The structure of algebraic covariant derivative curvature tensors

We use the Nash embedding theorem to construct generators for the space of algebraic covariant derivative curvature tensors

Computing ecosystems: neural networks and embedded hardware platforms

Presented at the CHI2023 Workshop [WS2] - Beyond Prototyping Boards: Future Paradigms for Electronics ToolkitsPresented at the CHI2023 Workshop [WS2] - Beyond Prototyping Boards: Future Paradigms for Electronics ToolkitsPresented at the CHI2023 Workshop [WS2] - Beyond Prototyping Boards: Future Paradigms for Electronics ToolkitsPresented at the CHI2023 Workshop [WS2] - Beyond Prototyping Boards: Future Paradigms for Electronics ToolkitsEmbedded hardware platforms such as single-board computers (e.g., Raspberry Pi, Bela) or microcontrollers (e.g., Teensy, Arduino Uno) offer an entry point for beginners into physical computing. However, deploying neural networks into these platforms is challenging for various reasons: It requires lower-level software development skills, as machine learning toolkits are typically not incorporated into these platforms. Besides, the long compilation times burden debugging and quick prototyping and experimentation. Due to the low-resource nature of embedded hardware platforms, neural networks are usually trained on a host machine, which involves a back-and-forth of data, platforms and programming languages. We inquire how these computing ecosystems might be designed to facilitate prototyping and experimentation and integrate into existing programming workflows

Ubiquitous Sensor Networks and Its Application

Ubiquitous sensor networks and its application are emerging rapidly as an exciting new paradigm to provide reliable and comfortable life services. The ever-growing ubiquitous sensor networks and its application will provide an intelligent and ubiquitous communication and network technology for tomorrow. That is, the UCMA have emerged rapidly as an exciting new paradigm that includes ubiquitous, grid, and peer-to-peer computing to provide computing and communication services at anytime and anywhere. In order to realize the advantages of such services, it is important that intelligent systems be suitable for UCMA

Identification and in silico expression pattern analysis of Eucalyptus expressed sequencing tags (ESTs) encoding molecular chaperones

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) sequencing provides reliable and useful information concerning gene expression patterns in the genomic context. Our group used bioinformatics to identify and annotate 5'EST-contigs belonging to the molecular chaperones within the Eucalyptus Genome Sequencing Project Consortium (FORESTs) database. We found that 1,959 5'EST-contigs, or approximately 1.6% of the total 5'EST-contigs, encoded chaperones, emphasizing their biological importance. About 55% of the chaperones that we found were Hsp70 chaperones and its co-chaperones, 18% were Hsp90 chaperones, 15% were Hsp60 and its co-chaperone, 8% were Hsp100 chaperones, and 4% were Small Hsps. We also investigated the digital expression profile of the chaperone genes to gain information on gene expression levels in the different libraries and we found that molecular chaperones may have differential expression. The results discussed here give important hints about the role of chaperones in Eucalyptus cells.283S520528Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

A Bacterial Homolog of a Eukaryotic Inositol Phosphate Signaling Enzyme Mediates Cross-kingdom Dialog in the Mammalian Gut

Dietary InsP6 can modulate eukaryotic cell proliferation and has complex nutritive consequences, but its metabolism in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is poorly understood. Therefore, we performed phylogenetic analyses of the gastrointestinal microbiome in order to search for candidate InsP6 phosphatases. We determined that prominent gut bacteria express homologs of the mammalian InsP6 phosphatase (MINPP) and characterized the enzyme from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtMinpp). We show that BtMinpp has exceptionally high catalytic activity, which we rationalize on the basis of mutagenesis studies and by determining its crystal structure at 1.9 Å resolution. We demonstrate that BtMinpp is packaged inside outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) protecting the enzyme from degradation by gastrointestinal proteases. Moreover, we uncover an example of cross-kingdom cell-to-cell signaling, showing that the BtMinpp-OMVs interact with intestinal epithelial cells to promote intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Our characterization of BtMinpp offers several directions for understanding how the microbiome serves human gastrointestinal physiology

In silico identification of potential chaperone genes that belong to type III and type IV secretion systems in Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri

The secretion of bacterial virulence factors and flagellar components requires the assistance of specific type III and flagellar chaperones. Standard computational annotation of the genome of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri, a plant pathogen that causes citrus canker, initially did not identify any genes belonging to these chaperone categories since the primary sequence homology between them was very low. However, in a search for hypothetical proteins with characteristics similar to these chaperones, we have now identified 30 chromosomal and 10 plasmidial potential genes encoding chaperones belonging to types III/IV, and flagellar secretion systems in this organism. The significance of these findings is discussed.28232132

Megakaryopoiesis impairment through acute innate immune signaling activation by azacitidine

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Okoye-Okafor et al.Thrombocytopenia, prevalent in the majority of patients with myeloid malignancies, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is an independent adverse prognostic factor. Azacitidine (AZA), a mainstay therapeutic agent for stem cell transplant–ineligible patients with MDS/AML, often transiently induces or further aggravates disease-associated thrombocytopenia by an unknown mechanism. Here, we uncover the critical role of an acute type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling activation in suppressing megakaryopoiesis in AZA-mediated thrombocytopenia. We demonstrate that megakaryocytic lineage-primed progenitors present IFN-I receptors and, upon AZA exposure, engage STAT1/SOCS1-dependent downstream signaling prematurely attenuating thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) signaling and constraining megakaryocytic progenitor cell growth and differentiation following TPO-R stimulation. Our findings directly implicate RNA demethylation and IFN-I signal activation as a root cause for AZA-mediated thrombocytopenia and suggest mitigation of TPO-R inhibitory innate immune signaling as a suitable therapeutic strategy to support platelet production, particularly during the early phases of AZA therapy.Peer reviewe

State Variation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the anus incidence and Mortality, and association With Hiv/Aids and Smoking in the United States

PURPOSE: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) incidence and mortality rates are rising in the United States. Understanding state-level incidence and mortality patterns and associations with smoking and AIDS prevalence (key risk factors) could help unravel disparities and provide etiologic clues. METHODS: Using the US Cancer Statistics and the National Center for Health Statistics data sets, we estimated state-level SCCA incidence and mortality rates. Rate ratios (RRs) were calculated to compare incidence and mortality in 2014-2018 versus 2001-2005. The correlations between SCCA incidence with current smoking (from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) and AIDS (from the HIV Surveillance system) prevalence were evaluated using Spearman\u27s rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Nationally, SCCA incidence and mortality rates (per 100,000) increased among men (incidence, 2.29-3.36, mortality, 0.46-0.74) and women (incidence, 3.88-6.30, mortality, 0.65-1.02) age ≥ 50 years, but decreased among men age \u3c 50 years and were stable among similar-aged women. In state-level analysis, a marked increase in incidence (≥ 1.5-fold for men and ≥ two-fold for women) and mortality (≥ two-fold) for persons age ≥ 50 years was largely concentrated in the Midwestern and Southeastern states. State-level SCCA incidence rates in recent years (2014-2018) among men were correlated ( CONCLUSION: During 2001-2005 to 2014-2018, SCCA incidence and mortality nearly doubled among men and women age ≥ 50 years living in Midwest and Southeast. State variation in AIDS and smoking patterns may explain variation in SCCA incidence. Improved and targeted prevention is needed to combat the rise in SCCA incidence and mitigate magnifying geographic disparities