Effectiveness of probiotic Rumit in the dairy Ayrshire cattle diet

The effect of using enzymatic and probiotic preparation “Rumit” in feeding the Ayrshire cattle has been studied. The objectives included the analysis of biochemical blood parameters of newborn cows, research of the feed additive action on the activity of rumen microflora and milk productivity level, as well as calculation of economic efficiency of the probiotic. To implement the objectives the experiment was carried out in the period from March to July 2021 on the basis of OOO “Zarya” of Chagodoshchensky district of the Vologda Oblast. During the experiment there were formed two groups of the Ayrshire cattle of 15 cows each at the beginning of lactation, selected by the method of balanced groups. Cows of the control group received the farm diet, and the experimental group was given an additional 50 g per head per day of probiotic “Rumit” in the daily feeding. The duration of the experiment was 90 days. Use of the probiotic in the experimental group contributed to the increase of rumen microflora activity by 28 % (P≤0.05). In the analysis of biochemical blood parameters of the experimental animals, compared with the control group, there was an increase in total protein by 14.3 % (P≤0.05), urea decreased by 19 % (P≤0.05) and bilirubin fell by 21.3 % (P≤0.05). There was an increase in cows’ milk productivity in the experimental group by 6.7 % and, as a consequence, a 5.2 % reduction in the cost of energy feed units for production. Additional profit from selling milk in the experimental group was 37.32 rubles per head per day

Temperature-dependent magnetospectroscopy of HgTe quantum wells

We report on magnetospectroscopy of HgTe quantum wells in magnetic fields up to 45 T in temperature range from 4.2 K up to 185 K. We observe intra- and inter-band transitions from zero-mode Landau levels, which split from the bottom conduction and upper valence subbands, and merge under the applied magnetic field. To describe experimental results, realistic temperature-dependent calculations of Landau levels have been performed. We show that although our samples are topological insulators at low temperatures only, the signature of such phase persists in optical transitions at high temperatures and high magnetic fields. Our results demonstrate that temperature-dependent magnetospectroscopy is a powerful tool to discriminate trivial and topological insulator phases in HgTe quantum wells

Observation of Spin Relaxation Anisotropy in Semiconductor Quantum Wells

Spin relaxation of two-dimensional electrons in asymmetrical (001) AlGaAs quantum wells are measured by means of Hanle effect. Three different spin relaxation times for spins oriented along [110], [1-10] and [001] crystallographic directions are extracted demonstrating anisotropy of D'yakonov-Perel' spin relaxation mechanism. The relative strengths of Rashba and Dresselhaus terms describing the spin-orbit coupling in semiconductor quantum well structures. It is shown that the Rashba spin-orbit splitting is about four times stronger than the Dresselhaus splitting in the studied structure.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC PHASE TRANSITIONS IN THE GdFeAl1-XSiX SYSTEM

GdFeAl1-xSix crystallizes into the phases: hexagonal of the MgZn2 (P63/mmc) type (x=0-0.8), tetragonal of the CeFeSi (P4/nmm) type (x=0.3-1) and cubic of the MgCu2 (Fd3m) type (x=0-0.7). Curie point increases for the hexagonal and cubic and decreases for the te-tragonal phases, moment Fe vanishes.Работа выполнена при поддержке проекта РНФ № 18-72-10098

Studies of Genetic Diversity of Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated in Central-Caucasian High-Mountain Natural Plague Focus

Studied have been Yersinia pestis strains isolated in Central-Caucasian high-mountain natural plague focus within the period of 1971–2012 using MLVA typing on 25 VNTR-loci. Analysis of dendrogram cluster association with certain areas, objects, and periods of the strain isolation has been carried out by means of Arc GIS 10.1 software. Established has been the connection between 25 MLVA Y. pestis types and spatial and temporal characteristics of strains isolation in the Central-Caucasian high-mountain natural plague focus, and proline requirement too. Clusters, groups and subgroups of the strains are confined to particular territories as it follows: groups are attributed to landscape-epizootiological regions, subgroups – to mountain souslik settlements. Occasionally groups of the strains disseminate onto the other landscape-epizootiological regions of the focus. Genetic variations of plague agent strains within the limits of mountain souslik settlements evolve over time which can be viewed as indirect evidence of microevolution mechanism effect

Natural Focal Viral Fevers in the South of the European Part of Russia. Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal syndrome

