15 research outputs found
Towards a regional ocean forecasting system for the IBI (Iberia-Biscay-Ireland area): developments and improvements within the ECOOP project framework
The regional ocean operational system remains a key element in downscaling from large scale (global or basin scale) systems to coastal ones. It enables the transition between systems in which the resolution and the resolved physics are quite different. Indeed, coastal applications need a system to predict local high frequency events (inferior to the day) such as storm surges, while deep sea applications need a system to predict large scale lower frequency ocean features. In the framework of the ECOOP project, a regional system for the Iberia-Biscay-Ireland area has been upgraded from an existing V0 version to a V2. This paper focuses on the improvements from the V1 system, for which the physics are close to a large scale basin system, to the V2 for which the physics are more adapted to shelf and coastal issues. Strong developments such as higher regional physics resolution in the NEMO Ocean General Circulation Model for tides, non linear free surface and adapted vertical mixing schemes among others have been implemented in the V2 version. Thus, regional thermal fronts due to tidal mixing now appear in the latest version solution and are quite well positioned. Moreover, simulation of the stratification in shelf areas is also improved in the V2
Modelling turbulent vertical mixing sensitivity using a 1-D version of NEMO
Through two numerical experiments, a 1-D vertical model called NEMO1D was
used to investigate physical and numerical turbulent-mixing behaviour. The
results show that all the turbulent closures tested (<i>k</i>+</i>l</i> from Blanke and
Delecluse, 1993, and two equation models: generic length scale closures from
Umlauf and Burchard, 2003) are able to correctly reproduce the classical
test of Kato and Phillips (1969) under favourable numerical conditions while
some solutions may diverge depending on the degradation of the spatial and
time discretization. The performances of turbulence models were then
compared with data measured over a 1-year period (mid-2010 to mid-2011) at
the PAPA station, located in the North Pacific Ocean. The modelled
temperature and salinity were in good agreement with the observations, with
a maximum temperature error between â2 and 2 °C
during the stratified period (June to October). However, the results also
depend on the numerical conditions. The vertical RMSE varied, for different
turbulent closures, from 0.1 to 0.3 °C during the
stratified period and from 0.03 to 0.15 °C during the
homogeneous period. This 1-D configuration at the PAPA station (called
PAPA1D) is now available in NEMO as a reference configuration including the
input files and atmospheric forcing set described in this paper. Thus, all
the results described can be recovered by downloading and launching PAPA1D.
The configuration is described on the NEMO site (<a href="http://www.nemo-ocean.eu/Using-NEMO/Configurations/C1D_PAPA">http://www.nemo-ocean.eu/Using-NEMO/Configurations/C1D_PAPA</a>). This
package is a good starting point for further investigation of vertical
processes
References
www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/7/5249/2014/ doi:10.5194/gmdd-7-5249-2014 © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Geoscientific Model Development (GMD). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in GMD if available. Modelling turbulent vertical mixing sensitivity using a 1-D version of NEM
Evaluation of an operational ocean model configuration at 1/12° spatial resolution for the Indonesian seas (NEMO2.3/INDO12) â Part 2: Biogeochemistry
In the framework of the
INDESO (Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography) project, an operational ocean forecasting system was developed
to monitor the state of the Indonesian seas in terms of circulation,
biogeochemistry and fisheries. This forecasting system combines a suite of
numerical models connecting physical and biogeochemical variables to
population dynamics of large marine predators (tunas). The
physicalâbiogeochemical coupled component (the INDO12BIO configuration)
covers a large region extending from the western Pacific Ocean to the
eastern Indian Ocean at 1/12° horizontal resolution. The
NEMO-OPA (Nucleus for European Model of the Ocean)
physical ocean model and the PISCES (Pelagic Interactions Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies) biogeochemical model are running
simultaneously ("online" coupling), at the same resolution. The
operational global ocean forecasting system (1/4°) operated by
Mercator Océan provides the physical forcing, while climatological open
boundary conditions are prescribed for the biogeochemistry.<br><br>
This paper describes the skill assessment of the INDO12BIO configuration.
Model skill is assessed by evaluating a reference hindcast simulation
covering the last 8 years (2007â2014). Model results are compared to
satellite, climatological and in situ observations. Diagnostics are performed on
nutrients, oxygen, chlorophyll <i>a</i>, net primary production and
mesozooplankton.<br><br>
The model reproduces large-scale distributions of nutrients, oxygen,
chlorophyll <i>a</i>, net primary production and mesozooplankton biomasses. Modelled
vertical distributions of nutrients and oxygen are comparable to in situ data sets
although gradients are slightly smoothed. The model simulates realistic
biogeochemical characteristics of North Pacific tropical waters entering in
the archipelago. Hydrodynamic transformation of water masses across the
Indonesian archipelago allows for conserving nitrate and oxygen vertical
distribution close to observations, in the Banda Sea and at the exit of the
archipelago. While the model overestimates the mean surface chlorophyll <i>a</i>,
the seasonal cycle is in phase with satellite estimations, with higher
chlorophyll <i>a</i> concentrations in the southern part of the archipelago during
the SE monsoon and in the northern part during the NW monsoon. The time series of
chlorophyll <i>a</i> anomalies suggests that meteorological and ocean physical
processes that drive the interannual variability of biogeochemical
properties in the Indonesian region are reproduced by the model
Evaluation of an operational ocean model configuration at 1/12° spatial resolution for the Indonesian seas (NEMO2.3/INDO12) – Part 1: Ocean physics
INDO12 is a 1/12° regional version of the NEMO physical ocean
model covering the whole Indonesian EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone). It has been developed and is
now running every week in the framework of the INDESO (Infrastructure Development of Space
Oceanography) project
implemented by the Indonesian Ministry of
Marine Affairs and Fisheries.<br><br>
The initial hydrographic conditions as well as open-boundary
conditions are derived from the operational global ocean forecasting
system at 1/4° operated by Mercator Océan. Atmospheric
forcing fields (3-hourly ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast) analyses) are used to force the
regional model. INDO12 is also forced by tidal currents and
elevations, and by the inverse barometer effect. The turbulent
mixing induced by internal tides is taken into account through
a specific parameterisation. In this study we evaluate the model
skill through comparisons with various data sets including outputs of
the parent model, climatologies, in situ temperature and salinity
measurements, and satellite data. The biogeochemical
model results assessment is presented in a companion paper
(Gutknecht et al., 2015).<br><br>
The simulated and altimeter-derived Eddy Kinetic Energy fields
display similar patterns and confirm that tides are a dominant
forcing in the area. The volume transport of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF) is in good agreement with the INSTANT
estimates while the transport through Luzon Strait is, on average,
westward but probably too weak. Compared to
satellite data, surface salinity and temperature fields display
marked biases in the South China Sea. Significant water mass
transformation occurs along the main routes of the ITF
and compares well with observations. Vertical
mixing is able to modify the South and North Pacific subtropical
water-salinity maximum as seen in <i>T</i>â<i>S</i> diagrams.<br><br>
In spite of a few weaknesses, INDO12 proves to be able to provide a very realistic
simulation of the ocean circulation and water mass transformation
through the Indonesian Archipelago.
