Vukovi i smrt: tanatolosko znacenje vuka u tradicijskoj kulturi zapadnojuznoslavenskog podrucja

Associations of wolves with death and the world of the dead have been of common and frequent across European and Indo-European cultures throughout history. In arguing for similar thanatological symbolism of the wolf in the western part of the South Slavic linguistic and cultural region, mythologists and philologists of the 19th and 20th centuries have cited contemporary ethnographic and folkloristic data among their supporting evidence. However, in the folk beliefs, narrations and customs that were recorded systematically from the end of the 19th century for this region, indications of a direct connection between wolves and thanatological conceptions are exceedingly scarce. The article presents a synthesis of those ethnographic and folkloric elements that unequivocally link wolves with folk conceptions of death and the cult of the dead, and offers a sober assessment of their signi cance in the relative synchrony of 19th- and 20th-century traditional (rural) meanings and practices. Within the referential framework of folk thanatology, it also critically evaluates existing hypotheses on the connection between wolves and vampires

Aspects of Historical Poetics and Pragmatics of Slavic Charms

Although traditional verbal charms and incantation rituals have received extensive attention in Slavic ethnolinguistics and folklore studies, the need still exists for a more in-depth poetic and contextual (re)analysis of ritual texts, especially of the interrelation between their stylistic, compositional, referential and functional properties. In this context, the article points towards the possible benefits of an integrated pragmatic and (ethno)poetic text analysis that centers on the semiotic concepts of iconicity and indexicality. Through an examination of a number of South and East Slavic samples the authors discuss the various ways in which poetic and figurative stylization and structuring in verbal charms correlates (indexically and iconically) with their meanings and functions within the performative (actional-ritual) and broader sociocultural context. In doing so, they attempt to demonstrate how an analysis along poetic-pragmatic lines may prove fruitful for the revalorization of the poetic, performative, social, and cultural efficacy of charms and incantations as verbal rituals, and hence for a recovery of the sociocultural “memory” of these ritual texts

Voicing folk for the academy: interdiscursivity and collective identity in a north dalmatian ethnography, 1899 - 1900

U kontekstu rane hrvatske etnografske i etnološke prakse članak ispituje specifične diskurzivne realizacije pučkih identiteta u monografiji V. Ardalića o Bukovici s kraja 19. stoljeća. Razmatrajući tekst kao lokus dijaloškog-interaktivnog posredovanja i produkcije autentičnih kolektivnih identiteta između pučkog (lokalnog, dijalektalnog) i akademskog (centraliziranog, institucijskog, standardnog) diskursa, autor cilja i na revalorizaciju teksta kao povijesnoga i filološkoga izvora za proučavanje nastanka etnokulturnih identiteta u toj regiji. Prihvaćajući pragmatičku i diskurzivno-analitičku perspektivu, članak nastoji razjasniti i očite i skrivene ideologije, kategorije i izvedbe identiteta u etnografskome tekstu kao interdiskurzivnoj konstrukciji, te pritom posebnu pozornost posvećuje dijaloškim aspektima procesa tekstualizacije i kontekstualizacije. Analiza razotkriva različite razine/stupnjeve i strategije/procese diskurzivnog oblikovanja identiteta što se iščitavaju iz teksta, a koji se indeksiraju npr. stereotipnim predikacijama i atribucijama. Članak zaključuje – i potvrđuje – da je sustavna i metodična pozornost za dijalogizam i polifoniju neophodan uvjet za pouzdano povijesno-pragmatičko proučavanje etnografske stvarnosti, uključujući identitete.This paper examines the specific discursive realizations of \u27folk identities\u27 in a north Dalmatian ethnographic account from the end of the nineteenth century in the context of early Croatian institutional- ethnographic practice. By treating the text in question as a site for the dialogic-interactive mediation and production of \u27authentic\u27 collective identities between local/folk (dialectal) and centralized, academic-institutional (standard) discourses, it also aims at reassessing its value as a historical and philological source for the study of ethno-cultural identity formation in the region. Adopting a pragmatic/discourse-analytic perspective, and devoting particular attention to dialogic aspects of the entextualization and contextualization process, our investigation seeks to elucidate latent and overt ideologies, categories and \u27performances\u27 of identity in the ethnographic text-as-interdiscursive-construction. The analysis reveals the different levels/orders and strategies/processes of discursive identity formation that emerge from the text, as indexed e.g. by stereotypical predications and attributions. It concludes – and confirms – that systematic and methodic attention for dialogism and polyphony is indispensable to a reliable historical pragmatics of \u27ethnographic reality\u27, \u27identities\u27 included

