Electrochemical Removal of Microorganisms in Drinking Water

It is known that silver, even in small concentrations (hundred parts of milligrams per liter), has the ability to destroy microorganisms, i.e. it has strong bactericidal abilities. Cleansing vast amount of water using bactericidal ability of silver is usually performed in electrochemical way. The advantages of electrochemical disinfection process like: (a) environmental compatibility, (b) versatility to kill a wide variety of microorganisms under mild conditions, (c) no need for adding chemical medicines and (d) the benefits of in-situ generation greatly lower problems and dangers of usage gas chlorine in water disinfection, which is greatest during transport and storing of this disinfectant. Appliances for electrochemical disinfection of drinking water eliminate these faults of conventional disinfection methods. Medical researches show that excess of chlorine in water reacts with organic matter, leading to mutations and cancer formation in digestion organs and bladder. This paper represents research of succesful microbiological disinfection of natural water that contains Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginisa, Sulfate-reducing clostridium, Streptococcus (F), Aeromonas, Citrobacter (F), Esherichia coli, Enterobacter (F) and Bacillus by water-disinfection appliance. This appliance can be used in water systems like water sorces, traps, reservoires, pools etc. (certificate of Clinical Center of Serbia)

The Knowledge of Nursing Studies Students and Non-Healthcare Studies Students about Antibiotics Consumption

Cilj istraživanja. Cilj ovog istraživanja je procijeniti razinu znanja studenata o uporabi antibiotika te istražiti znaju li kada se antibiotici koriste i u kojoj mjeri. Nacrt studije. Presječna studija. Ispitanici i metode. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom svibnja 2017. godine. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 121 ispitanik, od čega je 60 studenata s Medicinskog fakulteta Osijek, a 61 student s Ekonomskog fakulteta u Osijeku. U svrhu istraživanja, korišten je anketni upitnik koji se sastoji od devet pitanja otvorenog tipa (na koje osoba treba odgovoriti potvrdno ili negativno), jednog pitanja zatvorenog tipa (u kojemu je potrebno zaokružiti jedan od ponuđenih odgovora) te deset tvrdnji gdje ispitanik odgovora slaže li se ili ne s navedenom tvrdnjom ili na istu ne zna odgovor. Rezultati. Većina ispitanika je ženskog spola. Prosječna dob ispitanika bila je 22,13 godina. Najmlađi ispitanik je imao 21 godinu, a najstariji 42 godine. Većina (64 %) ispitanika koristila je antibiotike u zadnjih godinu dana, odnosno njih 50 % jedan do dva puta u protekloj godini. Zaključak. Većina ispitanika ima visoku razinu znanja o antibioticima i ima ispravne navike vezane uz upotrebu antibiotika. Žene imaju veću razinu znanja i bolje navike od muškaraca. Ispitanici s Medicinskog fakulteta Osijek imaju bolje znanje i navike od ispitanika s Ekonomskog fakulteta u Osijeku. Polovica ispitanika ne zbrinjava preostale antibiotike na pravilan način.Study goal. To assess the level of students' knowledge of the use of antibiotics and to examine whether they know when and how often antibiotics are used. Study design. A cross-sectional study. Methods and participants. The research was conducted in May 2017. The study included 121 respondents, 60 students of the Faculty of Medicine Osijek and 61 of the Osijek Faculty of Economics. In this study a questionnaire was used which consists of nine open type questions to be answered affirmatively or negatively, one closed type question and ten statements where the respondent agrees or disagrees with this statement or does not know the answer. Results. Most of the respondents are female. The average age of respondents was 22.13 years, the youngest was 21 years old and the oldest 42. Most (64%) of respondents used antibiotics in the last year and 50 % of them once or twice times in the last year. Conclusion. Most respondents have a high level of knowledge about antibiotics and have proper habits associated with the use of antibiotics. Females have a higher level of knowledge and better habits than males. The students of the Faculty of Medicine Osijek have better knowledge and habits than the respondents of the Osijek Faculty of Economics. Half of the respondents do not dispose of the remaining antibiotics properly

Role of local community in tourism development: Case study village Zabrega

Studies and researches on the role of a local community in tourism development of rural areas emphasize the significance of inhabitants’ attitudes about the state and perspectives of this activity. In this context, in the professional literature, the term CBT (community-based tourism) is used, which implies the involvement of local communities and planning of tourism development. The aim of the study is to determine the local population’s influence on starting an initiative for a tourist arranging of the village Zabrega in the Municipality of Paraćin, especially the sacral objects in the Crnica River Gorge. The following methods were applied: method of direct observation, analysis, synthesis, interview and survey in which the questions were of a closed and open type. Results of the research survey were analyzed in the software package for statistical processing and analysis of the data SPSS 20.00. It has been stated that the population has a positive attitude about the Society Petrus, which is the main organizer of the activities when the prosperity of the village Zabrega is in question, and that the local community is interested in engaging in the tourist activities, as demonstrated by numerous practical examples. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 176017 i br. 176008

