Decellularized Human Maxillary Sinus Schneiderian Membrane as a Potential Scaffold for Tissue Engineering

Introduction: Biological matrix has received special attention in recent medical and biological researches. Cells of tissue are supported by extracellular matrix (ECM). Extracellular matrix is used as a scaffold for morphogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation in tissue engineering. Extracellular matrix of natural tissues can be used as a scaffold for reconstructing biological tissues in tissue engineering. Human maxillary sinus membrane consists of cells and ECM which contain collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. Collagen can be used as a natural scaffold via high level of biocompatibility. Materials & Methods: In this study, Human maxillary sinus membrane were decellularized by two techniques , physical method (liquid nitrogen) and chemical procedures via increment concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in three groups. The samples were fixed with Bouin's fixator, and then were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin. decellularised Human maxillary sinus membrane was evaluated with scanning electrone microscope.Results: Histological evaluation of decellularized scaffolds revealed that cells of the schneiderian membrane tissues were completely removed via concentration of 1% of SDS. Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM) (Leo-VP1450, Germany) of the scaffolds indicated that collagen fibers of connective tissue remained intact. In 0.5 and 0.1% concentrations of SDS, few cells were observed at peripheral of ECM, so decellularization process was not complete. Conclusion: According to the results, scaffolds prepared from Human Maxillary Sinus Membrane could be used as a suitable scaffold for In vitro investigation and reconstruction and tissue engineering

A hybrid Tabu search-simulated annealing method to solve quadratic assignment problem

Quadratic assignment problem (QAP) has been considered as one of the most complicated problems. The problem is NP-Hard and the optimal solutions are not available for large-scale problems. This paper presents a hybrid method using tabu search and simulated annealing technique to solve QAP called TABUSA. Using some well-known problems from QAPLIB generated by Burkard et al. (1997) [Burkard, R. E., Karisch, S. E., & Rendl, F. (1997). QAPLIB–a quadratic assignment problem library. Journal of Global Optimization, 10(4), 391-403.], two methods of TABUSA and TS are both coded on MATLAB and they are compared in terms of relative percentage deviation (RPD) for all instances. The performance of the proposed method is examined against Tabu search and the preliminary results indicate that the hybrid method is capable of solving real-world problems, efficiently

CLEAR CELL ODONTOGENIC CARCINOMA OF THE MANDIBLE WITH PERINEURAL INVASION: A REVIEW

Objectives: Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare aggressive cancer of the oral cavity. Diagnosis is mainly by excluding other pathologic lesions containing clear cells. Perineural invasion may be an important feature in this lesion. Methods: We performed a literature review. We paid attention to the CCOC and perineural invasion in the search of English language literatures in the Pubmed. Results: Analysis of previously reported cases of CCOC showed that up to2014 there were 74 reported CCOC cases in English articles, cited in PubMed. There was only one previous report of perineural invasion. Anew case is also presented in this article. Conclusion: Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma needs a special immunohistochemical protocol and complete workup to reach a correct diagnosis. Perineural invasion should be considered in central lesions of the mandible

Case Report Recurrent Glandular Odontogenic Cyst of Maxilla: a Case Report

ABSTRAC

Assessment of stylohyoid ligament in patients with Eagle’s syndrome and patients with asymptomatic elongated styloid process: A cone-beam computed tomography study

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study was performed to evaluate and compare the calcification patterns of the stylohyoid ligament in Eagle’s syndrome (ES) patients, and asymptomatic patients with elongated styloid process (SP) via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: A total of 52 CBCT images in two symptomatic (ES) and asymptomatic groups (n = 26 per group) were assessed. The mean length and thickness of the SP, morphology, and pattern of calcification between the two sides in each group and between ES and asymptomatic groups were compared. The t-test was used for comparison. Fisher exact and chi-square tests were used to determine the relationship between different types of calcification pattern and morphology. The level of significance was considered at P < 0.050. RESULTS: The SP was thicker in the ES group than the asymptomatic group. However, the styloid length showed no significant difference among the ES and asymptomatic groups. The most common pattern of calcification in both groups was partially calcified with no significant difference between the two study groups. The most common morphology in the asymptomatic and ES groups was “segmented” and “elongated,” respectively. CONCLUSION: The morphology and thickness of the SP showed a significant difference between the ES and asymptomatic groups. This can be helpful in differential diagnosis of facial, pharyngeal, and tonsillar pain. KEYWORDS: Eagle Syndrome; Elongated Styloid Process Syndrome; Cone Beam Computed Tomograph

