y NutriciĂłn. Unidad de InvestigaciĂłn de Enfermedades MetabĂłlicas; MĂ©xico.Fil: Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias MĂ©dicas y NutriciĂłn Salvador ZubirĂĄn. Departamento de EndocrinologĂa y Metabolismo. SecretarĂa de la Defensa Nacional. Unidad de Especialidades MĂ©dicas. Servicio de EndocrinologĂa; MĂ©xico.Fil: Ceballos-Macias, JosĂ© J. Pontificia Universidad Javerina. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna, BogotĂĄ; Colombia.Fil: Ruiz Morales, Ălvaro J. Pontificia Universidad Javerina. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna, BogotĂĄ; Colombia.Fil: Mata, Pedro. FundaciĂłn Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid; España.Fil: Bourbon, Mafalda. Instituto Nacional de SaĂșde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa; Portugal.Fil: Santos, Raul D. University of SĂŁo Paulo. Medical School. Hospital SĂŁo Paulo. Heart Institute (InCor); Brasil.OBJECTIVE: Characterize homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) individuals from Iberoamerica.
APPROACH AND RESULTS: In a cross-sectional retrospective evaluation 134 individuals with a HoFH phenotype, 71 adults (age 39.3±15.8 years, 38.0% males), and 63 children (age 8.8±4.0 years, 50.8% males) were studied. Genetic characterization was available in 129 (96%). The majority (91%) were true homozygotes (true HoFH, n=79, 43.0% children, 46.8% males) or compound heterozygotes (compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, n=39, 51.3% children, 46.2% males) with putative pathogenic variants in the LDLR. True HoFH due to LDLR variants had higher total (P=0.015) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (P=0.008) compared with compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Children with true HoFH (n=34) tended to be diagnosed earlier (P=0.051) and had a greater frequency of xanthomas (P=0.016) than those with compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (n=20). Previous major cardiovascular events were present in 25 (48%) of 52 children (missing information in 2 cases), and in 43 (67%) of 64 adults with LDLR variants. Children who are true HoFH had higher frequency of major cardiovascular events (P=0.02), coronary heart (P=0.013), and aortic/supra-aortic valve diseases (P=0.022) than compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. In adults, no differences were observed in major cardiovascular events according to type of LDLR variant. From 118 subjects with LDLR variants, 76 (64%) had 2 likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants. In 89 subjects with 2 LDLR variants, those with at least one null allele were younger (P=0.003) and had a greater frequency of major cardiovascular events (P=0.038) occurring at an earlier age (P=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: There was a high frequency of cardiovascular disease even in children. Phenotype and cardiovascular complications were heterogeneous and associated with the type of molecular defect
Key Factors Associated With Pulmonary Sequelae in the Follow-Up of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Introduction: Critical COVID-19 survivors have a high risk of respiratory sequelae. Therefore, we aimed to identify key factors associated with altered lung function and CT scan abnormalities at a follow-up visit in a cohort of critical COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Multicenter ambispective observational study in 52 Spanish intensive care units. Up to 1327 PCR-confirmed critical COVID-19 patients had sociodemographic, anthropometric, comorbidity and lifestyle characteristics collected at hospital admission; clinical and biological parameters throughout hospital stay; and, lung function and CT scan at a follow-up visit. Results: The median [p25âp75] time from discharge to follow-up was 3.57 [2.77â4.92] months. Median age was 60 [53â67] years, 27.8% women. The mean (SD) percentage of predicted diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at follow-up was 72.02 (18.33)% predicted, with 66% of patients having DLCO < 80% and 24% having DLCO < 60%. CT scan showed persistent pulmonary infiltrates, fibrotic lesions, and emphysema in 33%, 25% and 6% of patients, respectively. Key variables associated with DLCO < 60% were chronic lung disease (CLD) (OR: 1.86 (1.18â2.92)), duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (OR: 1.56 (1.37â1.77)), age (OR [per-1-SD] (95%CI): 1.39 (1.18â1.63)), urea (OR: 1.16 (0.97â1.39)) and estimated glomerular filtration rate at ICU admission (OR: 0.88 (0.73â1.06)). Bacterial pneumonia (1.62 (1.11â2.35)) and duration of ventilation (NIMV (1.23 (1.06â1.42), IMV (1.21 (1.01â1.45)) and prone positioning (1.17 (0.98â1.39)) were associated with fibrotic lesions. Conclusion: Age and CLD, reflecting patientsâ baseline vulnerability, and markers of COVID-19 severity, such as duration of IMV and renal failure, were key factors associated with impaired DLCO and CT abnormalities
Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expertÂŽs group based and informed on evidence
La AsociaciĂłn Colombiana de InfectologĂa (ACIN) y el Instituto de EvaluaciĂłn de Nuevas TecnologĂas de la Salud (IETS) conformĂł un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar
recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atenciĂłn, diagnĂłstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guĂas son
dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ĂĄmbitos de la atenciĂłn en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia
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