Disparities among youth labour in Serbia

It is evident that the unemployment rate among young people in Serbia is much higher than in developed countries. The latest statistical data have shown that about 32 % of young people aged from 15 to 24 are unemployed or work in the field of the grey economy which is by 15 percentage points higher than the average of the youth unemployment rate in EU countries. Furthermore, Serbia has been facing youth labour disparities indicating more chances of entering the labour market for the male population than female. The reasons for this could be various. The paper includes data of the Labour Market Survey 2017 that was conducted by the Statistical Office of Serbia, and descriptive statistics results in order to explain the main reason for disparities within the youth labour market in Serbia. It is also important to emphasize that respectable insight into youth labour market as well as results of the research, will provide a significant contribution to unemployment problem-solving in Serbia

Čuvanje sportskog nasljeđa kao važan dio očuvanja kulturnog nasljeđa

Sedam punih desetljeća od osnivanja prve sportske muzejske zbirke u Srbiji pokrenulo je različite teme, od kojih je najvažnija nedostatak prostora za čuvanje vrijednih sportskih predmeta. Briga o izlošcima koji se odnose na povijest srpskog sporta važan je dio očuvanja kulturnog nasljeđa

Application of data mining in direct marketing in banking sector

The key of a successful business operation lies in a good communication with clients, and therefore companies are paying more attention to Customer Relationship Management. One strategy of the CRM is to analyze and understand the consumer’s behaviour and characteristics, and to reach the necessary answers based on the implementation of the direct marketing campaign. The aim of this study is to identify factors that would indicate the customers who are ready to submit long-term deposit to the bank. The obtained results will distinguish the group of clients who are satisfied with the bank's operations and are ready to participate in marketing campaigns. Having compared the methods used in the study, the method of classification has proved to be more reliable than others. This analysis obtains results through the use of data mining algorithm known as decision trees. The disadvantage of this method is inaccurate data supplied by the client

The role of a fine art work in the education of preschool and school children.

