Evolución del patrón de coloración melánica en los primeros estadios de desarrollo de la mojarra, Archocentrus myrnae Loiselle, 1997 (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Se documenta la ontogenia de los patrones de coloración melánicos en las fases de larva y juvenil de la mojarra Archocentrus myrnae Loiselle, 1997, un cíclido ponedor biparental originario de América Central. Se capturaron, fotografiaron y observaron 600 ejemplares de forma aleatoria durante 80 días. A partir de las diapositivas se elaboraron las figuras para su análisis. El primer día, tras la eclosión las larvas, presentan una doble línea longitudinal, una media y otra ventral. A los cuatro días, ambas líneas se fusionan en una única banda longitudinal. Esta banda longitudinal desaparece el día 16 para dar lugar al inicio de las semibarras, que van desarrollándose hasta el día 80. Las dos concentraciones de melanocitos que permanecen en la coloración de los adultos son la mancha lateral media (barra IV) y la mancha del pedúnculo caudal (barra VIII). Los resultados documentan el patrón de coloración melánico de las crías de A. myrnae desde el momento de la eclosión hasta los 80 días de vida, y pueden ser útiles como herramienta en estudios que relacionen coloración y comportamiento y como base para establecer relaciones filogenéticas entre cíclidos neotropicales.The ontogeny of melanistic colour patterns in larval, fry and juvenile of the topaz cichlid (Archocentrus myrnae, Loiselle 1997) a biparental substrate spawning cichlid of Central America, are described at different developmental stages. Six hundred fish were randomly sampled, studied and photographed during 80 days of development. Figures were created from the resultant photographs. Larvae present two longitudinal stripes 24 hours posthatching; a midlateral stripe and a ventral stripe. Four days posthatching, both stripes fused into a single longitudinal stripe. At day 16 this stripe desappears and the development of dorsal and ventral semi-bars initiate till day 80. Two melanocyte aggregations remain in adult colouration: the midlateral spot (corresponding to bar IV) and the caudal peduncle spot (bar VIII). The results obtained establish the development of colour pattern in the topaz cichlid from hatching to 80 days. The results may provide a useful tool for the study of behavioural relationships, the study of colour development and for the establishment of phylogenetic relationships within the neotropical cichlids

L'ontogènia dell comportament en peixos. Descripció de patrons de comportament larvari

Si tratta della seconda parte di un lavoro che vede impegnato I'autore e I'equipe del Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e di Fisiologia dell'Universita Autonoma di Barcellona, nell 'ambito di una ricerca tendente a identificare le categorie dei pesci, classificandone e definendone i modelli del comportamento sociale. A continuazione e completamento de ll'articolo, gia apparso nel numero precedente della RdA, l'autore ci introduce nella conoscenza dell'ontogenesi del comporta mento ne lle differenti fasi di sviluppo delle specie con particolare attenzione alla fase larvale. Infatti, la conoscenza dell'ontogenesi del comportamento incluso quello lalvale, e risultata uno strumento efficace nello studio dell 'embriologia per la conoscenza del comporta11lento sociale delle specie adulte

El comportament territorial dels peixos. Descripció de patrons de territorialitat

A fish territory is defined as a portion of water associated with the substrate, defended by a dominant individual, a pair or a "harem". As proximate causation, the fish should perform agonistic behaviour. As a consequence, it should benefit from resources contained therein: food, refuge, breeding site, mates. Territorial formation has been growing in complexity due to the evolution of reproductive strategies and parental care: lekking or 'arena behaviour' is discussed; sneakers and satelIites are described as individuals with alternative reproductive strategies in complex territories. Feeding territories appears to have arisen as a secondary consequence of attachment to a breeding territory. Habituating and sensitizing are discussed as a factors regulating agonistic behaviour between neighbours. Finally, four unique territorial patterns are defined: wandering, patrolling, cercling and oscilating

El comportament agressiu intraespecífic en peixos bentònics. Descripció de patrons d'agressivitat

