Rechtsvacuum In The Conviction Of The Criminal Act Of Bribery Assistance

Bribery assistance perpetrators have an essential function in a series of incidents of bribery. It has juridical consequences regarding the need for a clear and definite conviction for them. The ambiguity of Article 15 of Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, given the position of perpetrators of bribery assistance, has had a major impact on the rechtsvacuum in the criminal justice system on bribery crimes. Based on the study of this normative method article, it was found that criminalization in bribery cases, in fact, does not only include active and passive perpetrators of bribery, but the existence of perpetrators of bribery assistance cannot be ruled out either. There is the fact that the provision for bribery assistance in Article 15 of Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes has resulted in a rechtsvacuum in terms of conviction in bribery cases. This situation has clearly resulted in uncertainty regarding the criminal sanction imposition for bribery assistance perpetrators

The Territory Supervisory Assembly Sanctions for Double Deeds of Sale and Purchase

Notaries have an important role in resolving legal problems in society, the evidence used by notaries is written. Notaries are responsible for maintaining public trust and upholding legal ethics and dignity in carrying out their profession. On the other hand, notaries must be proper and comply with the Code of Ethics which is based on Notary Position Law No. 2 of 2014, as amended by Law No. 30 of 2004, hereinafter referred to as UUJN. Notaries are required to comply with statutory regulations. If the notary does not comply with applicable statutory regulations, he will receive sanctions in accordance with the violations he has committed. Notaries who are proven to have violated the obligations and prohibitions of Notaries as regulated in Article 16 paragraph (1) letter a, Article 16 paragraph (1) letter d, Article 16 paragraph (1) letter e, and Article 16 paragraph (1) letter m UUJN, can be subject to sanctions in the form of civil sanctions, administrative sanctions, code of ethics sanctions and even criminal sanctions. Notaries who commit violations are not immediately punished, Article 7 paragraph 2 states that "Notaries who violate the provisions may be subject to sanctions in the form of: written warning; temporary dismissal; honorable dismissal; or dishonorable dismissal." Notaries who violate these provisions will be given the opportunity, if the notary who violates continues to repeat the same violation, the Honorary Board and the Supervisory Council each have the right to carry out their own examination if there are individual notaries who commit violations. Notaries who knowingly violate the code of ethics can be subject to sanctions and can harm the parties and the notary himself

KEBIJAKAN FORMULASI ANCAMAN PIDANA MINIMAL KHUSUS SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI MASA YANG AKAN DATANG

Abstrak : Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 1999 jo Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam praktiknya telah menimbulkan beberapa permasalahan, diantaranya adalah berkaitan dengan penerapan penjatuhan pemidanaan yang dirasa masih kurang adil, contohnya seseorang swasta dalam perkara tindak pidana korupsi hanya merugikan keuangan negara sejumlah Rp.50.000.000.00 di pidana dengan pidana penjara minimal 4 tahun untuk Pasal 2 dan seseorang yang mempunyai jabatan dan merugikan keuangan negara Rp.500.000.000.00 di nyatakan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana korupsi sebagaimana yang dimaksud dalam Pasal 3 dan di pidana dengan pidana selama 1 tahun, serta dalam praktiknya terdakwa yang tidak menikmati hasil korupsi dan hanya sebagai seseorang yang turut serta membantu kejahatan juga di pidana penjara sama dengan pelaku utama tindak pidana korupsi, hal tersebut dilakukan oleh hakim karena belum adanya aturan atau pedoman penjatuhan ancaman pidana minimal khusus dalam undang-undang tindak pidana korupsi.Undang-undang No. 31 tahun 1999 jo Undang-undang No. 20 tahun 200 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi hanya mengatur tentang ancaman pidana maksimal dan minimal, sedangkan untuk tahap aplikasi, ancaman pidana minimal khusus dalam Undang-undang Undang-undang No. 31 tahun 1999 Jo Undang-undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi tidak ada karena tidak adanya pedoman atau aturan dalam penjatuhan pidana minimal khusus  sehingga hakim tidak dapat menjatuhkan pidana dibawah batas  minimal ancaman pidana yang ditentukan oleh undang-undang. Kata Kunci: Kebijakan Formulasi, Ancaman Pidana Minimal Khusus.