бразовању са идејом да учење у, и о уметности, доприноси постизању општих циљева. Уметност има историјску улогу у афирмацији баштине и историје, трагању за социјалном правдом, демократским вредностима и људским правима. У данашње време глобализације, уметност омогућава препознавање вредности других култура и њихове различитости, а разумевање различитих култура је, уједно, од виталног значаја за промоцију сопственог и националних идентитета. Уметност у образовању ојачава развој перцепције и експресије, доприноси самоспознаји и општем сазнању – развоју језика, критичког мишљења, вештинама решавања проблема итд. Помаже нам да упознамо себе и свет око себе, да поново откријемо културну баштину која је понекад заборављена, доприносећи развоју опште културе. У том смислу, уметничко наслеђе, дела ликовних, примењених уметности, уметничких заната, савремених медија, архитектуре, индустријског дизајна итд., могу бити значајан извор проучавања и сазнања како у предшколском, тако и у основношколском узрасту. Да би се на најбољи начин искористио потенцијал који поседују, важно је обезбедити подстицајну средину за учење унутар вртића и школа, где би се на узрасно одговарајући начин омогућила интеракција између уметничког дела, детета, наставника и окружења. У овом раду бавимо се успостављањем адекватних приступа и стратегија рада са ликовним делом у оквиру вртића и основних школа на основу теоријски заснованих схватања о могућностима и интересовањима деце датог узраста, као и представљањем едукативних програма за децу и наставнике у уметничким музејима и галеријама, који такође значајно могу допринети предшколској и школској пракси. Тако да циљ овог рада јесте да се покаже колики образовни потенцијал поседује подучавање помоћу ликовног дела у општем образовању и васпитању, уколико се примењују адекватни приступи и стратегије у раду са децом, а школе и вртићи повежу са институцијама културе. Постављен је још један циљ рада, а то је да се испитају ставови васпитача, учитеља и наставника ликовне културе о сопственој методичкој пракси у којој се користе ликовна дела, како би се утврдило да ли се и у којој мери користе ликовна дела у раду са децом у нашој средини, који едукативни приступи и стратегије се том приликом примењују, и да ли постоји сарадња између вртића/основних школа и уметничких музеја/галерија. Резултати истраживања упућују на закључак да се дела визуелних уметности код нас недовољно користе у раду са децом предшколског и основношколског узраста, као и да постоји веома слаба сарадња између васпитно- образовних установа и уметничких музеја/галерија. Ипак, охрабрује податак да васпитачи, учитељи и наставници ликовне културе имају потребу и жељу да се додатно едукују у овој области и да постоји мотивација да се дела визуелних уметности учесталије користе у раду са децом. Ови закључци истраживања пружају основе за осмишљавање едукативних програма за наставнике у нашој средини који би се бавили описаним садржајима.Modern approaches to education progressively point to the importance of art in education with the idea that learning within and about art contribute to the achievement of common goals. Art has a historic role in the promotion of heritage and history, the quest for social justice, democratic values and human rights. Nowadays, in the age of globalization, art enables recognition of values of other cultures, as well as their differences, whereas understanding of different cultures is of vital importance for the promotion of their own and national identities. Arts in education enhances development of perception and expression, contribute to self-knowledge and general knowledge - development of language, critical thinking, problem solving skills, etc. It helps us to know ourselves and the world around us, to rediscover cultural heritage that is sometimes forgotten, thus contributing to the development of general culture. In this sense, the artistic heritage, works of fine and applied arts, art crafts, modern media, architecture, industrial design, etc, could serve as important sources of research and knowledge - both in pre-school and primary school age. In order to make best use of the potential they possess, it is important to provide stimulating learning environments in nursery and primary schools, where the interaction between a work of art, child, teacher and environment could be produced in an age-appropriate manner. This paper deals with the establishment of appropriate approaches and strategies in working with a piece of fine art on the grounds of the theory-based understanding of possibilities and interest of children of the given age. In this regard, the papar presents educational programs for children and teachers in art museums and galleries, since they can also significantly contribute to preschool and school practices. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to show the scope of educational potential of teaching using works of fine art in general education, provided that adequate approaches and strategies in working with children are applied and schools and kindergartens linked to cultural institutions. Another goal that has been set is to examine the attitudes of educators, teachers and art teachers about their own methodical practices in which the works of fine art are used, in order to determine whether and to what extent the pieces of fine art are used in work with children in our surroundings, what educational approaches and strategies are applied, and whether there exists cooperation between nursery/primary schools and art museums/galleries. The research results indicate that the works of visual art with us are underused in working with preschool and school age children and that there is very little cooperation between educational institutions and art museums/galleries. However, it is encouraging that educators, teachers and art teachers do have need and desire to further educate themselves in this area and that the motivation to use works of visual arts more frequently in work with children is present. These research findings provide basis for designing teacher training programs for teachers in our community that would deal with the described contents

Ecophysiological adaptations of Pinus nigra Arn., Aesculus hippocastanum L. and Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. species in urban environments with different sources of pollution

