Testing alternative tectonic models for the Permian-Pleistocene tectonic development of the Kyrenia Range, N Cyprus: Implications for E Mediterranean Tethyan palaeogeography

Three published alternative tectonic models of the Permian-Pleistocene development of the Kyrenia Range, N Cyprus are tested, supported by new field, geochemical and micropalaeontological evidence: 1. The Kyrenia Range represents the northern continental margin of the S Neotethys, close to its present relative position. The range initiated as a Permian-Cretaceous rift/passive margin, switching to a N-facing active margin during Late Cretaceous-Neogene; 2. The Range was located along the N African continental margin until the Neogene when northward subduction transferred it to the southern margin of the Eurasian plate; 3. The Range is a far-travelled allochthon that was emplaced to near its present position, probably during the Eocene.In the light of regional comparisons, especially with southern Turkey, the combined evidence mainly supports tectonic model 1. Sedimentary and palaeontological data show that the restored stratigraphy of the Kyrenia Range indicates Late Permian initial rifting and Early-Middle Triassic advanced rifting, followed by Jurassic-Early Cretaceous passive margin subsidence. Small exposures of ophiolite-related melange located between the Mesozoic carbonate platform and the overlying latest Cretaceous-Palaeogene deep-water volcanic-sedimentary succession include evidence of HP/LT metamorphism, pointing to Late Cretaceous subduction. MORB/boninites, diabase-gabbro and extensive harzburgitic serpentinite originated as a SSZ ophiolite, together with a possible high-grade metamorphic sole (garnet amphibolite) and an accretionary prism (E-MORB/OIB; metachert). Microfossil evidence indicates exhumation of the melange and the underlying platform prior to Late Maastrichtian. A mass-transport complex formed within a compression-related foredeep during the Middle Eocene. Associated southward thrusting and folding culminated in emergence and subaerial erosion, generating a major unconformity, that was followed by subaerial and then marine deltaic deposits (Late Eocene-Oligocene). Following major Late Miocene southward thrusting, uplift of the Kyrenia Range took place during the Pleistocene, related to collision of the leading edge of the North African plate (Eratosthenes Seamount) with the Eurasian (Anatolian) plate

Late Palaeozoic-Neogene sedimentary and tectonic development of the Tauride continent and adjacent Tethyan ocean basins in eastern Turkey: New data and integrated interpretation

The eastern Taurus exemplifies continental rifting, passive margin development, Late Cretaceous melange genesis and ophiolite emplacement. Following Triassic rifting, a carbonate platform developed near sea level in the south (Munzur unit), whereas its northern extension (Neritic-pelagic unit) subsided into deep water during Late Jurassic-Late Cretaceous. Triassic-Cretaceous deep-water sediments and volcanics restore as distal deep-water slope/base of slope units. Jurassic-Cretaceous basic volcanics, interbedded with pelagic sediments, represent emplaced oceanic seamounts. Supra-subduction zone ophiolites formed to the north (c. 93 Ma), probably within an Inner Tauride ocean, and were emplaced southwards by trench-margin collision during latest Cretaceous (c. 75-66 Ma). The margin underwent flexural uplift/erosion and then subsidence/foredeep-infill. Part of the Tauride continent in the south (Malatya Metamorphics) deeply underthrust/subducted northwards, then exhumed rapidly by the late Maastrichtian (c. 65 Ma). To the south, oceanic lithosphere (e.g. Go center dot ksun ophiolite) was thrust northward beneath Tauride (Malatya) crust from a more southerly oceanic basin (Berit ocean), and intruded by Late Cretaceous subduction-related granitic rocks (88-82 Ma). Allochthonous units were assembled during the latest Cretaceous, followed by thick-skinned folding/thrusting, generally southwards, related to regional collision tectonics during Mid-Late Eocene. Part of the unmetamorphosed Tauride platform and its overriding Late Cretaceous allochthon were apparently displaced >60 km northeastwards. Mid-Late Miocene regional collision drove variable folding and re-thrusting, in places northwards. Regional comparisons suggest that the Tauride carbonate platform (Geyik Dag) narrowed eastwards, such that the palaeogeography of the E Taurides differed from farther west, influencing the late Mesozoic-Cenozoic structural development

An Endoscopic Nasomediastinal Approach to a Mediastinal Abscess Developing after Zenker's Diverticulectomy

Zenker's diverticulum is the most frequent symptomatic diverticulum of the esophagus, but the prevalence is <0.1%. The optimal treatment is surgery. Here, we present a nasomediastinal drainage approach to treatment of a mediastinal abscess, developing in the late postoperative period and attributable to leakage from the staple line

Subduction, ophiolite genesis and collision history of Tethys adjacent to the Eurasian continental margin: new evidence from the Eastern Pontides, Turkey

