Effects Of 4-thiazolidinone Derivatives Les-2658 And Les-1205 On Sleep - Wakefulness Cycle In Kindled Rats

The research is dedicated to in-depth study of neurotrophic and antiepileptic properties of original potential anticonvulsant agents from 4-thiazolidinones – LES-2658 (5-(3-nitro-benzylidene)-2-(thiazol-2-ylimino)-thiazolidin-4-one) and LES-1205 ([2,4-dioxo-5-(thiazol-2-ylcarbamoylmethyl)-thiazolidin-3-yl]-acetic acid ethyl ester), synthesized at the Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine. Studying of sleep - wakefulness cycle characteristics in animals with chronic epileptic syndrome in conditions of 4-thiazolidinones derivatives LES-2658 and LES-1205 use was performed. The kindling syndrome was induced in Wistar rats via daily pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (30 mg/kg, i.p.) administrations during three weeks and sleep - wakefulness cycle was studied under conditions of LES-2658 and LES-1205 administrations at doses 25.0and 100.0 mg/kg i.p.. Total wakefulness, non - rapid eye movement sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, falling asleep latency, REM - onset latency and also number of REM sleep episodes have been determined by behavioral characteristics of experimental animals. It was established that 4-thiazolidinone derivatives Les-1205 and Les-2658 reduce REM sleep fragmentation and increase its duration in PTZ-kindled rats. Les-1205 compound at dose 100.0 mg/kg show a clear correcting influence on kindling - induced sleep disturbances

EFFECTS OF 4-THIAZOLIDINONE DERIVATIVES LES-2658 AND LES-1205 ON SLEEP - WAKEFULNESS CYCLE IN KINDLED RATS

The research is dedicated to in-depth study of neurotrophic and antiepileptic properties of original potential anticonvulsant agents from 4-thiazolidinones – LES-2658 (5-(3-nitro-benzylidene)-2-(thiazol-2-ylimino)-thiazolidin-4-one) and LES-1205 ([2,4-dioxo-5-(thiazol-2-ylcarbamoylmethyl)-thiazolidin-3-yl]-acetic acid ethyl ester), synthesized at the Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine. Studying of sleep - wakefulness cycle characteristics in animals with chronic epileptic syndrome in conditions of 4-thiazolidinones derivatives LES-2658 and LES-1205 use was performed. The kindling syndrome was induced in Wistar rats via daily pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (30 mg/kg, i.p.) administrations during three weeks and sleep - wakefulness cycle was studied under conditions of LES-2658 and LES-1205 administrations at doses 25.0and 100.0 mg/kg i.p.. Total wakefulness, non - rapid eye movement sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, falling asleep latency, REM - onset latency and also number of REM sleep episodes have been determined by behavioral characteristics of experimental animals. It was established that 4-thiazolidinone derivatives Les-1205 and Les-2658 reduce REM sleep fragmentation and increase its duration in PTZ-kindled rats. Les-1205 compound at dose 100.0 mg/kg show a clear correcting influence on kindling - induced sleep disturbances

EFFECTS OF 4-THIAZOLIDINONE DERIVATIVES LES-2658 AND LES-1205 ON SLEEP - WAKEFULNESS CYCLE IN KINDLED RATS

The research is dedicated to in-depth study of neurotrophic and antiepileptic properties of original potential anticonvulsant agents from 4-thiazolidinones – LES-2658 (5-(3-nitro-benzylidene)-2-(thiazol-2-ylimino)-thiazolidin-4-one) and LES-1205 ([2,4-dioxo-5-(thiazol-2-ylcarbamoylmethyl)-thiazolidin-3-yl]-acetic acid ethyl ester), synthesized at the Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine. Studying of sleep - wakefulness cycle characteristics in animals with chronic epileptic syndrome in conditions of 4-thiazolidinones derivatives LES-2658 and LES-1205 use was performed. The kindling syndrome was induced in Wistar rats via daily pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (30 mg/kg, i.p.) administrations during three weeks and sleep - wakefulness cycle was studied under conditions of LES-2658 and LES-1205 administrations at doses 25.0and 100.0 mg/kg i.p.. Total wakefulness, non - rapid eye movement sleep, rapid eye movement sleep, falling asleep latency, REM - onset latency and also number of REM sleep episodes have been determined by behavioral characteristics of experimental animals. It was established that 4-thiazolidinone derivatives Les-1205 and Les-2658 reduce REM sleep fragmentation and increase its duration in PTZ-kindled rats. Les-1205 compound at dose 100.0 mg/kg show a clear correcting influence on kindling - induced sleep disturbances

Thiazolidinone-Related Heterocyclic Compounds as Potential Antitrypanosomal Agents