La riproduzione riuscita e il fme biologico di ogni specie e di ogni individuo, ei pesci il risultato riproduttivo e anche il prodotto deU'agressiviffi e deUe loue all'interno di una stessa specie. Da una parte si differenziano le lotte o l'agressivita per motivi trofici, che stabiliscono una relazione gerarchica nel gruppo; dall'altra le loue per fmi riproduttivi che determinano la formazione di territori. Questi si delimitano intorno a una situazione di privilegio, rispetto alla strategia riproduttiva della specie; i supporti essenziali del risultato riproduttivo dentro un determinato territorio saranno difesi in rapporto alla disponibilita che di essi si ha. Per esempio, nel pesce Rhodeus amarus, l'agressiviffi si manifesta nelle immediate vicinanze dei mitili Anodonta, indispensabili per la sua riproduzione. Nonostante l'evoluzione degli studi del comportamento, la parte descrittiva tuttavia e rimasta scarsamente definita e molto vi e ancora da fare. Perció, il presente contributo ha l'aspirazione di essere uno strumento introduttivo verso la conoscenza del comporta mento agressivo dei pesci

El barb roig (Phoxinus Phoxinus L.), un ciprínid introduït als estanys de Malniu (Cerdanya, Pirineu Oriental)

Ichthyologically. Catalunya is characterized by a poorly developed freshwater fish fauna. For this reason, introductions of exotics have a special importance in the freshwater fish in its entirety. Within these exotics we found the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus. Sorne authors suggested that this species has been occurring naturally in the Ebro drainage (Catalunya) and sorne Cantabric rivers (N Spain) but this question is stil1 controversia!. Its introduction in catalonian drainages and water bodies has be en huge, so that its probable initial distribution is considered non-significant compared with its actual spreading. In this work, a population of P. phoxinus introduced in a Pyrenees' glacier lake ("Llac Sec") is described. Comparing this population with the detailed description given by Chen (996), no differential characters, meristics and morphometrics are found except that of dwarfism (mean SL 60 mm versus the 80-125 mm described). Also, following the everlasting discussion about the best length measurement, it is concluded that in this species, TL, (total length) obtains better regressions coefficient than SL (standard length) and is the recommendable length measurement

Comportament reproductiu dels peixos. Definició de patrons i accions de comportament

Reproduction in fishes is a complex event that include nest building behaviour, cortship, mating and parental careo Nest building behaviour is a prezigolic investrnent but also may serve as a way to select a partner or be chosen by one. Coutship serves as mutual appeasement and recognition of the partners in the process of pair formation but most likely for keeping up and improving the synchronization between the mates. During the spawning act, sexual products of both sexes, sperm and ova, are mixed in free water or by internal fertilization, developing an embryo. Parental care is a post-zygotic investment that directly contribute to the survival and reproductive success of the offspring. In sorne way, nest building behaviour could be defined as a type of parental careo Parental and partner selection strategies in fishes are reviewed and accompanied by almost 100 actualized reproductive behavioural acts and patterns

Evaluación de dos medios bacterianos aceleradores del proceso de nitrificación en filtros biológicos de cultivos marinos

Se evalúan dos medios bacterianos aceleradores del proceso de nitrificación en un sistema de circulación de agua cerrado. Como substrato de crecimiento de las bacterias se estableció una carga de arena viva sobre filtros sernihúmedos y como productores de amonio 17 doradas (Sparus aurata) por tanque de cultivo de 400 L. Los parámetros físico-químicos fueron analizados y registrados del mismo modo para cada uno de los grupos. Los medios bacterianos evaluados fueron Alken Clear Flo 1200 y Biozyme. El tiempo para completar la oxidación del amonio no se redujo en ninguno de los dos tratamientos, pero disminuyó el tiempo para completar la oxidación de los nitritos en Biozyme y aumentó en Alken Clear Flo. La media de concentración basal más baja de amonio y nitrito se obtiene en el tanque tratado con Biozyme seguido del tratado con Alken Clear Flo y el tanque control.Commercial bacterial formulations were added to new seawater tanks with individual recirculating systems, and their ability to accelerate the establishment of nitrification was compared with an untreated control. Crushed shells were used as filter media in biological trickle filters and 17 mediterranean seabreams (Sparus aurata) were introduced in the 400 L tanks as ammonia producers. Physico-chernical parameters were monitored and recorded with the sarne procedure for each of the experimental groups. The time for effective ammonia oxidation was not reduced in any of both treatments, but time of nitrite reduction diminished for Biozyme and increased in Alken Clear Flo. Baseline values for ammonia and nitrite through the experiment were lower for Biozyme, followed by Alken Clear Flo 1200 and control tan