Urbana staništa su pod snažnim antropogenim uticajem i karakteriše ih intenzivno zagađenje vazduha, vode i zemljišta materijama poreklom iz različitih stacionarnih i mobilnih izvora. Specifična vrsta polutanata u ovim sredinama su metali koji se zbog svoje toksičnosti i biološke nerazgradivosti akumuliraju u zemljištu. Istraživanja u okviru ove disertacije su obavljena u urbanim parkovima u Pančevu, Smederevu, Obrenovcu i Beogradu koji su izloženi zagađivanju hemijskim elementima uključujući toksične metale poreklom iz različitih izvora. Obuhvatala su analize biljaka, kao i zemljišta na kojima rastu. Za ekofiziološka istraživanja odabrane su tri drvenaste vrste biljaka koje se dugi niz godina uspešno gaje na urbanim staništima: Pinus nigra Arn., Aesculus hippocastanum L. i Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. Osnovni cilj doktorske disertacije je bio definisanje faktora limitirajućih za razvoj biljaka, kao i ispitivanje njihovih ekofizioloških karakteristika i adaptivnog odgovora. Posebna pažnja je posvećena problemu zagađivanja metalima i metaloidima, njihovoj mobilnosti i dostupnosti biljkama, kao i njihovom uticaju na fiziološke procese u bilјkama (efikasnost fotosinteze i sadržaj fotosintetičkih pigmenata). Ispitivanja fizičko-hemijskih karakteristika zemljišta su pokazala da urbana zemljišta karakteriše visok udeo frakcije peska, nizak sadržaj higroskopne vlage, organskog ugljenika i azota, alkalna reakcija, ali i povoljan odnos C/N za mineralizaciju organske materije i oslobađanje minerala esencijalnih za biljke. Navedeni limitirajući faktori (toksičan sadržaj B, Cr, Ni i Pb izmerenih u zemljištu urbanih parkova) u sinergističkom delovanju sa visokim temperaturama i malom količinom padavina u značajnom delu ispitivane vegetacijske sezone su uticali na funkcionisanje ispitivanih vrsta biljaka na urbanim staništima. Analiza sadržaja hemijskih elemenata u četinama i listovima je pokazala da postoje razlike u sadržaju elemenata između vrsta, ali i da su ispitivane vrste izložene toksičnim koncentracijama B i Sr i istovremenom deficitu esencijalnih elemenata Cu, Mn i Zn. Generalno, kod P. nigra, A. hippocastanum i P. acerifolia postoje razlike u fotosintetičkoj efikasnosti, sadržaju pigmenata i u morfološkim oštećenjima listova. Uprkos navedenom, sve ispitivane vrste, pre svega listopadne A. hippocastanum i P. acerifolia su pokazale visok potencijal za toleranciju stresa zagađivanja toksičnim metalima i metaloidima, što ih čini pogodnim za sadnju u urbanim parkovima i industrijskim zonama, pa kao takve predstavlјaju značajan resurs za dalјa istraživanja.Urban habitats are under strong anthropogenic influence and are often characterized by intense air, water and soil pollution originating from various stationary and mobile sources. The specific type of pollutants in these habitats are metals that due to their toxic, persistent and nonbiodegradable properties accumulate in the soil. Research was conducted in urban parks in Pančevo, Smederevo, Obrenovac and Belgrade that are exposed to pollution by chemical elements, including toxic metals originating from various sources. Research included plant and soil analyses. For ecophysiological research, three woody plant species that have been successfully grown in urban areas were selected: Pinus nigra Arn., Aesculus hippocastanum L. i Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. The central aim and subject of this doctoral dissertation was to define the factors that limit the functioning of plants, and to determine their ecophysiological characteristics and adaptive responses. Special attention was paid to the problem of pollution by toxic metals and metalloids, their mobility and availability to plants, as well as their impact on physiological processes in plants (photosynthesis efficiency and photosynthetic pigment content). Analyses of the physical and chemical properties of the soils showed that urban soils are characterized by high proportion of a sand fraction, a low content of hygroscopic moisture, organic carbon and nitrogen and an alkaline reaction, but also a favorable C/N ratio for mineralization of organic matter and release of essential minerals for plants. The limiting factors (toxic levels of B, Cr, Ni and Pb measured in soils from urban parks) in synergy with high temperatures and low precipitation during a significant part of the vegetation season, influenced the functioning of the examined plant species in urban habitats. Analysis of the chemical element contents in pine needles and leaves revealed species differences, and also that the examined species were exposed to toxic concentrations of B and Sr and, at the same time, deficits of the essential elements, Cu, Mn and Zn. Generally, in P. nigra, A. hippocastanum and P. acerifolia, differences in photosynthetic efficiency, pigment contents and in morphological symptoms of injury were observed. In spite of the above, all the investigated species, first of all A. hippocastanum and P. acerifolia, exhibited a high potential for tolerance to stress pollution by toxic metals and metalloids, which makes them suitable for planting in urban parks and industrial zones. These species represent a significant resource for further research

Arhitecture of sports facilities in Belgrade in the XIX and XX century

Предмет истраживања дисертације представљају различити типови спортских објеката саграђени у Београду у XIX и XX веку. Рад полази од описа првих сала, потом јавних купатила, пољана које су претваране у игралишта и спортске терене, велодрома и клизалишта, фудбалских стадиона, затим соколских домова који су представљали прве системски грађене спортске објекте, до модерних спортских центара и хала у којима се уочава потреба да идемо у корак са светском архитектуром спортских објеката...The subject of the research thesis represents different types of sports facilities built in Belgrade in the XIX and XX century. It starts with a description of the first halls, followed by description of public baths, meadows turned into playgrounds and sport fields, velodromes and ice skating rinks, football stadiums, as well as Soko practice sites which represented the first systembuilt- sports facilities, ending with the modern sport centers and halls reflecting the need to keep pace with the global architecture of sport facilities..

Ecophysiological adaptations of Pinus nigra Arn., Gesculus hippocastanum L. and Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. species in urban environments with different sources of pollution

Urbana staništa su pod snažnim antropogenim uticajem i karakteriše ih intenzivno zagađenje vazduha, vode i zemljišta materijama poreklom iz različitih stacionarnih i mobilnih izvora. Specifična vrsta polutanata u ovim sredinama su metali koji se zbog svoje toksičnosti i biološke nerazgradivosti akumuliraju u zemljištu. Istraživanja u okviru ove disertacije su obavljena u urbanim parkovima u Pančevu, Smederevu, Obrenovcu i Beogradu koji su izloženi zagađivanju hemijskim elementima uključujući toksične metale poreklom iz različitih izvora. Obuhvatala su analize biljaka, kao i zemljišta na kojima rastu. Za ekofiziološka istraživanja odabrane su tri drvenaste vrste biljaka koje se dugi niz godina uspešno gaje na urbanim staništima: Pinus nigra Arn., Aesculus hippocastanum L. i Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. Osnovni cilj doktorske disertacije je bio definisanje faktora limitirajućih za razvoj biljaka, kao i ispitivanje njihovih ekofizioloških karakteristika i adaptivnog odgovora. Posebna pažnja je posvećena problemu zagađivanja metalima i metaloidima, njihovoj mobilnosti i dostupnosti biljkama, kao i njihovom uticaju na fiziološke procese u bilјkama (efikasnost fotosinteze i sadržaj fotosintetičkih pigmenata). Ispitivanja fizičko-hemijskih karakteristika zemljišta su pokazala da urbana zemljišta karakteriše visok udeo frakcije peska, nizak sadržaj higroskopne vlage, organskog ugljenika i azota, alkalna reakcija, ali i povoljan odnos C/N za mineralizaciju organske materije i oslobađanje minerala esencijalnih za biljke. Navedeni limitirajući faktori (toksičan sadržaj B, Cr, Ni i Pb izmerenih u zemljištu urbanih parkova) u sinergističkom delovanju sa visokim temperaturama i malom količinom padavina u značajnom delu ispitivane vegetacijske sezone su uticali na funkcionisanje ispitivanih vrsta biljaka na urbanim staništima. Analiza sadržaja hemijskih elemenata u četinama i listovima je pokazala da postoje razlike u sadržaju elemenata između vrsta, ali i da su ispitivane vrste izložene toksičnim koncentracijama B i Sr i istovremenom deficitu esencijalnih elemenata Cu, Mn i Zn. Generalno, kod P. nigra, A. hippocastanum i P. acerifolia postoje razlike u fotosintetičkoj efikasnosti, sadržaju pigmenata i u morfološkim oštećenjima listova. Uprkos navedenom, sve ispitivane vrste, pre svega listopadne A. hippocastanum i P. acerifolia su pokazale visok potencijal za toleranciju stresa zagađivanja toksičnim metalima i metaloidima, što ih čini pogodnim za sadnju u urbanim parkovima i industrijskim zonama, pa kao takve predstavlјaju značajan resurs za dalјa istraživanja.Urban habitats are under strong anthropogenic influence and are often characterized by intense air, water and soil pollution originating from various stationary and mobile sources. The specific type of pollutants in these habitats are metals that due to their toxic, persistent and nonbiodegradable properties accumulate in the soil. Research was conducted in urban parks in Pančevo, Smederevo, Obrenovac and Belgrade that are exposed to pollution by chemical elements, including toxic metals originating from various sources. Research included plant and soil analyses. For ecophysiological research, three woody plant species that have been successfully grown in urban areas were selected: Pinus nigra Arn., Aesculus hippocastanum L. i Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. The central aim and subject of this doctoral dissertation was to define the factors that limit the functioning of plants, and to determine their ecophysiological characteristics and adaptive responses. Special attention was paid to the problem of pollution by toxic metals and metalloids, their mobility and availability to plants, as well as their impact on physiological processes in plants (photosynthesis efficiency and photosynthetic pigment content). Analyses of the physical and chemical properties of the soils showed that urban soils are characterized by high proportion of a sand fraction, a low content of hygroscopic moisture, organic carbon and nitrogen and an alkaline reaction, but also a favorable C/N ratio for mineralization of organic matter and release of essential minerals for plants. The limiting factors (toxic levels of B, Cr, Ni and Pb measured in soils from urban parks) in synergy with high temperatures and low precipitation during a significant part of the vegetation season, influenced the functioning of the examined plant species in urban habitats. Analysis of the chemical element contents in pine needles and leaves revealed species differences, and also that the examined species were exposed to toxic concentrations of B and Sr and, at the same time, deficits of the essential elements, Cu, Mn and Zn. Generally, in P. nigra, A. hippocastanum and P. acerifolia, differences in photosynthetic efficiency, pigment contents and in morphological symptoms of injury were observed. In spite of the above, all the investigated species, first of all A. hippocastanum and P. acerifolia, exhibited a high potential for tolerance to stress pollution by toxic metals and metalloids, which makes them suitable for planting in urban parks and industrial zones. These species represent a significant resource for further research.