Desigualdad intermedia paretiana

Del Río y Ruiz-Castillo (2000) propusieron un nuevo concepto de desigualdad intermedia entre las nociones absoluta y relativa. y desarrollaron procedimien-tos empíricos que permiten extraer conclusiones de Bienestar á la Shorrocks (1983) El objetivo de este trabajo es utilizar esta metodología para definir un nuevo concepto, la (x. d. p)-desigualdad, que permite cardinalizar algunas de las situaciones en las que se verifica un aumento en la desigualdad relativa, donde el concepto anterior no es operativo. El mérito de este enfoque radica en que no juzga a priori, la noción de desigualdad políticamente correcta. En, este sentido, son los datos los que determinan el tipo de desigualdad para el cual dos distribuciones son equivalentes

Mujeres ante el empleo (y el desempleo) en el mercado laboral español

Mujeres y hombres no ocupan lugares equivalentes en el mercado laboral debido al desigual reparto del trabajo. El objetivo de este estudio es doble. Por un lado, actualizar nuestro conocimiento sobre la posición que ocupan las mujeres en el mercado laboral español, prestando especial atención a un colectivo con un elevado grado de vulnerabilidad, como son las mujeres inmigrantes. Por otro lado, ofrecer una reflexión crítica sobre la importancia que la segregación ocupacional tiene sobre el bienestar de las mujeres, y hacer un llamamiento para que sea tenida en cuenta en el diseño de las políticas públicas. Con este propósito se presenta una panorámica de las principales teorías que explican su existencia y permanencia en el tiempo, haciendo especial hincapié en los efectos negativos que genera

An alternative inequality-based concentration measure

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it shows the properties that regional economics is implicitly assuming when �relative� inequality measures, such as the Gini coefficient and the generalized entropy family of indexes, are used to quantify the geographic concentration of economic activity. Second, it proposes a new geographic concentration index that is based on an �absolute� inequality measure. This measure, which is additively decomposable, is also analyzed from an axiomatic point of view. Comparisons between these concentration indexes are illustrated by using manufacturing employment data in Spain

Concentration of economic activity: Inequality-based measures

This paper reflects about the invariance property that regional economics is implicitly assuming when �relative� inequality measures, such as the Gini index, are used to quantify the geographic concentration of economic activity. In addition, it proposes a new concentration measure that is based on an �absolute� inequality index. The properties of this variance-type index are analyzed. An �absolute� employment Lorenz curve is also proposed to measure concentration, the dominance criterion of which is consistent with this new index. Finally, the usefulness of the new measures is illustrated by using manufacturing employment data in Spai

Local Segregation and Well-Being

This paper deals with the quantification of the well-being loss/gain of a demographic group associated with its occupational segregation, an issue that, as far as we know, has not been formally tackled in the literature. For this purpose, this paper proposes several properties to take into account when measuring this phenomenon. Building on standard assumptions of social welfare functions, it also defines and characterizes a parameterized family of indices that satisfy those properties. In particular, the indices are equal to zero when either the group has no segregation or all occupations have the same wage, and the indices increase when individuals of the group move into occupations that have higher wages than those left behind. In addition, ceteris paribus, the indices increase more the lower the wage is of the occupation left behind, and consider small improvements for many people to be more important than large improvements for a few

Occupational Segregation Measures: A Role for Status

This paper defines local segregation measures which are sensible to status differences among organizational units. So far as we know, this is the first time that status-sensitive segregation measures are offered in a multigroup context by invoking a cardinal measure of status. These measures allow aggregating employment gaps of a target group penalizing its concentration in low-status occupations. They are intended to complement, rather than substitute, previous local segregation measures. The usefulness of these tools is illustrated in the case of occupational segregation by race and ethnicity in the U.S