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and Chagas disease are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) due to parasite protists from the Trypanosoma genus transmitted by insect vectors. Trypanosomiases affect mostly poor populations in the developing countries, and the development of new antitrypanosomal drugs is underinvested by governments and the pharmaceutical industry. In this chapter, we described the development of 4-thiazolidinone and thiazole derivatives with heterocyclic fragments which exhibit good inhibition of trypanosome growth and might constitute potential candidates for the development of new drugs against trypanosomiasis. Antitrypanosomal design, mainly within structure-based design, led to the synthesis of 5-ene-4-thiazolidinone-3-alkanecarboxylic acids; 2,3-disubstituted 4-thiazolidinones; thiazolidinone-pyrazoline, phenylindole-thiazolidinone, and imidazothiadiazole-thiazolidinone hybrids; as well as 4-thiazolidinone-based fused heterocycles, especially thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazoles, and non-thiazolidinone compounds–namely, isothiocoumarine derivatives. Moreover, antitrypanosomal 4-thiazolidinones are of special interest in the search for new antimalarial and antileishmanial agents. Also many active anticancer agents among the abovementioned 4-thiazolidinones have been discovered

A Facile Synthesis and Anticancer Activity Evaluation of Spiro[Thiazolidinone-Isatin] Conjugates

The synthesis and evaluation of the anticancer activity of 3′-aryl-5′-arylidene-spiro[3H-indole-3,2′-thiazolidine]-2,4′(1H)-diones and spiro[3H-indole-3,2′-thi-azolidine]-2,4′(1H)-dione-3′-alkanoic acid esters were described. The structure of the compounds was determined by 1H and 13C NMR and their in vitro anticancer activity was tested in the National Cancer Institute. Among the tested compounds, (5′Z)-5′-(benzylidene)-3′-(4-chlorophenyl)spiro[3H-indole-3,2′-thia-zolidine]-2,4′(1H)-dione (IIa) and (5′Z)-3′-(4-chlorophenyl)-5′-[4-(1-methylethyl)-benzylidene]spiro[3H-indole-3,2′-thiazolidine]-2,4′(1H)-dione (IIb) were superior to other related compounds

4-Thiazolidinone derivative Les-3833 effectively inhibits viability of human melanoma cells through activating apoptotic mechanisms

Aim To evaluate cytotoxic action of 4-thiazolidinone derivative Les-3833 and study the mechanisms of its pro-apoptotic action toward human melanoma cells and human tumor cell lines of other tissue origin. Methods The effect of Les-3833 or doxorubicin on the viability of 9 cell lines was studied using MTT assay, while human melanoma cells of WM793 line were additionally examined using light and fluorescent microscopies for evaluating cytomorphological changes. The Western-blot and flow cytometric analyses were carried out to study signaling pathways of melanoma cell cycling and death. Results Les-3833 was the most efficient against melanoma cells. Its half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.22 μg/mL for WM793 cells and 0.3 μg/mL for SK-Mel- 28 melanoma cells. For human lung A549, breast MCF-7, colon HCT116, and ovarian SKOV3 carcinoma cell lines IC50 was in between 2.5 to >5.0 μg/mL. Les-3833 was relatively not toxic (IC50 > 5 μg/mL) for human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. Results of Annexin V/PI staining of melanoma cells and activation of caspase 3, PARP, MAPK, and EndoG protein suggest apoptosis in Les-3833-treated cells. Les- 3833 also induced ROS production in melanoma cells and their arrest in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle. Conclusion Novel 4-thiazolidinone derivative Les-3833 is effective against human melanoma cells in vitro, and such effect is tumor specific since it is much less pronounced in human carcinoma and leukemia cells. In melanoma cells Les-3833 induces apoptosis (morphological changes and increased pro-apoptotic proteins), ROS production, and arrest in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle

Cинтез та скринінг протисудомної активності нових 5-заміщених 2-іміно-4-тіазолідинонів