A BRIEF RADIOGRAPHIC REPORT FROM TWO COMMON ODONTOGENIC CYSTS IN JAWS WITH FOLLICULAR RADIOLUCENT APPEARANCE

Objectives: Pericoronal radiolucencies are common pathologic findings in regular dental checkups. Since dentigerous cyst is the most common pathologic pericoronal radiolucency and as odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a common cyst also and an aggressive lesion with high recurrence, radiographic features of these lesions were discussed in this study using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional case series study, radiographs from 56 patients who were referred to  a private maxillofacial radiology center or  dentistry faculty in Mashhad/Iran from 2008 to 2013 in which radiolucent pericoronal lesion was observed in jaws with histopathologic results of dentigerous cyst or OKC were separately examined by two maxillofacial radiologists. Both observers were unaware of pathology results. Lesions were assessed based on their location, periphery, and impaction on the surrounding structures. Then, obtained data were analyzed using descriptive tables. Results: 56 lesions were identified in 56 patients. There were 20 odontogenic keratocyst and 36 dentigerous cysts. The majority of dentigerous cysts and OKCs occurred in the posterior mandible and showed a well corticated border. External root resorption was higher in OKC cases. In addition, displacement tendency of surrounding structures (other than tooth) such as nasal floor, mandibular canal, buccal and lingual cortex (in the form of expansion) as well as destruction of cortex, nasal floor or sinus walls was higher in OKC than in dentigerous cyst. Conclusion: Except of tooth displacement other parameters related to the effect on surrounding structures in this study showed higher frequency in OKC than dentigerous cyst

The expression of heat shock proteins 27 and 105 in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and relationship with clinicopathological index

Introduction: In oral cavity, the tongue is the most common site prone to development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Considering malignant transformation as a cellular stress, the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) may be affected in this process. In this study we assessed the expression of HSP105 and HSP27 as two of the most interested stress proteins and investigated their relationship with grade and stage of the tongue SCC. Material and Methods: Fifty-six specimens including 31 early and 25 advanced tongue SCC were gathered. All specimens were graded histologically from I to III. Sixteen sections of normal oral mucosa were used as control group. The cellularity and intensity of HSP105 and HSP27 expression were studied immunohistochemically in both case and control groups. Results were expressed by histochemical score (HSCORE). Results: Significant differences were observed between expression of HSPs and stage of the disease. From early to advanced stage, the expression of HSP105 and HSP27 increased and decreased, respectively. There was no relationship between histological grade of lesion and HSCORE of HSP105 expression (P=0.5), although, HSP27 expression had reverse relationship with the SCC histological grade. Conclusion: HSP27 and HSP105 may be indicated for prognostic purposes in evaluation of tongue SCC. HSP 27 may be used for more accurate microscopic grading of tongue SCC. Increased expression of HSP105 in advanced stage may lead to using this protein for immunotherapy of tongue SCC. © Medicina Oral S. L

Anterior palatal island advancement flap for bone graft coverage: technical note

Background: The most important step in bone graft management is soft tissue coverage. Dehiscence of the wound leads to graft exposure and subsequent problems.Purpose: This study introduces an axial pattern flap for bone graft coverage in anterior maxilla.Patients and Methods: Use of Anterior Palatal Island Advancement Flap is presented by the authors. It is a mucoperiosteal flap with axial pattern blood supply, based on nasopalatine artery. It is easy to raise and predictable.Results: Anterior Palatal Island Advancement Flap was effective in bone graft coverage in premaxillary edentulous area.Conclusion: It can be used as an aid for bone graft coverage of premaxillary edentulous ridge, where the need for mucosa is small in width but long in length.Keywords: Anterior maxilla, bone graft, dental implant, palatal advancement fla

Buccal fat pad: A location for obtaining adipose divide stem cells

Background  Buccal fat pad is known as anatomic structure in between the masticatory muscles that separate these muscles from each other and surrounding bone. Ease of access, through the intraoral route makes it suitable choice for obtaining adipose derived stem cells. Methods  Intraoral incisions for getting access to the buccal fat of pad are; Retromolar incision, incision in medial of pterygomandibular raphe, incision in the vestibular depth of maxilla behind the zygomatic process and finally incision in the buccal mucosa at the level of occlusual plane. Conclusion  The best may for getting access to the Bishat fat is incision in the maxillary vestibular depth behind the first molar. Keywords: Adipose divide, Buccal fat pad , Stem cells

Donor site morbidity in buccinator-based myomucosal flaps: A retrospective study

Buccinator-based myomucosal flaps can be used as a lining in oral cavity, pharyngeal, esophageal, and nasal reconstructions. Donor site morbidity is an important factor in selecting a flap, therefore, it was decided that donor site morbidity of this type of flap should be evaluated. In a retrospective study, patients for whom this flap had been used for oral, nasal, or pharyngeal reconstruction in 2008–2012 were recalled. Donor site morbidity including reduction in maximal interincisal opening (MIO), obliteration of the mandibular vestibule, injury to the Stensen duct, and vertical fibrous band in buccal mucosa were evaluated. Twenty-two buccinator-based myomucosal flaps (20 patients) had been used for oral, nasal, or oropharyngeal reconstruction. The most common flap used was the Facial Artery Musculomucosal (FAMM) flap (50%), and the commonest cause for flap use was the presence of a cleft lip/palate sequel in patients (45%). Four patients had developed complications (minimal reduction in MIO) related to the donor site. Donor site morbidity associated with buccinator-based myomucosal flaps is low. However, minimal reduction of mouth opening occurred in 20% of the patients