Fiesta peninsular y holiday estadounidense: dos visiones

Este artículo parte de la hipótesis de que la palabra fiesta posee un peso semántico mayor que su correspondiente holiday norteamericana y que esta desigualdad se puede corroborar en el ámbito de la antropología, la literatura, la lexicografía y la semántica lingüística. La falta de equivalencia semántica de ambos vocablos puede ocasionar dificultades en encuentros interculturales, ya que la traducción literal no consigue transmitir las diversas connotaciones semánticas de la fiesta. Convendría, pues, evitar tanto que el estudiante hispanohablante vuelque en el sustantivo estadounidense sus nociones culturales festivas, como que el estudiante norteamericano de español reduzca el término lingüístico al colorismo de una celebración lúdica o incluso taurina.This paper presents the hypothesis that the word fiesta has a greater semantic weight than its American counterpart holiday. That lack of cognitive equivalence will be analysed from an anthropologic, literary, lexicographic and semantic point of view. That different conception may interfere in intercultural communication since a literal translation cannot possibly reflect the diverse connotations of the noun fiesta. Both the Spanish student of English and the North American student of Spanish could benefit from understanding the cultural notions associated with these key words to avoid stereotypes and linguistic oversimplifications

Domestic hot water systems: environmental performance from a life cycle assessment perspective

Four types of commercially-available domestic hot water (DHW) systems (natural gas instantaneous, electric instantaneous, electric storage and heat pump) were analysed and compared from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective and their environmental hotspots (stages and processes) were determined. In addition, the influence of the origin of the energy consumed during their usage was analysed and their environmental performance was compared with that of new DHW systems recently developed. A cradle-to-grave analysis was adopted by employing data provided by the manufacturer and supplemented with secondary data from Ecoinvent. The ReCiPe 2016 (hierarchist perspective) method was used to perform the impact assessment. Regardless of the type of water heater, the use stage (due to high energy consumption) was clearly the main responsible for the environmental damage by DHW systems, but the stage of production of raw materials was also important. A comparative analysis of the four current water heating systems showed that the heat pump caused the least impacts (by litre of heated water provided per year), followed by gas-fired, electric storage, and electric instantaneous in that order. The environmental burdens are highly influenced by the country in which the DHW systems are installed because the origin of the energy source used varies. New water heaters developed by manufacturer demonstrated a trend to an environmental improvement compared to the current ones, although improvements with respect to materials consumed are still required.publishe

Modelling actin polymerization: the effect on confined cell migration

The aim of this work is to model cell motility under conditions of mechanical confinement. This cell migration mode may occur in extravasation of tumour and neutrophil-like cells. Cell migration is the result of the complex action of different forces exerted by the interplay between myosin contractility forces and actin processes. Here, we propose and implement a finite element model of the confined migration of a single cell. In this model, we consider the effects of actin and myosin in cell motility. Both filament and globular actin are modelled. We model the cell considering cytoplasm and nucleus with different mechanical properties. The migration speed in the simulation is around 0.1 µm/min, which is in agreement with existing literature. From our simulation, we observe that the nucleus size has an important role in cell migration inside the channel. In the simulation the cell moves further when the nucleus is smaller. However, this speed is less sensitive to nucleus stiffness. The results show that the cell displacement is lower when the nucleus is stiffer. The degree of adhesion between the channel walls and the cell is also very important in confined migration. We observe an increment of cell velocity when the friction coefficient is higher

El trabajo de Cristóbal Balenciaga: Resonancias arquitectónicas

Este trabajo quiere plantear cuestiones a cerca de la interdisciplinariedad en la arquitectura a través del análisis de los trabajos de Cristóbal Balenciaga y su trayectoria profesional en relación a conceptos empleados en arquitectura. Se encuentra enfocado desde un punto de vista teórico en el que se pretende establecer hilos de conexión entre distintas disciplinas como el arte, la arquitectura o la moda. A partir de la mirada de Balenciaga se sintetizan las lecciones más importantes de su trabajo. Estas ideas se explican y se llegan a contrastar con otros autores con el fin último de decantar estrategias con las que hacer frente al proyecto de arquitectura

Análisis de los Patrones de Demanda en el Sector Textil Español

In this study we wanted to analyze the demand for textile goods (clothing and footwear) in Spain. We have considered studying the demand through an AIDS model, as well as a Rotterdam model. The model chosen that best suits the demand of this type of goods is the dynamic Rotterdam model with two delays. The direct elasticities, Marshallian as Hicksian, indicate that clothing and footwear have a normal demand. However, through the Marshallian we see that the clothes have an elastic demand, while that of the shoes is inelastic. Finally, the two goods behave as luxury and, as could be observed in the evolution of their income elasticity, this would increase with the passage of time, being especially relevant the increase after the crisis occurred in 2008

The Hunter Syndrome-Functional Outcomes for Clinical Understanding Scale (HS-FOCUS) Questionnaire: item reduction and further validation

The adsorption of blood proteins, serum albumin (BSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and fibrinogen (FGN), onto model SiO2 planar surfaces coated with poly-l-lysine/heparin multilayers (PLL/HEP) has been investigated by means of ellipsometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Aiming at the development of low fouling coatings, this study has been focused on the effects that the number of layers and the type of polyelectrolyte present on the topmost layer have on the adsorption of these proteins. The three proteins interact with PLL-ended coatings whereas HEP-ended coatings prevent the adsorption of both BSA and IgG and induce a decrease in the adsorbed amount of FGN, down to 0.4 mg/m2 for three bilayers, as the number of PLL/HEP bilayers increases. These results suggest that heparin-ended multilayers prevent protein adsorption, which is an indicative of good blood compatibility. As a consequence we propose that PLL/HEP coatings could be used for the development of vascular medical devices

Environmental assessment of central solar heating plants with seasonal storage located in Spain

Renewable energies can play a very important role in the development of a new energy model contributing effectively towards a more sustainable development in the mid and long term. In this context Central Solar Heating Plants with Seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) are able to provide space heating and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) to residential buildings with high solar fractions (>50%). These systems are already being used in Central and Northern Europe, as well as in Canada, where there is an important experience in district heating systems. The study presented herein presents an environmental assessment, applying the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, of a CSHPSS, which should cover the space heating and DHW demand of 500 dwellings of 100 m2, located in Zaragoza, Spain. Environmental burdens through the life cycle of the system are estimated based on greenhouse gas emissions, and comprehensive environmental indicators as the ReCiPe and Cumulative Energy Demand (CED). These indicators allow to evaluate the reduction of the environmental load achieved by the CSHPSS analyzed with respect to conventional space heating and DHW systems, as well as to identify the most critical aspects from the environmental perspective. In this article, the environmental behavior of the CSHPSS is decoupled into the two demands covered, heating and DHW, in order to quantify the environmental impact of each generation system. A detailed life cycle inventory is presented with the aim of promoting the development of increasingly efficient technologies from the environmental point of view, not only in the operation phase but also in the construction of the equipment. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis is performed to evaluate the variation of the environmental impact depending on the climatic conditions. The CSHPSS is also dimensioned in different Spanish cities and a LCA is carried out for nine locations. The results can help different stakeholders to make decisions in order to optimize the renewable energy generation systems taking in account its whole life cycle and to point out the necessity to evaluate the environmental impact essentially in the production phase for all renewable energy systems