The Optimization of Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL)

The right to own land is a very important right, this is a guarantee of legal certainty regarding land ownership. In order to achieve optimization in land registration, the government created a complete systematic land registration system or PTSL. In fact, the implementation of PTSL has not been optimal, especially in Pati Regency. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be understood that the implementation of PTSL in Pati Regency has not been able to materialize effectively. There are strict sanctions from the government.Keywords: Complete; Land; Registration; Systematic

PERSPECTIVE OF MEDIATION EFFECTIVENESS THEORY AS MAIN OPTIONS IN ORDER TO LOWER DIVORCE RATE

The purpose of this paper is to examine mediation as a way effective to reduce the divorce rate and the obstacles and challenges that create mediation as the means chosen to reduce the divorce rate in Indonesia. The increase and decrease in claimable divorce rates can basically be monitored , if supported by various parties, including through the implementation of effective mediation and efficient. In general, the biggest cause of divorce in Indonesia is dispute continuous and economic problems. Socialization and counseling about coaching the sakinah family has been awarded by the authorities. There is an obligation to conduct mediation before entering the court's domain as regulated in Supreme Court Regulation No.1 of 2016 is still being carried out half-heartedly tends to be mere formality. This is one of the obstacles in the difficulty there is an agreement in the mediation process. The divorce rate can be reduced significantly significant, if the parties involved in household cases have been pushed to take advantage of mediation institutions from an early age. The five elements according to effectiveness theory related to mediation as the main choice in suppressing the divorce rate well done

Pengaruh Pemberian Ampas Tahu Fermentasi Sebagai Pakan Konvensonal Terhadap Biaya Produksi Itik Pedaging

This study was conducted to determine the effect of fermented tofu waste (ATF) as conventional feed on the cost of broiler duck production. 200 day old ducks (DOD) were maintained. The experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 feed treatments. Each treatment consisted of 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 10 DOD. The research treatments were: P0 (100% BR1), P1 (90% BR1 and 10% ATF), P2 (80% BR1 and 20% ATF), and P3 (70% BR1 and 30% ATF). The parameters were production costs, income, and income over feed costs. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Different results continued using the Least Significant Difference test (LSD 1% and 5%). Giving ATF to level 30% in feed had an effect (P <0.05) on feed costs and was highly significant (P <0.01) on income over feed costs, but does not affect income. Giving ATF in feed up to level 30% as conventional feed can reduce production costs in maintaining of ducks.Â

MENGUKUR KOMITMEN: Analisis Kebijakan Perencanaan dan Anggaran Nasional terhadap Pengelolaan Hutan dan Lahan di Indonesia

Anggaran Adalah Sebuah instrumen Strategis melakukan penilaiyan terhadap kualiatas dari suwatu komitmen kebijakan, baik di tingkat pemerintah pusat maupun pemerintah daerah. kebijakan anggaran juga meliputi seluruh sektor urusan dan fungsi. Kegitan industri berbasis hutan dan lahan memiliki kontribusi rata-rata sebesasr 27 persen terhadap penerimaan Negara selama empat tahun terakhir (2009-2012) melalui skema penerimaan Negara bukan Pajak (PNPB). Hal ini menunjukan adanya aktifitas ekspoitasi lahat dan hutan dengan intensitas cukup tinggi sehingga berpotensi terhadap timbulnya resiko kerusakan ekologi, kerugian ekonomi dan kesenjagan sosial. Selain itu komitmen kebijakan pemerintah pusat yang di tuangankan dalam dokumen rencana pembangunan pemerintah akan di telaah secara mendalam yaituh terkait indikator kinerjanya yang kemudian di bandingkan denga data realisasinya sebagai mana terdapat dalam angka-angka statistik. Program SETAPAK, yang di danai United Kingdom Climate Change Unit (UKCCU), bertujuan untuk meningkatakan tatakelola hutan dan lahan di Indonesia, Program SETAPAK mendukung upaya LSM-LSM di Indonesia yang dapat berperan dalam tata kelola hutan dan lahan, Termasuk dalam memperdebatkan kebijakan pemerintah agar lebih efektif dalam mencapai pembangunan yang berkelanjutan. Atas tersusunya laporan ini kami mengucapkan terimakasih dan apresiasi yang setinggi-tingginya kepda UKCCU atas dukungannya terhadap program SETAPAK dan study ini hususnya. teklupa kepada para peneliti di nasional dan daerah atas kerja kerasnya untuk mendapatkan data dan menganalisisnya, semoga studi ini bermanfaat untuk perbaikan pengelolaan hutan dan lahan yang lebih baik