WOLVES AND DEATH: THE THANATOLOGICAL MEANING OF THE WOLF IN WESTERN SOUTH SLAVIC TRADITIONAL CULTURE

Asocijacije vukova sa smrću i svijetom mrtvih su u povijesti bile široko rasprostra­njene u europskom i indoeuropskom geografskom i kulturnom prostoru. Mitolozi i filolozi 19. i 20. stoljeća argumentirali su sličnu tanatološku simboliku vuka u zapadnome dijelu južnoslavenskoga jezičnog i kulturnog područja te su tomu u prilog navodili i etnografske i folklorističke podatke iz novijeg doba. Ipak, u usmenim predajama, vjerovanjima i običajima ovoga područja kakvi su se sustavno bilježili od kraja 19. stoljeća, za izravnu vezu vukova s tanatološkim predodžbama ima izni­mno malo indicija. Ova je rasprava sinteza tih etnografskih i folklornih elemenata koji nedvosmisleno povezuju vukove sa predodžbama o smrti i s kultom mrtvih te nudi trezvenu procjenu njihova značaja u relativnoj sinkroniji tradicijskih (ruralnih) značenja i praksi 19. i 20. stoljeća. U referencijskom okviru pučke tanatologije ujedno kritički evaluira postojeće hipoteze o vezi između vuka i demonskoga lika vampira.Associations of wolves with death and the world of the dead have been of common and frequent across European and Indo-European cultures throughout history. In arguing for similar thanatological symbolism of the wolf in the western part of the South Slavic linguistic and cultural region, mythologists and philologists of the 19th and 20th centuries have cited contemporary ethnographic and folkloristic data among their supporting evidence. However, in the folk beliefs, narrations and customs that were recorded systematically from the end of the 19th century for this region, indications of a direct connection between wolves and thanatological conceptions are exceedingly scarce. The article presents a synthesis of those ethnographic and folkloric elements that unequivocally link wolves with folk conceptions of death and the cult of the dead, and offers a sober assessment of their significance in the relative synchrony of 19th- and 20th-century traditional (rural) meanings and practices. Within the referential framework of folk thanatology, it also critically evaluates existing hypotheses on the connection between wolves and vampires

VOICING FOLK FOR THE ACADEMY: INTERDISCURSIVITY AND COLLECTIVE IDENTITY IN A NORTH DALMATIAN ETHNOGRAPHY, 1899-1900

U kontekstu rane hrvatske etnografske i etnološke prakse članak ispituje specifične diskurzivne realizacije pučkih identiteta u monografiji V. Ardalića o Bukovici s kraja 19. stoljeća. Razmatrajući tekst kao lokus dijaloškog-interaktivnog posredovanja i produkcije autentičnih kolektivnih identiteta između pučkog (lokalnog, dijalektalnog) i akademskog (centraliziranog, institucijskog, standardnog) diskursa, autor cilja i na revalorizaciju teksta kao povijesnoga i filološkoga izvora za proučavanje nastanka etnokulturnih identiteta u toj regiji. Prihvaćajući pragmatičku i diskurzivno-analitičku perspektivu, članak nastoji razjasniti i očite i skrivene ideologije, kategorije i izvedbe identiteta u etnografskome tekstu kao interdiskurzivnoj konstrukciji, te pritom posebnu pozornost posvećuje dijaloškim aspektima procesa tekstualizacije i kontekstualizacije. Analiza razotkriva različite razine/stupnjeve i strategije/procese diskurzivnog oblikovanja identiteta što se iščitavaju iz teksta, a koji se indeksiraju npr. stereotipnim predikacijama i atribucijama. Članak zaključuje – i potvrđuje – da je sustavna i metodična pozornost za dijalogizam i polifoniju neophodan uvjet za pouzdano povijesno-pragmatičko proučavanje etnografske stvarnosti, uključujući identitete.This paper examines the specific discursive realizations of \u27folk identities\u27 in a north Dalmatian ethnographic account from the end of the nineteenth century in the context of early Croatian institutional- ethnographic practice. By treating the text in question as a site for the dialogic-interactive mediation and production of \u27authentic\u27 collective identities between local/folk (dialectal) and centralized, academic-institutional (standard) discourses, it also aims at reassessing its value as a historical and philological source for the study of ethno-cultural identity formation in the region. Adopting a pragmatic/discourse-analytic perspective, and devoting particular attention to dialogic aspects of the entextualization and contextualization process, our investigation seeks to elucidate latent and overt ideologies, categories and \u27performances\u27 of identity in the ethnographic text-as-interdiscursive-construction. The analysis reveals the different levels/orders and strategies/processes of discursive identity formation that emerge from the text, as indexed e.g. by stereotypical predications and attributions. It concludes – and confirms – that systematic and methodic attention for dialogism and polyphony is indispensable to a reliable historical pragmatics of \u27ethnographic reality\u27, \u27identities\u27 included

Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infections increase mortality, pulmonary complications, and thromboembolic events : a Dutch, multicenter, matched-cohort clinical study

Background: A direct comparison of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive patients with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 negative control group undergoing an operative intervention during the current pandemic is lacking, and a reliable estimate of the assumed difference in morbidity and mortality between both patient categories remains unknown. Methods: We included all consecutive patients with a confirmed pre- or postoperative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive status (operated in 27 hospitals) and negative control patients (operated in 4 hospitals) undergoing emergency or elective operations. A propensity score-matched comparison of clinical outcomes was performed between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive and negative tested patients (control group). Primary outcome was overall 30-day mortality rate between both groups. Main secondary outcomes were overall, pulmonary, and thromboembolic complications. Results: In total, 161 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive and 342 control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 negative patients were included in this study. The 30-day overall postoperative mortality rate was greater in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive cohort compared with the negative control group (16% vs 4% respectively; P = .007). After propensity score matching, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive group consisted of 123 patients (median 70 years of age [interquartile range 59-77] and 55% male) were compared with 196 patients in the matched control group (median 69 years (interquartile range 58-75] and 53% male). The 30-day mortality rate and risk were greater in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive group compared with the matched control group (12% vs 4%; P = .009 and odds ratio 3.4 [95% confidence interval 1.5-8.5]; P = .005, respectively). Overall, pulmonary and thromboembolic complications occurred more often in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive patients (P < .01). Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with perioperative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have an increased risk of 30-day mortality, pulmonary complications, and thromboembolic events. These findings serve as an evidence-based argument to postpone elective surgery and selected emergency cases. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc