Storage of Kluyveromyces Fragilis Yeast Cultures for Use as "Starters" in Cottage Cheese Whey Fermentations

Food Scienc

Performance Humorística: A Produção De Um Estereótipo De Falante Alemão-rondonense

The focus of this study is the city of Marechal Cândido Rondon, located in the west of Paraná, which was populated in 1950, in most, by German immigrants and descendants, who came from different regions of Germany and European countries, whose spoken language is/was German. The main goal of this paper is to think and to analyze how the sociolinguistic performance of a local humorist reproduces the stereotype of a "German settler", having as a corpus a TV advertising in which the character talks about the prevention of dengue. Known in many regions of Brazil, the humorist does a negotiation of German identity, using phonological, lexical, thematic and symbolic strategies, which can stigmatize the German speaking and, besides, the German speakers. Thus, at first, in this paper, it will be presented some considerations about how the historical relation between Germans and Brazil had intensified with the German immigration, which begun effectively in 1824, and how the process of the German colonization has happened in Marechal Cândido Rondon. After the presentation of the historical facts, it will be showed, from the viewpoint of sociolinguistics and linguistic variation, the performance of this character and its relation to the German local community. As a result, the reproduction of symbolic violence occurs with speakers of that minority social group, homogenizing them, and taking their listeners to laughter by the association of the way of speaking to a stereotypical representation of German settler, thick, uneducated, without valued knowledge. In conclusion, the recognition of the diversity of the social aspects of German culture and language is constituted as one of the goals for the development of local bilingualism and the reduction of stigma in the macro-region of German-Portuguese speakers.14219920

Green Nanochemistry:Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Porous Thin Films from Bare Metal Powders

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A universal, simple, robust, widely applicable and cost-effective aqueous process is described for a controlled oxidative dissolution process of micrometer-sized metal powders to form high-purity aqueous dispersions of colloidally stable 3-8 nm metal oxide nanoparticles. Their utilization for making single and multilayer optically transparent high-surface-area nanoporous films is demonstrated. This facile synthesis is anticipated to find numerous applications in materials science, engineering, and nanomedicine. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Neonatal exposure to xenobiotic estrogen alters the adult immune response and exacerbates endometriosis in mice [abstract]

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Susan C. Nagel, Obstetrics/Gynecology, and Women's HealthAbstract only availableEndometriosis is a common medical condition affecting 5-10% of women worldwide, and results in severe cramps, pelvic pain, and infertility. The cause of the disease is still unknown. Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue, which escapes into the peritoneal cavity via retrograde menstruation, adheres to other tissues in the cavity and causes irritated, inflamed lesions. Studies have suggested that the risk of developing endometriosis increases in women who have been exposed to xenobiotic (foreign to the body) estrogens during developmental stages of life. Thus, it is our hypothesis that programming of the immune system by xenoestrogens during development could potentially exacerbate endometriosis. This could occur by altering the peritoneal environment and/or the invading endometrial tissue. Therefore, it is our goal to study the effects of neonatal xenoestrogen exposure on the immune system; and ultimately, on the establishment of endometriosis in adulthood. In order to study this response, we dosed two strains of mice (CD1 and C57) with xenobiotic estrogens on postnatal days 2-14. In experiment A, CD1 mice were dosed with vehicle control (corn oil), 20 µg/kg/day, or 200 µg/kg/day bisphenol A. In experiment B, C57 mice were dosed with a vehicle control (corn oil) or 0.1 µg/kg/day diethylstilbestrol. At 8 weeks of age, endometriosis was induced in each strain via both a surgical induction and an injection technique. At 12 weeks, the endometriotic implants were counted and weighed to determine which mice had a greater susceptibility to the condition. Our next objective will be to analyze peritoneal fluid from the treated mice to identify key immune functions (for example, the release of certain cytokines) that may have been programmed by developmental xenoestrogen exposure.Endometriosis is a common medical condition affecting 5-10% of women worldwide, and results in severe cramps, pelvic pain, and infertility.  The cause of the disease is still unknown.  Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue, which escapes into the peritoneal cavity via retrograde menstruation, adheres to other tissues in the cavity and causes irritated, inflamed lesions.  Studies have suggested that the risk of developing endometriosis increases in women who have been exposed to xenobiotic (foreign to the body) estrogens during developmental stages of life.  Thus, it is our hypothesis that programming of the immune system by xenoestrogens during development could potentially exacerbate endometriosis.  This could occur by altering the peritoneal environment and/or the invading endometrial tissue.  Therefore, it is our goal to study the effects of neonatal xenoestrogen exposure on the immune system; and ultimately, on the establishment of endometriosis in adulthood.  In order to study this response, we dosed two strains of mice (CD1 and C57) with xenobiotic estrogens on postnatal days 2-14.  In experiment A, CD1 mice were dosed with vehicle control (corn oil), 20 µg/kg/day, or 200 µg/kg/day bisphenol A.  In experiment B, C57 mice were dosed with a vehicle control (corn oil) or 0.1 µg/kg/day diethylstilbestrol.  At 8 weeks of age, endometriosis was induced in each strain via both a surgical induction and an injection technique.  At 12 weeks, the endometriotic implants were counted and weighed to determine which mice had a greater susceptibility to the condition.  Our next objective will be to analyze peritoneal fluid from the treated mice to identify key immune functions (for example, the release of certain cytokines) that may have been programmed by developmental xenoestrogen exposure

