जलखाद्य उत्पादन में घन- अवस्था किण्वन से सस्य संघटकों का सूक्ष्म जैविकी संपोषण

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Efficacy of a fungal fermented product as fishmeal replacement in the diet of Penaeus monodon Fabricius post-larvae

The efficacy of diets, formulated by inclusion of an Aspergillus niger fermented product (AFP) as fish meal substitute, for Penaeus monodon post-larvae was determined. AFP was derived by solid state fermentation (SSF) of a mixture of soybean flour, wheat flour, groundnut oil cake and sesame oil cake in the ratio of 4: 3: 2: 1 respectively for 96 h. The feeding trial was conducted in post-larvae stocked @10 animals in circular perspex tanks containing 40 l of water with five dietary treatments each with three replicates for 52 days. The diets containing graded levels of AFP substituting 0, 50, 150, 250 and 350 g kg-1 of fishmeal were fed to the post-larvae. Data on the growth performance and nutrient utilization efficiency were recorded from the feeding trials. Results showed that the post-larval shrimp fed diet containing 150 g kg-1 AFP exhibited significantly better (p<0.05) growth rate (14.79 mg d-1 post-larva-1), feed conversion ratio (1.62), protein efficiency ratio (1.64) and apparent protein utilization (25.39) than the other diets. The diet with 350 g kg-1 AFP showed the best apparent protein digestibility (87.74 %), apparent fat digestibility (97.95 %) and apparent dry matter digestibility coefficient (77.09 %) among the test diets. The results of the present study suggest that AFP can be used to improve the digestibility of nutrients and that partial replacement of fishmeal is possible in P. monodon post-larval diets under optimum rearing conditions

Production status of GaAs/Ge solar cells and panels

GaAs/Ge solar cells with lot average efficiencies in excess of 18 percent were produced by MOCVD growth techniques. A description of the cell, its performance and the production facility are discussed. Production GaAs/Ge cells of this type were recently assembled into circuits and bonded to aluminum honeycomb panels to be used as the solar array for the British UOSAT-F program

Refinement of fertilizer recommendation based on Soil Test Crop Response technology for rice under System of Rice Intensification

A study on Soil Test Crop Response based Integrated Plant Nutrition System (STCR - IPNS) were conducted adopting an Inductive cum Targeted yield model in non-calcareous sandy loam soils of Lithic Haplusteptat Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Paiyur, Tamil Nadu during Kharif 2013 in orderto develop fertilizer prescriptions equation (FPEs) through IPNS for the desired yield targets of rice under SRI technique. A ready reckoner of fertilizer doses at varying soil test value, for attaining 6 to 9 t ha-1 target grain yield of rice has been worked out. Using these equations a validation trial was conducted on Kharif 2014 at this station. The grain yield of rice ranged from 2.54 t ha-1 in absolute control to 8.65 t ha-1 in STCR-IPNS-9 t ha-1. The STCR-IPNS @ 8 t ha-1 was effective and economical as compare with any other treatments. The deviation recorded in the achievement of targets aimed was within the range of ± 10 per cent (90 – 110 %) proving the validity of the FPEs. The STCR treatments recorded relatively higher response ratio (RR) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) over blanket and farmer's practice and STCR-IPNS treatments recorded relatively higher RR and BCR over STCR-NPK alone treatments. Post-harvest soil tests for NPK revealed that there was maintenance of soil fertility. The STCR-IPNS @ 8 t ha-1 was effective and economical as compare with any other treatments. Thus, the Inductive cum Targeted yield model used to develop fertilizer prescription equations provides a strong basis for soil fertility maintenance consistent with high productivity and efficient nutrient management for sustainable and enduring Agriculture

Albino of the marine cat fish, Tachysurus tenuispini(Day)

A specimen of the marine cat fish, Tachysurus tenuispinis exhibiting complete albinism caught in a trawl net operated at night at a depth of about 25 m was collected at the Malpe fish Ianding centre on 10-2-197

Length-weight relationship and condition factor of the Sciaenid fish, Johnieops osseus (Day)

Length-weight relationship of J. osseus indicated an allometric form of growth. Seasonal variations in the condition offish could not be attributed to any particular facto

Fishery and bionomics of sciaenids of South Kanara

Sciaenids, popularly known is jew fish, croakers or drums are one of the commercially important groups of marine fishes of India. They rank very high in abundance forming on an average, 7,04 % of the tora-f{.p1arine fish catch of the country (1974-76)

Reproductive biology of Sciaenid fish, Johnieops osseus (Day), from the South Kanara coast

Though some informalion is available regarding the breeding habits and early life histories of sciaenids'-s detailed studies on reproductive biology are lacking. The present paper deals with the reproductive biology of Johtlieops osseus, the dominant species of the sciaenids captured off South Kanara Coast

Ovary as an indicator of frequency of spawning in fishes

In majority of the marine fishes from tropical areas, maturation is a continuous process resulting in the occurrence of mature fishes throughout the year. In several Indian marine fishes, because of multiple spawning, a truly spent fish is scarcely found and also difficult to identify. Instead, partially spent fishes have been reported in a number of cases. As the eggs contained in the ovary are progressively ripened and shed, the ovary itself grows smaller, and to the naked eye, seems to reverse the stages by which it attained fuji maturity. The ovaries of such fi shes, though superficially resemble the normal stages III to V, differ from them in macroscopic appearance as well as microscopic structure to some extent. It occurred to the authors that such partially spent ovaries of fishes yield clues to the frequency or spawning in different species. In the present paper, the occurrence and nature of such ovaries and their relation to the frequency of spawning in two species of ribbon-fishes and a sciaenid have been discussed with supporting evidence from data on other fishes

Performance comparison of hybrid active power filter for p-q theory and SVPWM technique

Harmonic Distortion in many of the industrial applications are occur primarily owing to the enormous utilization of loads with high non-linearity like power converters, speed varying drives and arc furnaces. The power semiconductor is used to achieve the variation in speed and conversion from one source to another. Mostly active filters and tuned filters are utilized to remove the harmonic included in the source current. The tuned passive filters and inductance inserted in the line reduces the harmonics but at the same time induces the resonances in most of the industrial applications. Due to this, harmonic distortion increases in the source current and voltage. This can be reduced by adding hybrid filter in the system with decreased rating of active filter in high power applications. This article deals with the various topology of hybrid filters. The working of the proposed filter design in variable inductance mode based on the pollution created in the source voltage and current is studied. In the proposed hybrid filter passive filter is tuned with seventh harmonic frequency and connected in series with active filters to reduce the harmonic distortion. DC link voltage and the active filter VA rating could be minimized. The control signal to the filter is derived from p-q theory and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). The performance of the system under study is simulated and noted for the THD percentage before and after the filter is added to the system and the same model is experimented with reduced voltage level