Work is ongoing to reduce or eliminate the remaining problems in
the second INDO12 version
Forecasting the mixed-layer depth in the Northeast Atlantic: an ensemble approach, with uncertainties based on data from operational ocean forecasting systems
Operational systems operated by Mercator Ocean provide daily ocean forecasts,
and combining these forecasts we can produce ensemble forecast and
uncertainty estimates. This study focuses on the mixed-layer depth in the
Northeast Atlantic near the Porcupine Abyssal Plain for May 2013. This
period is of interest for several reasons: (1) four Mercator Ocean
operational systems provide daily forecasts at a horizontal resolution of
1/4, 1/12 and 1/36° with different physics; (2) glider deployment
under the OSMOSIS project provides observation of the changes in mixed-layer
depth; (3) the ocean stratifies in May, but mixing events induced by gale
force wind are observed and forecast by the systems. Statistical scores and
forecast error quantification for each system and for the combined products
are presented. Skill scores indicate that forecasts are consistently better
than persistence, and temporal correlations between forecast and observations
are greater than 0.8 even for the 4-day forecast. The impact of atmospheric
forecast error, and for the wind field in particular (miss or time delay of a
wind burst forecast), is also quantified in terms of occurrence and intensity
of mixing or stratification events
NEMO on the shelf: assessment of the Iberia-Biscay-Ireland configuration.
International audienceThis work describes the design and validation of a high-resolution (1/36°) ocean forecasting model over the "Iberian-Biscay-Irish" (IBI) area. The system has been set-up using the NEMO model (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean). New developments have been incorporated in NEMO to make it suitable to open- as well as coastal-ocean modelling. In this paper, we pursue three main objectives: (1) to give an overview of the model configuration used for the simulations; (2) to give a broad-brush account of one particular aspect of this work, namely consistency verification; this type of validation is conducted upstream of the implementation of the system before it is used for production and routinely validated; it is meant to guide model development in identifying gross deficiencies in the modelling of several key physical processes; and (3) to show that such a regional modelling system has potential as a complement to patchy observations (an integrated approach) to give information on non-observed physical quantities and to provide links between observations by identifying broader-scale patterns and processes. We concentrate on the year 2008. We first provide domain-wide consistency verification results in terms of barotropic tides, transports, sea surface temperature and stratification. We then focus on two dynamical subregions: the Celtic shelves and the Bay of Biscay slope and deep regions. The model-data consistency is checked for variables and processes such as tidal currents, tidal fronts, internal tides and residual elevation. We also examine the representation in the model of a seasonal pattern of the Bay of Biscay circulation: the warm extension of the Iberian Poleward Current along the northern Spanish coast (Navidad event) in the winter of 2007-2008
LE SERVICE OPĂRATIONNEL CMEMS IBI-MFC AUJOURD'HUI : EXAMEN DES PRINCIPALES RĂALISATIONS AU COURS DE LA PHASE DE SERVICE DE COPERNICUS-1 (2015-2021)
International audienceThe CMEMS IBI-MFC (Iberia-Biscay-Ireland Monitoring & Forecasting Centre) delivers daily ocean model forecasts, analysis and reanalysis of different physical and biogeochemical parameters for the Atlantic façade, supporting all kind of marine applications. Along Copernicus-1, this IBI operational service has continuously evolved, upgrading both its forecast capabilities (in 2015, only a circulation forecast in place; today, 3 operational services, including waves and biogeochemical forecasts) and its multi-Year production (covering altimetric era with ocean and wave reanalysis products, together with a non-assimilative biogeochemical hindcast). The main IBIMFC operational achievements and product upgrades are here reviewed. An overview of main IBI service milestones, in terms of both operational production (with inclusion of new variables, increase of product resolution and temporal frequency, extension of forecast horizons and reanalysis coverages) and product quality enhancement is provided. The IBI model applications are routinely validated through meaningful skill scores and a wide range of statistical metrics computed to quantitatively assess the quality and reliability of these model solutions. The CMEMS IBI-MFC delivers today a reliable operational service, meeting user needs for a widespread end-user community (with strong IBI-ROOS connections and marked by a high number of âregularâ operational users linked to downstream services). The IBI-MFC service is expected to be upgraded, already in a Copernicus-2 context, and major guidelines of the roadmap are here outlined