Behind the Glitz of the 2010 Budget

At the end of every year, it is important to reflect upon and evaluate the quality of national budget policies. The National Secretariat of the Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency (Seknas FITRA), together with its network of budget advocacy units across Indonesia, has consistently provided annual reports on budget performance. Such reports are an important part of its budget transparency work program and its effort to realize popular sovereignty over national budgets 2010 was the first year of President Susilo Bambang Yudoyono (SBY)'s second term of office following his re-election in 2009. In this second term, SBY should be able to be more resolute in his espousal of good budget policies and should not accord any priority to maintaining his political image. The principal emphases in the 2010 State budget (APBN 2010) were that it should promote “national economic recovery and boost community welfare”. But all that turned out to be mere rhetoric. The reality was that the budget was further removed than ever from the mandate of Article 23 of the Consititution that national budgets “shall be implemented in an open and accountable manner in order to best attain the prosperity of the people”. Instead of being used to promote the public interest, 40.7% of the 2010 APBN was consumed by routine expenditure on the bureaucracy and top echelons of the civil service. Furthermore, Rp 162.6 trillion of that 40.7% was spent on civil service costs, Rp 19.5 trillion on official travel and Rp 153.6 trillion on payment of interest on loans or loan repayments

A Year of Hijacking of Budgets by the Elite, Bypassing Public Welfare: End of Year Notes and Reflections by SEKNAS FITRA on Budget Year 2011

2011 was a year of budget hijacking by Indonesia's political and bureaucratic elite to the detriment of public welfare. An important factor at play in this situation was increasing “budget mafia” activity, evident in corruption cases within the Ministries of Youth & Sport and Labor & Transmigration; and in confirmation of charges against members of the Budget Committee (Banggar) of the House of Representatives (DPR) as accomplices in those cases. This turn of events confirms that Banggar has become a springboard for budget mafia activity. And, this year, hijacking of budgets has taken place in broad daylight with funds from the public purse being openly squandered on activities of benefit to political and bureaucratic leaders. Proposed construction of a new DPR building has a bad smell about it; purchase of a Presidential aircraft makes no sense; burdens of debt weigh more heavily on citizens; and official travel votes have become like feeding troughs for bureaucrats. All of this has amounted to nothing less than a hijacking of the State budget acted out in full public view. Hijacking of Indonesia's budgets continues because of Indonesia's weak law enforcement regime and because budget processes remain closed. Thus, in comparison to the amount spent on corruption eradication, the value of embezzled assets returned to the public purse is modest. The overall situation was made worse by the predilection of public institutions—especially ministries, agencies and political parties—not to be open about budgetary information. This derailing of budgetary funds has had implications for expenditure on education and health—both of which continued to be ineffective. Although government has managed to spend 20% of budgetary resources on education, education budgets have, at the same time, become a dumping ground for all sorts of activities. Moreover, at the central level, education funding is dispersed across 19 ministries and agencies and almost half of it is being appropriated for payment of salaries. Government is also not meeting its legal obligation to spend 5% of budgetary resources on health. It is no surprise, therefore, that Indonesia's Human Development Index (HDI)—which encompasses education and health—declined in 2011. The elite's hijacking of budgets has also led to neglect of public welfare in regions. A principal cause of this has been distortions of the system for fiscal transfers from the central government to regions (known as dana perimbangan). Those distortions have impacted badly on regional budgetary processes. Indeed, it is the fiscal transfers system itself that is acting as a catalyst for increased civil service spending in regions and for promotion of even more fiscal imbalance among regions. Around half of Indonesia's sub-national (regional) governments are appropriating more than 50% of their budgets to fund civil service costs. This situation was made worse by increased levels of misappropriation of regional funds—evident from national Audit Board reports. FITRA's projections and recommendations for 2012 reflect the assessment that budgets for 2012 are unlikely to be very different to those of 2011. Budget processes are still on a business-as-usual footing. Hijacking of budgets by the elite and neglect of public welfare will continue unless government completely revamps current pro-“rent-seeking” budgetary processes. And, as the next general election approaches, budget mafias will peddle their wares even more actively as they become players in political contests. According to FITRA's projections, State budget funding of civil service costs will continue to blow out in 2012 without any improvement of service provided or any diminution in the level of misappropriated funds. 2012 State funding for education will continue to resemble a dumping ground for sundry activities. The legal requirement to spend 5% of budgetary resources on health will, yet again, not be met. And national Audit Board reporting will continue to be little more than an annual ritual that cannot be counted on to improve the quality of budgetary spending. To put a stop to budget mafia operations, budget processes need to be totally revamped. Above all else, budgetary processes need to be open. To achieve that, the Law on State Finances needs to be revised to ensure in particular that it contains specific provisions fleshing out the Constitutional mandate that State budgets “shall be implemented in an open and accountable manner in order to best attain the prosperity of the people”. In addition, corruption eradication efforts should focus on the return of State assets to the public purse by those found guilty of embezzling them. Both the President and the DPR should become agents for change—to make budgets more efficient—and should refrain from deriving personal benefit from State-financed facilities. Revision of the regional fiscal transfers system must also be a priority. That system should squarely focus on realizing fundamental civic rights by reducing per capita fiscal inequalities among regions. The system's policy framework should therefore facilitate more efficient spending on regional civil services and promote greater prosperity for the people