692 research outputs found
Experiential Avoidance and Technological Addictions in Adolescents
Background and aims This study focuses on the use of popular information and communication technologies (ICTs) by adolescents: the Internet, mobile phones, and video games. The relationship of ICT use and experiential avoidance (EA), a construct that has emerged as underlying and transdiagnostic to a wide variety of psychological problems, including behavioral addictions, is examined. EA refers to a self-regulatory strategy involving efforts to control or escape from negative stimuli such as thoughts, feelings, or sensations that generate strong distress. This strategy, which may be adaptive in the short term, is problematic if it becomes an inflexible pattern. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore whether EA patterns were associated with addictive or problematic use of ICT in adolescents. Methods A total of 317 students of the Spanish southeast between 12 and 18 years old were recruited to complete a questionnaire that included questions about general use of each ICTs, an experiential avoidance questionnaire, a brief inventory of the Big Five personality traits, and specific questionnaires on problematic use of the Internet, mobile phones, and video games. Results Correlation analysis and linear regression showed that EA largely explained results regarding the addictive use of the Internet, mobile phones, and video games, but not in the same way. As regards gender, boys showed a more problematic use of video games than girls. Concerning personality factors, conscientiousness was related to all addictive behaviors. Discussion and conclusions We conclude that EA is an important construct that should be considered in future models that attempt to explain addictive behaviors
Influence of Bi and Mn on the green luminescence of ZnO ceramics
The effect of the addition of Bi and Mn on the photoluminescence from ZnO ceramics has been investigated. The effect of the presence of impurities on the green luminescence band can be compared to the effect of oxidizing treatments. A narrow green band has been observed in Mn‐doped samples
Experimental and computational approach to the transient behaviour of wall-flow diesel particulate filters
[EN] The implementation of tight vehicle emission standards has forced manufactures to use aftertreatment systems extensively. In addition to pollutant emissions abatement, these devices have a noticeable impact on the wave pattern. This fact affects the muffler design criteria. All monolithic aftertreatment devices produces a damping effect because of the honeycomb structure and the narrow channels. However, this response is more marked in wall-flow diesel particulate filters (DPF) because of the alternatively plugged ends and the dissipative properties of the porous substrate.
The main goal of this paper is to assess the transient fluid-dynamic behaviour of wall-flow DPFs using experimental and modelling techniques. The experimental data were gathered in clean and loaded conditions. The DPF was subjected to a variety of pressure excitations to characterise its transient behaviour in the time and frequency domains. Afterwards, the DPF response was evaluated under engine-like operating conditions in an unsteady flow gas stand. Once the main characteristics of the response were known, a non-linear gas-dynamics model was proposed for analysis and prediction. The model accounts for space and time gradients, combining the thermo-and fluid-dynamic solution with a model based on a packed bed of spherical particles that defines the meso-structure of the loaded substrate. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad through Grant No. TRA2013-40853-R.Torregrosa, AJ.; Serrano, J.; Piqueras, P.; García Afonso, Ó. (2017). Experimental and computational approach to the transient behaviour of wall-flow diesel particulate filters. Energy. 119:887-900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.11.051S88790011
The Glial Cell of Human Cutaneous Sensory Corpuscles: Origin, Characterization, and Putative Roles
Sensory corpuscles of human skin are structures located at the peripheral end of the mechanoreceptive neurons and function as low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). In its structure, in addition to the axon, there are glial cells, not myelinating, that are organized in different ways according to the morphotype of sensitive corpuscle, forming the so-called laminar cells of Meissner’s corpuscles, the laminar cells of the inner core of Pacinian corpuscles, or cells of the inner core in Ruffini’s corpuscles. Classically the glial cells of sensory corpuscles have been considered support cells and passive in the process of mechanotransduction. However, the presence of ion channels and synapses-like systems between them and the axon suggests that corpuscular glial cells are actively involved in the transformation of mechanical into electrical impulses. This chapter is an update on the origin, development, cytoarchitecture, and protein profile of glial cells of sensitive corpuscles especially those of human glabrous skin
