Spectral variability in celestial X-ray sources.

The Ariel-6 spacecraft was launched during 1979 and remained operational for ∼ 3 years. The satellite payload is discussed, with an emphasis on the medium energy detectors, their calibration and performance. We present observations of spectral variability, in both galactic and extra-galactic sources, made with this instrument in the 1-50 keV energy range. Three galactic sources were observed, these consisted of two X-ray pulsators, 4U0115+63 and GX 1+4; the former being fortuitously seen during outburst. Both sources were found to show a significant phase dependence in their X-ray spectra. In GX 1+4 an Iron emission feature was detected, the equivalent width of which was also phase dependent. Pulse timing was performed on the data from both sources and in the case of 4U0115+63 yields a revised set of orbital parameters. The third galactic source presented is 3A1822-371, we find that our data are not only consistent with the presence of an accretion disc corona in the system, but strongly suggests the presence of such a corona in many disc fed systems. Three Seyfert galaxies, NGC 4151, MCG 8-11-11 and IIIZw2 were observed, this being the first reported X-ray spectrum of IIIZw2. NGC 4151 was found to have a spectrum consistent with that seen ∼ 3 years earlier, whilst MCG 8-11-11 was softer than seen hitherto and now shows evidence for an Iron emission line. The BL Lac, Mkn 421 was found to have a two component spectrum; comparison with earlier reported spectra indicates that both components vary independently of each other and therefore arise in physically differing regions of the source. Finally a forward-look is made which considers the improvements in medium energy spectroscopy that can be anticipated over the next decade or so

A record of continental collision and regional sediment flux for the Cretaceous and Palaeogene core of SE Asia: implications for early Cenozoic palaeogeography

<p>Palaeogene sedimentary rocks exposed in West Java were derived from local volcanic sources and central Sundaland, the continental core of SE Asia. Detrital zircons from seven sandstone samples contain U–Pb age populations with ages of 50–80 Ma, 74–145 Ma, 202–298 Ma, 480–653 Ma and 723–1290 Ma. Late Cretaceous and Palaeogene zircons in Middle Eocene forearc sandstones are interpreted as derived from two spatially and temporally discrete volcanic arcs located in Java and Sulawesi respectively. In contrast, all other populations have a Sundaland provenance. Most Permian–Triassic zircons were derived from granites of this age in the SE Asian Tin Belt. Mid-Cretaceous zircons in all Upper Eocene and Lower Oligocene formations were derived from the Schwaner Mountains of SW Borneo. The differences in zircon populations reflect changing Sundaland sources with time. In the Middle Eocene, sediment was derived mainly from the Tin Belt. From the Late Eocene onwards a Borneo source became more important. Older zircon ages are from SE Asia basement that once formed part of Gondwana. Zircons also record the timing of microcontinental collision at the Java margin (<em>c</em>. 80 Ma) that halted Cretaceous subduction and probably resulted in the elevation of large parts of continental SE Asia. </p

BEAST nex files

The ZIP folder contains all nex files used for the single gene BEAST analyses according to dataset numbers in the publicatio

Detrital zircon and heavy mineral provenance from the Palu Formation, Sulawesi, Indonesia: constraints on exhumation of the Palu Metamorphic Complex and drainage evolution

Supplementary File 1. Observation locations

Detrital zircon and heavy mineral provenance from the Palu Formation, Sulawesi, Indonesia: constraints on exhumation of the Palu Metamorphic Complex and drainage evolution

Supplementary File 2. Heavy mineral point counting

Detrital zircon and heavy mineral provenance from the Palu Formation, Sulawesi, Indonesia: constraints on exhumation of the Palu Metamorphic Complex and drainage evolution

Supplementary File 3. Data table for LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon analysis and zircon morphology observation of sample ES13-255 (Palu Formation)

MOESM2 of Engineering de novo anthocyanin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Additional file 2. Growth and production time courses of extracellular product formation in S. cerevisiae strains PATW002, PATW011, and PATW012 in shake flask cultures. The strains were grown in shake-flasks with 50 mL SMNar (1.5 mM naringenin) and the OD600 and extracellular metabolite concentration of dihydrokaempferol (DHK), kaempferol and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (K3G) expressed in ¾M were measured by HPLC in supernatant of cultures in time

MOESM1 of Engineering de novo anthocyanin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Additional file 1. Detection of leucopelargonidin in S. cerevisiae strains IMX106-F and IMX106-FD. Leucopelargonidin is visible as a red-coloured band within the isoamyl alcohol phase after treatment with acidified butanol

MOESM4 of Engineering de novo anthocyanin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Additional file 4. LC–MS chromatograms of cell pellet extracts of S. cerevisiae strains PATW076 and IMK393. The strains were grown in a bioreactor and biomass samples were taken after the reconsumption of ethanol. Pelargonidin and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside (P3G) were found in the PATW076 sample. Chromatogram characteristics: (A) m/z range 433.111-433.115, (B) m/z range 271.055-271.065

MOESM5 of Engineering de novo anthocyanin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Additional file 5. Table with primers used in this study. Table with primers used in this study