Efficient Deep Learning model for de-husked Areca nut classification

Areca nut is a widely used agricultural product in India and even over the globe. Areca nut, a fruit of   areca palm (Areca catechu) is grown widely in the Asia-Pacific region.. Areca nut segregation is of prime importance in the areca nut industry. The quality segregation of peeled/de-husked nuts requires skilled workers. This process of manual segregation is time-consuming and can lead to erroneous classification. Recent deep learning (DL) advances have improved the performance in multi-class problems. The present  work presents the classification of de-husked areca nut among five classes using an efficient deep learning customized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the results of this model were compared with the standard AlexNet architecture. The new CNN model was customized to obtain classification accuracy higher than the existing ones. A dataset of 300 nuts (60 per class) was created using a specially designed instrumentation setup. The areca nut images were then pre-processed and fed to these models to learn the features of the areca nut from different classes. The confusion matrix and Area Under the Curve - Receiver Operating Characteristics (AUC- ROC) were employed to assess the results of these models and cross-validated with 5 and 10-fold. The experimental results show that the CNN outperformed the AlexNet model with an average accuracy of 97.33% and 98.34%, F1 score of 97.48%, and 98.45% for 5 and 10 folds, respectively.  

Current significance of Gara Visha and Dooshi Visha

In Ayurveda it has been described that the external use of powder of body parts of various insects can act as Gara Visha, here we can say about different cosmetics which contain various hazardous chemicals. Studies conducted have already confirmed that the external application of these products on the skin will absorb. Apart from air pollution and water pollution, these are thousands of harmful environmental toxins some of which we are aware of such as pesticides, chemicals, household cleansers, fertilizers etc. These are in generally everyday being absorbed into our body through various means. These toxins are having their effect on different systems of the body which will not be potent enough to cause acute ill effect, but may cause ill effect after a long duration by getting deposited inside the body. These toxins are nothing but Gara Visha which after a long period of exposure i.e., in chronic stage acts like Dooshi Visha

A visual exploration of cybersecurity concepts

Funding: This research was funded by the UK EPSRC under grant EP/N028228/1 (PACTMAN).Cybersecurity-related concepts can be difficult to explain or summarise. The complexity associated with these concepts is compounded by the impact of rapid technological changes and the contextual nature of the meaning ascribed to the various themes. Since visual imagery is often employed in articulation and explanation, we conducted a study in which we asked participants to sketch their understanding of cybersecurity concepts. Based on an analysis of these sketches and subsequent discussions with participants, we make the case for the use of sketching and visuals as a tool for cybersecurity research. Our collection of sketches and icons can further serve as the seed for a visual vocabulary for cybersecurity-related interfaces and communication

Size dependency variation in lattice parameter and valency states in nanocrystalline cerium oxide

A correlation between the particle size and the lattice parameter has been established in nanocerium oxide particles (3-30 nm). The variation in the lattice parameter is attributed to the lattice strain induced by the introduction of Ce3+ due to the formation of oxygen vacancies. Lattice strain was observed to decrease with an increase in the particle size. Ce3+ ions concentration increased from 17% to 44% with the reduction in the particle size

Surfactant Incorporated Nanostructure for Pressure Drop Reduction in Oil and Gas Lines [DIV]

Nano-sized rare earth metal oxide particles are prepared from aqueous reverse micelles. The engineered nanoparticles have large surface area to volume ratios, and uniformly incorporate a surfactant in each particle, so that when applied to the inner surface of a pipeline or sprayed onto a fluid stream in a pipeline, the particles reduce the roughness of the inside surface of pipe being used to transport fluid. The application of a nanolayer of this novel nanoceria mixture causes a significant reduction in pressure drops, friction, and better recovery and yield of fluid flowing through a pipeline

Surfactant Incorporated Nanostructures for Pressure Drop Reduction in Oil and Gas Lines

Nano-sized rare earth metal oxide particles are prepared from aqueous reverse micelles. The engineered nanoparticles have large surface area to volume ratios, and uniformly incorporate a surfactant in each particle, so that when applied to the inner surface of a pipeline or sprayed onto a fluid stream in a pipeline, the particles reduce the roughness of the inside surface of pipe being used to transport fluid. The application of a nanolayer of this novel nanoceria mixture causes a significant reduction in pressure drops, friction, and better recovery and yield of fluid flowing through a pipeline

Nanoparticles For Soot Reduction [Div]

Novel nano-sized rare earth metal oxide prepared from aqueous reverse micelles is provided. The engineered nanoparticles have large surface area to volume ratios, and sufficient oxygen vacancies on the surface of each particle, so that when mixed with carbon-containing combustible fuels, the particles remain suspended indefinitely; there is a significant reduction in soot and other by-products of combustion, an increase in engine efficiency and less fuel consumed per mile traveled in various vehicles, such as, but not limited to, automobiles, defense vehicles, airplanes, ships and other surface or air-bearing vehicles

Role of Biological Elements of Goat for Curative / Preventive Measures against Tuberculosis

This paper focus on the results of attempts to search the probable system and causes and their modes of action for treatment of tuberculosis by the goats’ biological elements like blood, urine, excreta, sweat etc. For this object we carried out a simple experiment by performing Mantoux test on goat. The concept behind this is that if there is presence of any antitubercular antibodies in poor's blood and then the test will show positive result due to agglutination reaction; as Acharya stated the use of goat's blood for curative treatment of tuberculosis. These means that Ayurvedic classics assume that there should be something present in goat blood which acts as antituberculosis agents. As tuberculosis is mainly cured by two methods: either by using antimycobacterial drug or by enhancing the individual’s immunity. This goat’s blood as we assume it act as antitubercular agent then it should work as antimycobacterium, the other possibility is that the goals antibodies are not sensitive for tubercular antigen so that it has congenital immunity against tuberculosis. In this condition we can't isolate the antibodies from goat's blood for the curative purpose of tuberculosis. This paper will show the result of experiment and validity of concept that either goat's blood has curative property against tuberculosis or not