This paper presents several types of new information including U-Pb radiometric dating of ophiolitic rocks and an intrusive granite, micropalaeontological dating of siliceous and calcareous sedimentary rocks, together with sedimentological, petrographic and structural data. The new information is synthesised with existing results from the study area and adjacent regions (Central Pontides and Lesser Caucasus) to produce a new tectonic model for the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic development of this key Tethyan suture zone.The Tethyan suture zone in NE Turkey (Ankara-Erzincan-Kars suture zone) exemplifies stages in the subduction, suturing and post-collisional deformation of a Mesozoic ocean basin that existed between the Eurasian (Pontide) and Gondwanan (Tauride) continents. Ophiolitic rocks, both as intact and as dismembered sequences, together with an intrusive granite (tonalite), formed during the Early Jurassic in a supra-subduction zone (SSZ) setting within the zmir-Ankara-Erzincan ocean. Basalts also occur as blocks and dismembered thrust sheets within Cretaceous accretionary melange. During the Early Jurassic, these basalts erupted in both a SSZ-type setting and in an intra-plate (seamount-type) setting. The volcanic-sedimentary melange accreted in an open-ocean setting in response to Cretaceous northward subduction beneath a backstop made up of Early Jurassic forearc ophiolitic crust. The Early Jurassic SSZ basalts in the melange were later detached from the overriding Early Jurassic ophiolitic crust.Sedimentary melange (debris-flow deposits) locally includes ophiolitic extrusive rocks of boninitic composition that were metamorphosed under high-pressure low-temperature conditions. Slices of mainly Cretaceous clastic sedimentary rocks within the suture zone are interpreted as a deformed forearc basin that bordered the Eurasian active margin. The basin received a copious supply of sediments derived from Late Cretaceous arc volcanism together with input of ophiolitic detritus from accreted oceanic crust.Accretionary melange was emplaced southwards onto the leading edge of the Tauride continent (Munzur Massif) during latest Cretaceous time. Accretionary melange was also emplaced northwards over the collapsed southern edge of the Eurasian continental margin (continental backstop) during the latest Cretaceous. Sedimentation persisted into the Early Eocene in more northerly areas of the Eurasian margin.Collision of the Tauride and Eurasian continents took place progressively during latest Late Palaeocene-Early Eocene. The Jurassic SSZ ophiolites and the Cretaceous accretionary melange finally docked with the Eurasian margin. Coarse clastic sediments were shed from the uplifted Eurasian margin and infilled a narrow peripheral basin. Gravity flows accumulated in thrust-top piggyback basins above accretionary melange and dismembered ophiolites and also in a post-collisional peripheral basin above Eurasian crust. Thickening of the accretionary wedge triggered large-scale out-of-sequence thrusting and re-thrusting of continental margin and ophiolitic units. Collision culminated in detachment and northward thrusting on a regional scale.Collisional deformation of the suture zone ended prior to the Mid-Eocene (similar to 45Ma) when the Eurasian margin was transgressed by non-marine and/or shallow-marine sediments. The foreland became volcanically active and subsided strongly during Mid-Eocene, possibly related to post-collisional slab rollback and/or delamination

The Berit transect of the Tauride thrust belt, S Turkey: Late Cretaceous-Early Cenozoic accretionary/collisional processes related to closure of the Southern Neotethys (vol 27, pg 108, 2006)

WOS: 000245564700030

Late Cretaceous-Miocene sedimentary development of the Arabian continental margin in SE Turkey (Adiyaman region): Implications for regional palaeogeography and the closure history of Southern Neotethys

WOS: 000367862300041The Middle Cretaceous-Late Miocene sedimentary successions that are exposed on the Arabian continental margin (near Adiyaman) provide valuable insights into sedimentary, tectonic and climatic processes that affected the Southern Neotethys and its continental margins. Deposition in the region began with Aptian-Early Campanian shelf carbonates, followed by deepening during the Mid-Campanian. Lithoclastic-bioclastic turbidites accumulated along the downfaulted northern margin of the Arabian platform during the Campanian. A flexurally controlled foredeep developed in advance of the emplacement of Mesozoic allochthonous continental margin and oceanic rocks during the latest Campanian-Early Maastrichtian (e.g. supra-subduction zone Kocali ophiolite). Alluvial detritus was shed from the emplaced allochthon in non-marine to shallow-marine deltaic settings during latest Campanian-Early Maastrichtian. A marine transgression resulted in the establishment of a shallow-marine shelf during the mid-Maastrichtian. During the latest Maastrichtian, the platform submerged, initiating deeper-water hemipelagic sedimentation. Uplift took place during the Palaeocene resulting in sediment instability, slumping and formation of high-density, subaqueous gravity flows. In response to regional faulting and tilting, some areas in the north and the southwest emerged during the Early-Middle Eocene generating alluvial fans in a warm, humid climate that favoured oxidation and reddening. The likely control of the tectonic instability was far-field compression related to the latest stages of subduction of the Southern Neotethys or the initial stages of collision of the Arabian and Tauride continents. An Oligocene hiatus is likely to reflect the formation of a collision-related forebulge, followed by flexural subsidence to form an Early Miocene foreland basin. This was finally over-ridden by the northerly, active continental margin of the Southern Neotethys during Early-Mid Miocene. Regional suture tightening (Mid-Late Miocene) and related non-marine coarse clastic sedimentation was followed by westward 'tectonic escape' of the Anatolian microplate towards the Aegean region during Plio-Quaternary time.DARIUS ProgrammeWe thank the DARIUS Programme for financial support to carry out the fieldwork during late summer, 2010. Hayati Koc, Ezgi Ozturk and Nusret Nurlu kindly assisted with the preparation of some of the diagrams. The manuscript benefitted from comments by Dr. Domenico Cosentino and Dr. Mark Allen