Cattle handling technique can induce fatigued cattle syndrome in cattle not fed a beta adrenergic agonist

Citation: Frese, D. A., Reinhardt, C. D., Bartle, S. J., Rethorst, D. N., Hutcheson, J. P., Nichols, W. T., . . . Thomson, D. U. (2016). Cattle handling technique can induce fatigued cattle syndrome in cattle not fed a beta adrenergic agonist. Journal of Animal Science, 94(2), 581-591. doi:10.2527/jas2015-9824Angus crossbred steers (n = 40; 563 +/- 44 kg) were used to examine the effects of handling method and fat thickness on the blood chemistry and physiology of market steers. Steers were blocked by backfat (BF) thickness and were randomly assigned to treatment groups: low-stress handling (LSH) and aggressive handling (AH). Cattle were then ran-domly assigned to one of 5 blocks containing 4 steers from the LSH and AH treatments. Steers in the LSH treatment were walked and AH cattle were run through a course of 1,540 m. Blood samples were obtained via jugular venipuncture before handling (BASE), at 770 m (LAP1), at 1,540 m (LAP2), and at1 h (1H) and 2 h (2H) after finishing the course. Blood samples were analyzed for plasma lactate (LAC), creatinine kinase (CK), base excess (BE), blood pH (pH), serum cortisol (CORT) concentrations, and venous carbon dioxide (PvCO2) and oxygen (PvO2) pressures. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and rectal temperature (TEMP) were measured at the same intervals. Cattle in the AH treatment had greater (P 0.14). Blood pH in AH cattle was decreased compared with that in LSH cattle (P 0.13) at BASE, 1H, or 2H. Heart rate and TEMP were increased in AH cattle compared to LSH (P > 0.01). Serum cortisol was increased (P < 0.05) in AH compared to that in LSH cattle at LAP1 (87.5 vs. 58.9 nmol/ L), LAP2 (144.4 vs. 93.1 nmol/ L), and 1H (113.5 vs. 53.1 nmol/ L). Although RR was not differ-ent between LSH and AH, PvCO2 was decreased in AH compared to that in LSH (P < 0.05) at LAP2 (30.6 vs. 39.3 mmHg) and PvO2 was increased at LAP1 (42.7 vs. 33.5 mmHg) and at LAP2 (51.5 vs. 36.6 mmHg). Lactate was increased in AH cattle in the thicker BF group at 1H (P < 0.05), and blood pH was decreased at LAP1, LAP2, and 1H (P < 0.05) compared to the thinner BF cohorts. Four AH steers became exhausted (EXH) and did not complete the course. Increased CK, decreased PvCO2, and muscle tremors occurred in EXH steers compared to non-exhausted AH cohorts. Results of this study show that AH causes physiologic and blood chemistry changes in steers, which can be potentially detrimental to cattle, emphasizing the need for lowstress handling practices

Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dosed Exercise (STRIDE) - CTN 0037: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: There is a need for novel approaches to the treatment of stimulant abuse and dependence. Clinical data examining the use of exercise as a treatment for the abuse of nicotine, alcohol, and other substances suggest that exercise may be a beneficial treatment for stimulant abuse, with direct effects on decreased use and craving. In addition, exercise has the potential to improve other health domains that may be adversely affected by stimulant use or its treatment, such as sleep disturbance, cognitive function, mood, weight gain, quality of life, and anhedonia, since it has been shown to improve many of these domains in a number of other clinical disorders. Furthermore, neurobiological evidence provides plausible mechanisms by which exercise could positively affect treatment outcomes. The current manuscript presents the rationale, design considerations, and study design of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Clinical Trials Network (CTN) CTN-0037 Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dosed Exercise (STRIDE) study. Methods/Design: STRIDE is a multisite randomized clinical trial that compares exercise to health education as potential treatments for stimulant abuse or dependence. This study will evaluate individuals diagnosed with stimulant abuse or dependence who are receiving treatment in a residential setting. Three hundred and thirty eligible and interested participants who provide informed consent will be randomized to one of two treatment arms: Vigorous Intensity High Dose Exercise Augmentation (DEI) or Health Education Intervention Augmentation (HEI). Both groups will receive TAU (i.e., usual care). The treatment arms are structured such that the quantity of visits is similar to allow for equivalent contact between groups. In both arms, participants will begin with supervised sessions 3 times per week during the 12-week acute phase of the study. Supervised sessions will be conducted as one-on-one (i.e., individual) sessions, although other participants may be exercising at the same time. Following the 12-week acute phase, participants will begin a 6-month continuation phase during which time they will attend one weekly supervised DEI or HEI session

Qualitative inquiry with persons with obesity about weight management in primary care and referrals

IntroductionReferrals to evidence-based weight management in the community-commercial sector are aligned with clinical recommendations but underutilized.MethodsThis qualitative study explored patients’ perceptions and expectations about obesity treatment in primary care and referral to community-commercial sector programs. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of US persons with obesity via telephone. Audiotape transcripts, interviewer notes, and independent review of data by two investigators allowed for data and investigator triangulation. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsData saturation was reached with 30 participants who had a mean age of 41.6 years (SD 9.4), 37% male, 20% Black/African American and 17% Hispanic, 57% college educated, and 50% were employed full-time. Three primary themes emerged: (1) frustration with weight management in primary care; (2) patients expect providers to be better informed of and offer treatment options; and (3) opportunities and challenges with referrals to community-commercial programs.DiscussionPatients expect that providers offer personalized treatment options and referrals to effective community-commercial programs are an acceptable option. If patient-level data are shared between clinical and community entities to facilitate referrals, then privacy and security issues need attention. Future research is needed to determine feasibility of implementing clinical to community-commercial referrals for obesity treatment in the United States

Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dosed Exercise (STRIDE) - CTN 0037: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is a need for novel approaches to the treatment of stimulant abuse and dependence. Clinical data examining the use of exercise as a treatment for the abuse of nicotine, alcohol, and other substances suggest that exercise may be a beneficial treatment for stimulant abuse, with direct effects on decreased use and craving. In addition, exercise has the potential to improve other health domains that may be adversely affected by stimulant use or its treatment, such as sleep disturbance, cognitive function, mood, weight gain, quality of life, and anhedonia, since it has been shown to improve many of these domains in a number of other clinical disorders. Furthermore, neurobiological evidence provides plausible mechanisms by which exercise could positively affect treatment outcomes. The current manuscript presents the rationale, design considerations, and study design of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Clinical Trials Network (CTN) CTN-0037 Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dosed Exercise (STRIDE) study.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>STRIDE is a multisite randomized clinical trial that compares exercise to health education as potential treatments for stimulant abuse or dependence. This study will evaluate individuals diagnosed with stimulant abuse or dependence who are receiving treatment in a residential setting. Three hundred and thirty eligible and interested participants who provide informed consent will be randomized to one of two treatment arms: Vigorous Intensity High Dose Exercise Augmentation (DEI) or Health Education Intervention Augmentation (HEI). Both groups will receive TAU (i.e., usual care). The treatment arms are structured such that the quantity of visits is similar to allow for equivalent contact between groups. In both arms, participants will begin with supervised sessions 3 times per week during the 12-week acute phase of the study. Supervised sessions will be conducted as one-on-one (i.e., individual) sessions, although other participants may be exercising at the same time. Following the 12-week acute phase, participants will begin a 6-month continuation phase during which time they will attend one weekly supervised DEI or HEI session.</p> <p>Clinical Trials Registry</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov, <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01141608">NCT01141608</a></p> <p><url>http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01141608?term=Stimulant+Reduction+Intervention+using+Dosed+Exercise&rank=1</url></p

« Conversations on Choregraphy »

International audienceThe “Conversations on Choreography” is a series of ongoing discussions of contemporary dance making with a focus on European contexts that were hold from 1999 till 2002. It did not function in the traditional format of a conference or a symposium, but was seeking innovative ways of organising contexts for dialogue and exchange. Keeping the practice of choreography close to the centre of the discussions and debates was essential to the aims of this extended discussion. Invited contributors were writers, educators, dramaturges, choreographers, performers, critics, organisers and researchers. Curated and organized by Scott DeLahunta, the core group included Isabelle Ginot, Myriam Van Imschoot, Andre Lepecki and Diana Theodores. This article is the closing step of the series, produced in a residency group project in Bellagio in 2002

« Conversations on Choregraphy »

International audienceThe “Conversations on Choreography” is a series of ongoing discussions of contemporary dance making with a focus on European contexts that were hold from 1999 till 2002. It did not function in the traditional format of a conference or a symposium, but was seeking innovative ways of organising contexts for dialogue and exchange. Keeping the practice of choreography close to the centre of the discussions and debates was essential to the aims of this extended discussion. Invited contributors were writers, educators, dramaturges, choreographers, performers, critics, organisers and researchers. Curated and organized by Scott DeLahunta, the core group included Isabelle Ginot, Myriam Van Imschoot, Andre Lepecki and Diana Theodores. This article is the closing step of the series, produced in a residency group project in Bellagio in 2002

Compte-rendu du 1er symposium sur la production de viande bovine en Chine

Le centre de recherche sur la production de viande bovine de l’Université d’Agriculture de Chine a organisé le p remier Symp osium sur la production de viande bovine en Chine qui a eu lieu les 26-28 Juin 2015 à Pékin (http://www.bovine-online.org) avec pour thèmes la nutrition animale, l’alimentation des bovins et l’économie de la filière. Différents chercheurs des États-Unis, du Canada, d'Australie, de France, du Danemark, et de la FAO ont été invités comme conférenciers p rincip aux. L’objectif de ce colloque était de p résenter les concepts et les pratiques de pointe en matière de production de viande bovine afin de promouvoir la modernisation de l'industrie de la filière viande bovine en Chine. Il y eu environ 500 participants à ce colloque, parmi lesquels 60% étaient des professionnels de la filière, 20% des étudiants, 10% des fonctionnaires du gouvernement local, et 10% des professeurs d'université. Une interprétation simultanée anglais / chinois a été assurée lors de la conférence. Ce symposium a été sponsorisé par le centre de recherche sur la production de viande bovine de l’Université d’Agriculture de Chine et le Centre Sino-Français de recherche et de développement de la production de viande bovine. Cet article est une compilation des résumés des conférences plénières par les conférenciers invités, qui ont été préalablement publiés dans le Journal Chinois des Sciences Animales (Juin 2015, Volume 51).The Beef Cattle Research Center of China Agricultural University has organized the First Symposium on the Chinese National Beef Cattle Nutrition, Feeding and Industry Economics in June, 2015 in Beijing (http://www.bovine-online.org). Experts from the United States, Canada, Australia, France, Denmark, and FAO of the United Nations have been invited to give plenary lectures at the Symposium. The goal of this Symposium was to introduce advanced concepts and practices in beef cattle to China and promote the modernization of China’s beef cattle industry. There was approximately 500 participants to the Symposium, among which 60% are from industry, 20% are graduate students, 10% are local government officials, and 10% are university professors. Chinese/English simultaneous interpretation has been provided during the conference. This symposium has been sponsored by the Beef Cattle Research Center of China Agricultural University and the China-France Center for Beef Cattle Research and Development. This article are abstracts of the plenary lectures by experts from the United States, Canada, Australia, France, Denmark, and FAO of the United Nations, which have been previously published in Chinese Journal of Animal Science (June 2015, volume 51)