From bare metal powders to colloidally stable TCO dispersions and transparent nanoporous conducting metal oxide thin films

A simple, green, robust, widely applicable, multi-gram and cost-effective 'one-pot' synthesis of aqueous dispersions of colloidally stable 3-6 nm TCO NPs using bare metal powder precursors is described, and their utilization for making TCO high surface area nanoporous films is also demonstrated, which speaks well for their usage in a wide range of possible processes and devices. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Neonatal exposure to xenobiotic estrogen may alter the adult immune response and exacerbate endometriosis in mice [abstract]

Abstract only availableEndometriosis is a common medical condition affecting 5-10% of women worldwide and often results in severe cramps, pelvic pain, and infertility. The condition occurs when endometrial tissue, which escapes into the peritoneal cavity via retrograde menstruation, adheres to peritoneal cavity tissues and causes irritated, inflamed lesions. Studies have suggested that the risk of developing endometriosis increases in women who have been exposed to xenobiotic (foreign to the body) estrogens during development. This could be due to developmental programming of the peritoneal environment, and specifically, an altered immune function within this environment. Therefore, it is our hypothesis that developmental programming by xenoestrogens alters the immune response to shed endometrial tissue and exacerbates endometriosis. To better understand the role of xenoestrogens in immune programming, we are conducting our studies using a mouse model of surgically induced endometriosis. In particular, we are concentrating on two major aspects of immunity: 1) the presence of immune cells and 2) the function of those cells. Our study of the former is being largely performed using methods of immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC allows us to quantify the macrophages present in the peritoneal fluid of experimental mice (exposed to diethylstilbestrol) versus control mice (no xenoestrogen exposure). In order to study our second focus, immune cell function, we are using a cytokine antibody array to determine the relative cytokine concentrations in the peritoneal fluid samples. By identifying the degree to which certain cytokine concentrations differ, we hope to better understand the effect of xenoestrogen exposure on immune cell function.Life Sciences Undergraduate Research Opportunity Progra

From Bare Metal Powders to Colloidally Stable TCO Dispersions and Transparent Nanoporous Conducting Metal Oxide Thin Films

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A simple, green, robust, widely applicable, multi-gram and cost-effective 'one-pot' synthesis of aqueous dispersions of colloidally stable 3-6 nm TCO NPs using bare metal powder precursors is described, and their utilization for making TCO high surface area nanoporous films is also demonstrated, which speaks well for their usage in a wide range of possible processes and devices. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

The increased utilization of one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 and titanate nanowires (TNWs) in various applications was the motivation behind studying their stability in this work, given that stability greatly influences both the success of the application and the environmental impact. Due to their high abundance in aqueous environments and their rich technological applicability, surfactants are among the most interesting compounds used for tailoring the stability. The aim of this paper is to determine the influence of surfactant molecular structure on TNW stability/aggregation behavior in water and aqueous NaBr solution by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering. To accomplish this, two structurally different quaternary ammonium surfactants (monomeric DTAB and the corresponding dimeric 12-2-12) at monomer and micellar concentrations were used to investigate TNW stability in water and NaBr. It was shown that TNWs are relatively stable in Milli-Q water. However, the addition of NaBr induces aggregation, especially as the TNW mass concentration increases. DTAB and 12-2-12 adsorb on TNW surfaces as a result of the superposition of favorable electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. As expected, the interaction of TNWs with 12-2-12 was stronger than with DTAB, due to the presence of two positively charged head groups and two hydrophobic tails. As a consequence of the higher adsorption of 12-2-12, TNWs remained stable in both media, while DTAB showed an opposite behavior. In order to gain more insight into changes in the surface properties after surfactant adsorption on the TNW surface, a surface complexation model was employed. With this first attempt to quantify the contribution of the surfactant structure on the adsorption equilibrium according to the observed differences in the intrinsic log K values, it was shown that 12-2-12 interacts more strongly with TNWs than DTAB. The modelling results enable a better understanding of the interaction between TNWs and surfactants as well as the prediction of the conditions that can promote stabilization or aggregatio

Observation of reduced thermal conductivity in a metal-organic framework due to the presence of adsorbates

Whether the presence of adsorbates increases or decreases thermal conductivity in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been an open question. Here we report observations of thermal transport in the metal-organic framework HKUST-1 in the presence of various liquid adsorbates: water, methanol, and ethanol. Experimental thermoreflectance measurements were performed on single crystals and thin films, and theoretical predictions were made using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the thermal conductivity of HKUST-1 decreases by 40 – 80% depending on the adsorbate, a result that cannot be explained by effective medium approximations. Our findings demonstrate that adsorbates introduce additional phonon scattering in HKUST-1, which particularly shortens the lifetimes of low-frequency phonon modes. As a result, the system thermal conductivity is lowered to a greater extent than the increase expected by the creation of additional heat transfer channels. Finally, we show that thermal diffusivity is even more greatly reduced than thermal conductivity by adsorption