Aim. To synthesize 5-ene-4-thiazolidinones containing heterocyclic rings in the molecule as potential anticonvulsants, and screen their anticonvulsant activity on a model of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizures.Results and discussion. A straightforward and convenient synthesis of novel 5-ene-derivatives of thiazol/oxazole-bearing 4-thiazolidinones as possible anticonvulsant agents was performed. Compounds were characterized using methods of spectral analysis (1H NMR and LC-MS). 5-Chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde underwent the aminolysis on a chlorine atom by a molecule of monoethanolamine (MEA) in the Knoevenagel reaction with thiazole/oxazole-bearing 4-thiazolidinones. The preliminary screening of the anticonvulsant activity was performed for the compounds synthesized on the model of PTZ-induced seizures, and active derivatives were identified.Experimental part. Commercially available 2-aminothiazole and 5-methylisoxazol-3-amine were used as starting compounds for the synthesis of 2-chloro-N-(hetaryl)acetamides. The latter were transformed into thiazole/oxazole-bearing 4-thiazolidinones by the treatment with ammonium isothiocyanate. Modification at C5 position of the heterocycles synthesized was performed by the Knoevenagel reaction with aromatic/heteroaromatic aldehydes and MEA as a catalyst (either equimolar or 0.1 mol% amount) in the ethanol medium. The structure of novel derivatives was confirmed by 1H NMR and LC-MS spectra. The anticonvulsant activity of all derivatives synthesized was studied in vivo on the model of PTZ-induced seizures. Latency of the seizures, the number of clonic-tonic seizures in one mouse, the percent of animals with clonic and tonic seizures, the duration of the seizure period, and the lifetime of the animals before death were evaluated and calculated.Conclusions. The results obtained are promising for further design of potential anticonvulsants among oxazole-bearing 4-thiazolidones with the possible mechanism of the anticonvulsant action through the GABA-ergic impact and inhibition of the prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis. Мета. Синтезувати 5-ен-4-тіазолідинони з гетарильними фрагментами в молекулі як потенційні протисудомні засоби та провести скринінг їхньої протисудомної активності на моделі пентилентетразолових судом.Результати та їх обговорення. Проведено простий і зручний синтез нових 5-ен-похідних тіазол/оксазоловмісних 4-тіазолідинонів як потенційних протисудомних засобів. Структуру нових сполук досліджено та підтверджено методами спектрального аналізу (1Н ЯМР та LC-MS). 5-Хлор-3-метил-1-феніл-1H-піразол-4-карбальдегід зазнає амінолізу за атомом хлору дією моноетаноламіну (МЕА) в реакції Кньовенагеля з тіазол/оксазолвмісними 4-тіазолідінонами. Проведено первинний скринінг протисудомної активності синтезованих сполук на моделі пентилентетразол-індукованих судом та ідентифіковано активні сполуки.Експериментальна частина. Комерційно доступні 2-амінотіазол і 5-метилізоксазол-3-амін було використано як вихідні сполуки для одержання 2-хлор-N-(гетарил)ацетамідів. Останні обробленням амоній ізотіоціанатом було перетворено на тіазол/оксазолвмісні 4-тіазолідинони. Модифікацію за положенням С5 сполук проводили за реакцією Кньовенагеля з ароматичними/гетероароматичними альдегідами в присутності МЕА як каталізатора (в еквімолярній або 0,1 моль% кількості) в середовищі етанолу. Структуру нових синтезованих речовин підтверджено даними 1H ЯМР-спектроскопії та LC-MS. Протисудомну активність синтезованих похідних вивчали in vivo на моделі PTZ-індукованих судом. Оцінювали та розраховували латентність судом; кількість клоніко-тонічних судом в однієї миші; відсоток тварин із клонічними та тонічними судомами; тривалість судомного періоду та тривалість життя тварин.Висновки. Отримані результати є перспективними для наступного дизайну потенційних протисудомних засобів серед оксазолвмісних похідних 4-тіазолідинонів з можливим механізмом протисудомної дії через ГАМК-ергічний вплив та пригнічення синтезу простагландинів і лейкотриєнів

Putative anticancer potential of novel 4-thiazolidinone derivatives: cytotoxicity toward rat C6 glioma in vitro and correlation of general toxicity with the balance of free radical oxidation in rats

Aim To evaluate the cytotoxic action of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (ID 3288, ID 3882, and ID 3833) toward rat glioma C6 cells and to compare the effects of these compounds and doxorubicin on the balance of free radical oxidation (FRO) and antioxidant activity (AOA) in the serum of rats. Methods Glioma cells were treated with ID 3882, ID 3288, ID 3833, and doxorubicin, and their cytotoxicity was studied using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and Trypan blue exclusion test, light and fluorescent microscopy, and flow cytometric study of cell cycling and apoptosis, including measuring of Annexin V-positive cells. The contents of superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, malonic dialdehyde, and hydrogen sulfide were measured in the serum of rats. Enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and glutathione peroxydase (GPO) was determined. Results Among novel 4-thiazolidinone derivatives, ID 3288 was most toxic toward rat glioma C6 cells, even compared with doxorubicin. All applied derivatives were less active than doxorubicin in inducing reactive oxygen species-related indicators in the serum of rats. A similar effect was observed when enzymatic indicators of AOA processes were measured. While doxorubicin inhibited the activity of SOD, GPO, and Cat, the effects of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives were less prominent. Conclusion Novel 4-thiazolidinone derivatives differ in their antineoplastic action toward rat glioma C6 cells, and ID 3288 possesses the highest activity compared to doxorubicin. Measurement of indicators of FRO and AOA in the serum of rats treated with these compounds showed their lower general toxicity compared with doxorubicin’s toxicity