The Cutaneous Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Peripheral Neuropathies: Meissner’s Corpuscles and Merkel’s Cells
Cutaneous biopsy is a complementary method, alternative to peripheral nerve biopsy, for the analysis of nerve involvement in peripheral neuropathies, systemic diseases, and several pathologies of the central nervous system. Most of these neuropathological studies were focused on the intraepithelial nerve fibers (thin-myelinated Aδ fibers and unmyelinated C fibers), and few studies investigated the variations in dermal innervation, that is, large myelinated fibers, Merkel’s cell-neurite complexes, and Meissner’s corpuscles. Here, we updated and summarized the current data about the quantitative and qualitative changes that undergo MCs and MkCs in peripheral neuropathies. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive rationale to include MCs in the study of cutaneous biopsies when analyzing the peripheral neuropathies and aim to provide a protocol to study them
Mediterranean model of Pharmacy and the freedom of establishment in the European Union
El marco jurídico europeo relativo a oficinas de farmacia se encuentra en la Directivas de 1985 de
armonización de las legislaciones nacionales que establecen las condiciones para el ejercicio
profesional del farmacéutico. La reglamentación de la Unión Europea no recoge un criterio
comunitario para la planificación farmacéutica. Las Directivas de armonización de las legislaciones
nacionales de los Estados miembros reconocen la competencia estatal en materia de establecimiento
farmacéutico. Estas premisas dan lugar a la existencia de diferencias entre las legislaciones nacionales
respecto a los principios de limitación para el establecimiento. La Comisión de la UE se planteó la
compatibilidad de estas legislaciones con el principio comunitario de libertad de establecimiento
proclamado por el Tratado. El objetivo de esta comunicación es hacer un seguimiento en el
procedimiento planteado contra España y analizar la adecuación de las legislaciones cuestionadas al
derecho comunitario a la luz de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea.The European legal framework relating to pharmacies located on the directives of 1985 on the
harmonization of national laws which set conditions for professional pharmacists. The EU regulation
does not include a community approach for pharmaceutical planning. Directives to harmonize national
laws of Member States recognize the state competition in the field of pharmaceutical establishment.
These assumptions lead to the existence of differences between national laws on the principles of
limitation for the facility. The EU Commission considers the compatibility of these laws with the EU
principle of freedom of establishment proclaimed by the Treaty. The purpose of this communication is
to monitor the proceedings brought against Spain and to assess the adequacy of the laws challenged
with Community law in light of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Evidencias de Validez Diagnóstica de la Escala Detectaweb-Malestar
Evidence of diagnostic validity of the DetectaWeb-Distress ScaleAbstract: The DetectaWeb-Distress Scale is a web-based scale for screening and detecting internalizing disorder symptoms (anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress, obsessions and compulsions, and suicidality) in children and adolescents. Previous studies examined the validity and reliability of the scale, however, there are no data on its diagnostic validity. The objective of this study was to examine the evidence of diagnostic validity of the DetectaWeb-Distress scale in a sample of 244 children and adolescents from clinical (n = 51) and community (n = 193) settings, all of them with the diagnostic process completed. The results indicated that the DetectaWeb-Distress scale is a useful measure from a diagnostic point of view, as it discriminates between people with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depressive disorders and suicidality, and those without, presenting ROC values of approximately .80 and good sensitivity and specificity for detecting the main emotional disorders. The DetectaWeb-Distress Scale is a valid measure and diagnostically useful for detecting and identifying children and adolescents with anxiety disorders, depression and suicidality, with the advantage that it is a short measure, specifically developed for Internet use, especially relevant in the era of COVID-19.Keywords: DetectaWeb-Distress; assessment, anxiety, depression, children, adolescents.Evidencias de Validez Diagnóstica de la Escala Detectaweb-Malestar Resumen: La Escala DetectaWeb-Malestar es una escala de detección del malestar emocional a través de internet que evalúa síntomas de trastornos interiorizados (ansiedad, depresión, estrés postraumático, obsesiones y compulsiones y suicidalidad) en niños y adolescentes. Estudios anteriores han examinado la validez y fiabilidad de la escala, sin embargo, no cuenta con datos relativos a su validez diagnóstica. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar las evidencias de validez diagnóstica de la escala DetectaWeb-Malestar en una muestra de 244 niños y adolescentes procedentes de contextos clínico (n = 51) y comunitario (n = 193), todos con un proceso diagnóstico completado. Los resultados indicaron que la escala DetectaWeb-Malestar es una medida útil desde el punto de vista diagnóstico, ya que discrimina entre personas con trastornos de emocionales, como son los de ansiedad, depresión y suicidalidad y los que no lo padecen, presentando valores ROC en torno a .80 y adecuada sensibilidad y especificidad para detectar los principales trastornos emocionales. La escala DetectaWeb-Malestar es una medida válida y útil desde el punto de vista diagnóstico para detectar e identificar niños y adolescentes con problemas de ansiedad, depresión y suicidalidad, con la ventaja de que es una medida breve y desarrollada específicamente para su uso a través de Internet, especialmente relevante en la era de la COVID-19.Palabras clave: DetectaWeb-Malestar; evaluación; ansiedad; depresión; niños y adolescentes
Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: The PUMA project: II. Are local ULIRGs powered by AGN: The subkiloparsec view of the 220 GHz continuum
We analyze new high-resolution (400 pc) ∼220 GHz continuum and CO(2–1) Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of a representative sample of 23 local (z 1 for 70% of the sample. Therefore, this favors the presence of an obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN) in these objects that could dominate the LIR. We also classify the ULIRG nuclei in two groups: (a) compact nuclei (rcont < 120 pc) with high mid-infrared excess emission (ΔL6−20 μm/LIR) found in optically classified AGN; and (b) nuclei following a relation with decreasing ΔL6−20 μm/LIR for decreasing rcont. The majority, 60%, of the nuclei in interacting systems lie in the low-rcont end (<120 pc) of this relation, while this is the case for only 30% of the mergers. This suggests that in the early stages of the interaction, the activity occurs in a very compact and dust-obscured region while, in more advanced merger stages, the activity is more extended, unless an optically detected AGN is present. Approximately two-thirds of the nuclei have nuclear radiation pressures above the Eddington limit. This is consistent with the ubiquitous detection of massive outflows in local ULIRGs and supports the importance of the radiation pressure in the outflow launching process
Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: PUMA IV. No tight relation between cold molecular outflow rates and AGN luminosities
We study molecular outflows in a sample of 25 nearby (z< 0.17, d<750 Mpc)
ULIRG systems (38 individual nuclei) as part of the "Physics of ULIRGs with
MUSE and ALMA" (PUMA) survey, using ~400 pc (0.1-1.0" beam FWHM) resolution
ALMA CO(2-1) observations. We used a spectro-astrometry analysis to identify
high-velocity (> 300 km/s) molecular gas disconnected from the galaxy rotation,
which we attribute to outflows. In 77% of the 26 nuclei with , we identifid molecular outflows with an average
km/s, outflow masses , mass
outflow rates yr, mass-loading factors
, and an average outflow mass escape fraction
of 45%. The majority of these outflows (18/20) are spatially resolved with
radii of 0.2-0.9 kpc and have short dynamical times ()
in the range 0.5-2.8 Myr. The outflow detection rate is higher in nuclei
dominated by starbursts (SBs, 14/15=93%) than in active galactic nuclei (AGN,
6/11=55%). Outflows perpendicular to the kinematic major axis are mainly found
in interacting SBs. We also find that our sample does not follow the
versus AGN luminosity relation reported in previous works. In
our analysis, we include a sample of nearby main-sequence galaxies (SFR =
0.3-17 yr) with detected molecular outflows from the
PHANGS-ALMA survey to increase the dynamic range. Using these two
samples, we find a correlation between the outflow velocity and the SFR, as
traced by (, which is consistent
with what was found for the atomic ionised and neutral phases. Using this
correlation, and the relation between and , we
conclude that these outflows are likely momentum-driven.Comment: 27 pages, 23 figures; Appendix: 49 pages, 41 figures. Accepted for
publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic
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