Objective of the study was to determine the modem epizootic and epidemic peculiarities of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the south of the European part of Russia. Materials and methods. Data of statistical documentation (epidemiological survey of the infectious disease focus, annual summary reports dated 2009-2018) and epizootic monitoring data submitted by the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations and the Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the constituent entities of the Southern and the North Caucasian Federal Districts were used. Descriptive, analytical methods and retrospective epidemiological analysis were applied. Results and discussion. The circulation of hantavirus in the Volgograd and Astrakhan Regions, Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, Republics of Adygeya, Kalmykia and Crimea was confirmed. However, two geographically and genetically isolated groups of hantaviruses circulating in the Volgograd Region and in the mountain-foothill zone of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygeya were the most epidemiologically significant. Over the period of 2009-2018, 152 HFRS cases with annual fluctuations from 4 to 25 cases were registered. Almost all patients lived in the Volgograd Region (44 cases), where the incidence is caused by the HFRS-Puumala virus, or in the Krasnodar Territory (98 cases), where the HFRS Hantavirus Dobrava-Ap circulates. In HFRS patients with the HFRS-Dobrava-Ap virus severe clinical forms were noted at twice the rate, a fatal outcome in one patient with HFRS-Puumala was recorded. The correct preliminary diagnosis was made for 56.3 per cent of patients in the Volgograd Region and only for 31.7 per cent of patients in the Krasnodar Territory and in the Republic of Adygeya. There are different types of natural HFRS foci in the European south of Russia, they vary by the type of hosts and hantaviruses circulating in them - Puumala, Dobrava, Tula, and Dobrava-Ap. Natural foci where of HFRS-PUU and HFRS-DOB-Ap viruses circulate have high epidemic potential. Severe forms of the HFRS are more often observed in patients with the HFRS-DOB-Ap virus

Hospital Stage of Myocardial Infarction Treatment in 13 Regions of Russian Federation by Results of the International Research

Aim. To describe the characteristics of the patient with MI who is admitted to a hospital and to characterize the main diagnostic and treatment interventions in clinic. Material and methods. This study is observational and the part of big international project. It includes a representative sample of patients with MI admitted to 16 clinics in 13 regions of Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk region, Belgorod region, Bryansk region, Tver region, Saratov region, Rostov region, Samara region, the Republic of Tatarstan, Perm region, Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous district, Kemerovo region, Altai region). Patients were selected at random from among those experiencing a MI that were alive on the next morning after hospitalization. Enrollment took place from June 2015 to August 2016. Results. Of 1,128 patients included in the study, 872 were male (77.3%) and 256 females. 21.4% of patients had a previous MI, 8.3% had undergone PCI, and 2.2% CABG. Turning to cardiovascular risk factors, 46.2% of patients smoked prior to hospitalization, 34.6% were obese and 52.1% had a high cholesterol level. Only 40.0% of patients had no contact with the health care system within 12 months before the MI. Every fourth patient (25.1%) had undergone dispensarisation within 12 months before MI, women significantly often than men (33.5% and 22.6%, p < 0.001). Initial revascularization was performed in 73.2% of patients, PCI was the initial revascularization attempt in 49.4% of patients, and PCI with stenting in 46.7%. Conclusion. Patient with a MI in Russian clinics is likely to have had a history of cardiovascular disease, and to have regular contact with the health care system within 12 months before the development of cardiovascular event. We demonstrated the high rates of appropriate MI treatment, without significant gender and age difference (except for thrombolysis), however, there is a reserve for increasing the proportion of patients who are undergoing revascularization

Features of the generation of fast particles from microstructured targets irradiated by high intensity, picosecond laser pulses

The use of targets with surface structures for laser-driven particle acceleration has potential to significantly boost the particle and radiation energies because of enhanced laser absorption. We investigate, via experiment and particle-in-cell simulations, the impact of micron-scale surface-structured targets on the spectrum of electrons and protons accelerated by a picosecond laser pulse at relativistic intensity. Our results show that, compared with flat-surfaced targets, structures on this scale give rise to a significant enhancement in particle and radiation emission over a wide range of laser-target interaction parameters. This is due to the longer plasma scale length when using micro-structures on the target front surface. We do not observe an increase in the proton cutoff energy with our microstructured targets, and this is due to the large volume of the relief

MANGANESE SUBSTITUTION ALLOYS BASED ON GdMnSi

Intermetallic compounds GdTSi, T = Fe, Co, Ni, Mn have a wide variety of magnetic and magnetothermal properties. New intermetallic compounds GdMn1-xVxSi, GdMn1-xCrxSi, GdMn1-xRuxSi with a tetragonal structure of the CeFeSi-type (P4/nmm) were synthesized and their properties were studied.Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-22-00066, https://rscf.ru/project/24-22-00066