СИНТЕЗ ТА БІОЛОГІЧНА АКТИВНІСТЬ НОВИХ ПОХІДНИХ 5-АМІНОМЕТИЛЕН-2-ТІОКСОТІАЗОЛІДИН-4-ОНІВ

The aim of the work. Synthesis of 5-aminomethylene-2-thioxothiazolidine-4-ones derivatives as promising compounds for chemical transformations and pharmacological screening.Materials and methods. The key starting reagents synthesized by known methods from commercially available reagents. The NMR spectra of the synthesized compounds were taken on a Varian VXR-400 instrument, DMSO-d6 solvent, tetramethylsilane standard. LC-MS spectra were obtained on a Finnigan MAT INCOS-50 instrument. Elemental analysis for carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen content corresponds to the calculated (± 0.3%). The melting points were determined on a BŰCHI B-545 apparatus. The study of the antitripanosomal activity of compounds in vitro was carried out at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (France) and consisted in the determination of IC50 on the strain Trypanosoma brucei brucei (TBB). The study of antimicrobial activity in vitro was carried out by diffusion into agar. Determination of the antitumor activity of synthesized compounds was carried out within the framework of the international scientific program DTP (Developmental Therapeutic Program) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA).Results and discussion. Based on the previously proposed synthetic approach to 5-R,R'-aminomethylene-4-thiazolidinones, series of 5-aminomethylene-2-thioxothiazolidine-4-one derivatives were obtained. An effective method for the synthesis of 5-aminomethylene-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one was proposed based on the aminolysis of the corresponding 5-ethoxymethylene derivative under the action of ammonium hydrogen carbonate in an alcoholic medium. The reactivity of 5-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid in the aminolysis reaction with 5-ethoxymethylene-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one was investigated for the first time. The structure of synthesized compounds were confirmed by a complex of NMR and mass spectrometric methods. In vitro antitripanosomal, antimicrobial and antitumor activities of synthesized compounds were studied.Conclusions. Some synthetic methods were proposed and raw of original derivatives of 5-aminomethylene-2-thioxothiazolidine-4-one as promising reagents for chemical transformations and potential objects for pharmacological screening are obtained. Hit-compounds have been identified for the design of potential antitripanosomal and antimicrobial agents.Мета роботи. Синтез нових похідних 5-амінометилен-2-тіоксотіазолідин-4-онів як перспективних сполук для хімічних перетворень та фармакологічного скринінгу.Матеріали і методи. Ключові вихідні реагенти синтезовані за відомими методиками із комерційно доступних реактивів. Спектри ПМР одержаних сполук знімались на приладі Varian VXR-400, розчинник DMSO-d6, стандарт - тетраметилсилан. LC-MS спектри отримані на приладі Finnigan MAT INCOS-50. Дані елементного аналізу на вміст карбону, гідрогену та нітрогену відповідають розрахованим (±0,3%). Температуру плавлення визначали на приладі BŰCHI B-545. Вивчення протитрипаносомної активності сполук in vitro проводилося в Національному музеї історії природи (Франція) та полягало у визначенні інгібуючої концентрації ІС50 сполук на штамі Trypanosoma brucei brucei (TBB). Дослідження протимікробної активності іn vitro проводилося методом дифузії в агар. Визначення протипухлинної активності синтезованих сполук виконувалось у рамках міжнародної наукової програми DTP (Developmental Therapeutic Program) Національного інституту раку (NCI, Бетезда, Меріленд, США).Результати й обговорення. На основі раніше запропонованого синтетичного підходу до 5-R,R'- амінометиленпохідних-4-тіазолідинонів отримано серію 5-амінометилен-2-тіоксотіазолідин-4-онів (5-амінометил- енроданінів). Вперше запропоновано ефективний метод синтезу 5-амінометилен-2-тіоксотіазолідин-4-ону, який базується на амінолізі відповідного 5-етоксиметилензаміщеного при дії гідрокарбонату амонію в спиртовому середовищі. Вперше досліджено реакційну здатність 5-феніл-3,4-дигідро-2Н-піразол-3-карбонової кислоти в реакції амінолізу з 5-етоксиметилен-2-тіоксотіазолідин-4-оном. Структура синтезованих сполук підтверджена комплексом методів ЯМР- та мас-спектрометрій. Досліджено in vitro антитрипаносомну, протимікробну та протипухлинну активність синтезованих сполук.Висновки. Запропоновано методи синтезу та отримано ряд оригінальних похідних з 5-амінометиленроданіновим каркасом як перспективних реагентів для хімічних перетворень та потенційних об’єктів для фармакологічного скринінгу. Ідентифіковано сполуки-хіти для дизайну потенційних антитрипаносомних та протимікробних агентів