Healthcare hazards and its impact on health insurance business- An overview during COVID-19

The present article is presenting the ‘Healthcare Hazards and Its Impact on Health Insurance Business – An Overview during COVID-19’. The present paper studied the health insurance, health insurance plans in India, Indian market size, health care industry, government actions for the COVID-19, and healthcare business in India, private health insurance in India, hazardous of the healthcare industry and health insurances, and Indian healthcare issues in 2019. The author has concluded that all insurance policies are levied higher taxes by the government, these lead higher income to the companies, and these are creating how commissions to the agents and other insurance organizations under reinsurance, but no benefits to the insured. It may not be a long term benefit, why because there is no maturity fund/income, because of these are shortterm benefits; how many of the policyholders are getting the benefits from the general health insurance companies. Hence, the research is required to calculate for the need of levy-the tax from the non-claimant portion of the income of the general health insurance on an annual basis to the health department of the nation

To demonstrate on rats, the effects of Diphyllin, extracted from the toxic plant Cleistanthus collinus

Mortality is similar in both diphyllin and water control group. One of the triad which is metabolic acidosis does develop in diphyllin group. But it is seen in controls also. There is significant acidosis in diphyllin group in the initial hours. And the responses to acidosis like hyperventilation, hyperkalemia and acidic urine are similar in both the test and control groups. But because there is significant acidosis in the initial hours with diphyllin, Diphyllin may contribute a part to the development of severe metabolic acidosis which develops with whole aqueous extract. Diphyllin produces metabolic acidosis, less severe than the whole aqueous extract. Diphyllin do not show hypokalemia or 100% alkaline urine as seen in the whole aqueous extract. Mortality is only 16.66% as compared to 100% mortality in whole aqueous extract of Cleistanthus collinus. Conclusive to say that diphyllin may not be the sole cause of distal renal tubular acidosis which is developing in poisoning with Cleistanthus collinus and DIPHYLLIN IS NON-TOXIC

Novel Molecules for Intra-Oral Delivery of Antimicrobials to Prevent and Treat Oral Infectious Diseases

New molecules were designed for efficient intra-oral delivery of antimicrobials to prevent and treat oral infection. The salivary statherin fragment, which has high affinity for the tooth enamel, was used as a carrier peptide. This was linked through the side chain of the N-terminal residue to the C-terminus of a defensin-like 12-residue peptide to generate two bifunctional hybrid molecules, one with an ester linkage and the other with an anhydride bond between the carrier and the antimicrobial components. They were examined for their affinity to a HAP (hydroxyapatite) surface. The extent of the antimicrobial release in human whole saliva was determined using 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The candidacidal activity of the molecules was determined as a function of the antimicrobial release from the carrier peptide in human saliva. The hybrid-adsorbed HAP surface was examined against Candida albicans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using the fluorescence technique. The bifunctional molecules were tested on human erythrocytes, GECs (gingival epithelial cells) and GFCs (gingival fibroblast cells) for cytotoxicity. They were found to possess high affinity for the HAP mineral. In human whole saliva, a sustained antimicrobial release over a period of more than 40–60 h, and candidacidal activity consistent with the extent of hybrid dissociation were observed. Moreover, the bifunctional peptide-bound HAP surface was found to exhibit antimicrobial activity when suspended in clarified human saliva. The hybrid peptides did not show any toxic influence on human erythrocytes, GECs and GFCs. These novel hybrids could be safely used to deliver therapeutic agents intra-orally for the treatment and prevention of oral infectious diseases

MDS-WLAN: Maximal Data Security in WLAN for Resisting Potential Threats

The utmost security standards over Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) are still an unsolved answer in research community as well as among the commercial users. There are various prior attempts in proposing security of WLAN that lacks focus on access point and is found to be quite complex implementation of cryptography. The proposed paper presents a novel, simple, and yet robust technique called as MDS-WLAN i.e. maximal data security in WLAN. The system is evaluated over laboratory prototype and mitigation measures are drawn for resisting wormhole attack, Sybil attack, and rogue access point issue in WLAN. The outcome of the MDS is compared with conventional AES and SHA that shows optimal communication performance and highest data security