Diferències morfomètriques i merístiques entre l'orada cultivada i salvatge

Gilthead seabream is of high commercíal interest and has become an important aquacultural resource in the Mediterranean countries. Now, the aim of improving the quality of reared products in order to meet markets preferences of conformity with wild standards is a new priority, The aim of this study is the use of morphometrics and meristics for the quantification of the differences in quality assessment and on their causative factors between and within sea bream reared in different fish farms and wild standards. Reared S.auratus show higher body depth, caudal peduncle depth, last dorsal spine, anal fin rays number and position of first anal spine respect to dorsal, and lower head depth, snout length, preorbital length, predorsal length, dorsal fin base, pectoral fin length, ventral fin length, caudal peduncle length, scales berween lateral line and dorsal, pectoral fin rays number and largest dorsal fin spine than wild sea bream. Apart of this measures, Cupimar hatchery facility has fish with lower head length, interorbital length and distance between pelvic and pectoral fins than wild sea bream; Maresa hatchery físhes have lower anal fin base and higher head length than wild standards, Blanes Peix sea cages show lower head length, orbital diameter and interorbital length than wild standards; and Aquadelt fishes show lower head length, orbital diameter, interorbital length, distance berween pelvic and pectoral fins and preanal length than wild sea bream and a non significant difference in last dorsal spine

Fisheries advisory report for the Northern GSA 6 2023 (ICATMAR, 23-09)

16 pages, 13 figures, 1 tableThis report conveys ICATMAR’s considerations on fisheries management actions supported by data from its monitoring programWith the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)Peer reviewe

Estudi Socioeconòmic sobre la flota pesquera catalana. Descripció del mostreig i les dades obtingudes en l’estudi efectuat sobre la flota del port de Palamós (ICATMAR 23-12)

52 pages, 30 figures, 1 table, 5 annexesEn el marc de la recopilació de dades sobre la pesca a Catalunya realitzat per l’Institut Català de Recerca per a la Governança del Mar (ICATMAR), l’any 2020 es va començar la recollida sistemàtica de dades socioeconòmiques sobre la flota pesquera comercial catalana a través d’una prova pilot al port de Vilanova i la Geltrú (ICATMAR 20-01). L’objectiu d’aquesta línia és obtenir dades perquè l’administració disposi de la informació necessària per tal de gestionar els recursos tenint en compte els interessos, a vegades contraposats, de tota la comunitat pesquera. La Direcció General de Política Marítima i Pesca Sostenible (DGPMPS) de la Generalitat de Catalunya disposa de les dades d’ingressos per vendes en euros, preu mitjà de les espècies comercials i captures en pes de tota la flota que ven a les llotges de Catalunya, però no té encara informació sobre les despeses de l’activitat econòmica pesquera ni sobre l’estructura social del sector. Seguint l’estructuració de la costa catalana en 3 zones (Nord, Centre i Sud, ICATMAR 22-04), el pla d’acció contempla realitzar un estudi socioeconòmic al llarg del territori, per a poder dur a terme una anàlisi comparativa entre zones. Per a aquesta segona fase de l’estudi socioeconòmic de la flota pesquera catalana, es va escollir el port de Palamós perquè la seva mida és comparable a la del port de Vilanova i la Geltrú, on es va realitzar la prova pilot, està situat a la zona Nord del litoral català i també hi són ben representades les diferents pesqueres practicades a Catalunya (Figura 1). Actualment la flota pesquera de Palamós consta de 3 barques d’encerclament, 23 barques d’arrossegament i 16 barques d’arts menors (sonseres, tresmalls, soltes, nanses i palangre de fons), totes elles en actiu i amb horaris de sortida, arribada i venda a llotja diferents en funció de cada modalitat de pesca. A més, la Confraria d’aquest port compta amb 2 mariscadors que, en funció de l’època de l’any, es dediquen a les modalitats de línies de mà i canya, poteres i marisqueig (Figura 2). Tant l’art d’arrossegament com el d’encerclament fan parades temporals per veda (2 i 1 mesos a l’hivern respectivament), les sonseres fan parada per “veda biològica” (2,5 mesos també a l’hivern) per tal de contribuir a la regeneració dels caladors que exploten i preservar la seva espècie objectiu i, per últim, els mariscadors fan veda de l’eriçó (Paracentrotus lividus) durant 5 mesos entre primavera i estiu. Les vedes estan regulades per la Unió Europea per garantir la sostenibilitat de les activitats pesqueres i que aquestes tinguin el mínim impacte en l’ecosistema marí. [...]With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)Peer reviewe