1,744 research outputs found
Strain-controlled correlation effects in self-assembled quantum dot stacks
We show that elastic interactions of an array of self-assembled quantum dots
in a parent material matrix are markedly distinct from the elastic field
created by a single point defect, and can explain the observed abrupt
correlation--anticorrelation transition in semiconductor quantum dot stacks.
Finite volume effects of the quantum dots are shown to lead to sharper
transitions. Our analysis also predicts the inclination angle under which the
alignment in successive quantum dot layers occurs in dependence on the material
anisotropy
Internal conceptual replications do not increase independent replication success
Recently, many psychological effects have been surprisingly difficult to reproduce. This article asks why, and investigates whether conceptually replicating an effect in the original publication is related to the success of independent, direct replications. Two prominent accounts of low reproducibility make different predictions in this respect. One account suggests that psychological phenomena are dependent on unknown contexts that are not reproduced in independent replication attempts. By this account, internal replications indicate that a finding is more robust and, thus, that it is easier to independently replicate it. An alternative account suggests that researchers employ questionable research practices (QRPs), which increase false positive rates. By this account, the success of internal replications may just be the result of QRPs and, thus, internal replications are not predictive of independent replication success. The data of a large reproducibility project support the QRP account: replicating an effect in the original publication is not related to independent replication success. Additional analyses reveal that internally replicated and internally unreplicated effects are not very different in terms of variables associated with replication success. Moreover, social psychological effects in particular appear to lack any benefit from internal replications. Overall, these results indicate that, in this dataset at least, the influence of QRPs is at the heart of failures to replicate psychological findings, especially in social psychology. Variable, unknown contexts appear to play only a relatively minor role. I recommend practical solutions for how QRPs can be avoided
Music and language comprehension in the brain
Contains fulltext :
166652.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 10 februari 2017Promotor : Hagoort, P. Co-promotor : Willems, R.M.236 p
Entrainment to an auditory signal: Is attention involved?
Many natural auditory signals, including music and language, change periodically. The effect of such auditory rhythms on the brain is unclear however. One widely held view, dynamic attending theory, proposes that the attentional system entrains to the rhythm and increases attention at moments of rhythmic salience. In support, 2 experiments reported here show reduced response times to visual letter strings shown at auditory rhythm peaks, compared with rhythm troughs. However, we argue that an account invoking the entrainment of general attention should further predict rhythm entrainment to also influence memory for visual stimuli. In 2 pseudoword memory experiments we find evidence against this prediction. Whether a pseudoword is shown during an auditory rhythm peak or not is irrelevant for its later recognition memory in silence. Other attention manipulations, dividing attention and focusing attention, did result in a memory effect. This raises doubts about the suggested attentional nature of rhythm entrainment. We interpret our findings as support for auditory rhythm perception being based on auditory-motor entrainment, not general attention entrainment
A commentary on: âNeural overlap in processing music and speechâ
Contains fulltext :
162839.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)3 p
On the determination of optimal designs for an interference model
This paper generalizes Kushner's (1997) method for finding optimal repeated measurements designs to optimal designs under an interference model. The model we assume is for a one-dimensional layout without guard plots and with different left and right neighbour effects. The resulting optimal designs may need many blocks or may not even exist as a finite design. The results give lower bounds for optimality criteria on finite designs, and the design structure can be used to suggest efficient small designs
Optimality of Type I Orthogonal Arrays for Cross-over Models with Correlated Errors
We show that binary designs for cross-over models obtained from orthogonal arrays are universally optimal under correlated errors
Anti-idiotypic antibody Ab2/3H6 mimicking gp41: a potential HIV-1 vaccine?
Meeting abstract from 22nd European Society for Animal Cell Technology(ESACT) Meeting on Cell Based Technologies Vienna, Austria. 15-18 May 2011(VLID)90658
Lattice Boltzmann simulations of apparent slip in hydrophobic microchannels
Various experiments have found a boundary slip in hydrophobic microchannel
flows, but a consistent understanding of the results is still lacking. While
Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations cannot reach the low shear rates and large
system sizes of the experiments, it is often impossible to resolve the needed
details with macroscopic approaches. We model the interaction between
hydrophobic channel walls and a fluid by means of a multi-phase lattice
Boltzmann model. Our mesoscopic approach overcomes the limitations of MD
simulations and can reach the small flow velocities of known experiments. We
reproduce results from experiments at small Knudsen numbers and other
simulations, namely an increase of slip with increasing liquid-solid
interactions, the slip being independent of the flow velocity, and a decreasing
slip with increasing bulk pressure. Within our model we develop a semi-analytic
approximation of the dependence of the slip on the pressure.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
T cell receptors for clinical therapy: in vitro assessment of toxicity risk
Adoptive therapy with T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells has shown promising results in the treatment of patients with tumors, and the number of TCRs amenable for clinical testing is expanding rapidly. Notably, adoptive therapy with T cells is challenged by treatment-related side effects, which calls for cautious selection of target antigens and TCRs that goes beyond their mere ability to induce high T cell reactivity. Here, we propose a sequence of in vitro assays to improve selection of TCRs, and exemplify risk assessments of on-target as well as off-target toxicities using TCRs directed against Cancer Germline Antigens. The proposed panel of assays covers parameters considered key to safety, such as expression of target antigen in healthy tissues, determination of a TCR's recognition motif towards its cognate peptide, and TCR's cross-reactivity towards non-cognate peptides
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