Design of Hybrid Fault Tolerance Control for LPV System

Modern technological devices rely on sophisticated control systems to meet increased performance requirements. For such systems, the consequences of faults in system components can be catastrophic. Therefore it is necessary to design control systems which are capable of tolerating potential faults in the systems to obtain the desired performance. The paper presents the approach for fault tolerant control (FTC) based on model reference control (MRAC) with artificial neural network (ANN) controller to analyze the ability of coupled tank linear parameter varying (LPV) system to accommodate the faults. The performance of the proposed FTC scheme is tested using a Coupled-Tank system which is used as a test bed with two different types of faults with different magnitudes and with different operating points. From the simulation results it has been proved that the proposed controller is fault tolerant and makes the system to achieve quick steady state stability against the various types of faults

Heuristic Optimization Algorithm with Ensemble Learning Model for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification

Intrusion Detection (ID) for network security prevents and detects malicious behaviours or unauthorized activities that occurs in the network. An ID System (IDS) refers to a safety tool that monitors events or network traffic for responding to and identifying illegal access attempts or malevolent activities. IDS had a vital role in network security by finding and alerting security teams or administrators about security breaches or potential intrusions. Machine Learning (ML) methods are utilized for ID by training methods for recognizing behaviours and patterns linked with intrusions. Deep Learning (DL) methods are implemented to learn complicated representations and patterns in network data. DL methods have witnessed promising outcomes in identifying network intrusions by automatically learning discriminatory features from raw network traffic. This article presents a new Teaching and Learning based Optimization with Ensemble Learning Model for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification (TLBOEL-IDC) technique. The presented TLBOEL-IDC method mainly detects and classifies the intrusions in the network. To attain this, the TLBOEL-IDC method primarily preprocesses the input networking data. Besides, the TLBOEL-IDC technique involves the design of an ensemble classifier by the integration of three DL models called Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Bidirectional LSTM (BLSTM). Moreover, the hyperparameter tuning of the DL models takes place using the TLBO approach that improves the overall ID outputs. The simulation assessment of the TLBOEL-IDC approach takes place on a benchmark dataset and the outputs are measured under various factors. The comparative evaluation emphasized the best accomplishment of the TLBOEL-IDC technique over other present models by means of diverse metrics

Memory and I/O optimized rectilinear steiner minimum tree routing for VLSI

As the size of devices are scaling down at rapid pace, the interconnect delay play a major part in performance of IC chips. Therefore minimizing delay and wire length is the most desired objective. FLUTE (Fast Look-Up table) presented a fast and accurate RSMT (Rectilinear Steiner Minimum Tree) construction for both smaller and higher degree net. FLUTE presented an optimization technique that reduces time complexity for RSMT construction for both smaller and larger degree nets. However for larger degree net this technique induces memory overhead, as it does not consider the memory requirement in constructing RSMT. Since availability of memory is very less and is expensive, it is desired to utilize memory more efficiently which in turn results in reducing I/O time (i.e. reduce the number of I/O disk access). The proposed work presents a Memory Optimized RSMT (MORSMT) construction in order to address the memory overhead for larger degree net. The depth-first search and divide and conquer approach is adopted to build a Memory optimized tree. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of proposed approach over existing model for varied benchmarks in terms of computation time, memory overhead and wire length. The experimental results show that the proposed model is scalable and efficient

Yield, water use and water use efficiency of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] under drip fertigation system

Field experiments were carried out during two seasons (August-February) of 2011-12 and 2012-13 at Millet Breeding Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, to study the effect of drip fertigation on productivity, water use and water use efficiency of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) cv. LRG 41. The treatments included three irrigation regimes (50 %, 75 %, 100 % computed water requirement of crop) and surface irrigation along with three fertilizer levels with water soluble fertilizer (WSF) and conventional fertilizers (CF). The treatments were laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results revealed that drip irrigation at 100 % WRc with fertigation at 125 % RDF through WSF registered significantly highest grain yield of 2812 and 2586 kg ha-1 during 2011-12 and 2012-13, respectively. Surface irrigation with conventional method of fertilizer application recorded lower water use efficiency of 3.70 and 3.38 kg ha-1 mm-1 whereas it was reverse with drip irrigation of 100 % WRc + 125 % RDF through WSF with a WUE of 6.97 kg ha-1 mm-1 during 2011-12 and during second season (2012-13), the highest WUE of 6.72 kg ha-1 mm-1 was recorded in drip irrigation at 50 % WRc along with fertigation at 125 % RDF through WSF. The increase in grain yield with drip irrigation at 100 % WRc + fertigation with 125 % RDF through WSF was mainly attributed by greater and consistent availability of soil moisture and nutrients which resulted in better crop growth, yield components and ultimately reflected on water use efficiency and yield of pigeonpea Cajanus cajan