Vegetation Structure of Mangrove Ecosystems in Panama

Mangroves provide important habitat for terrestrial and marine wildlife. They buffer shorelines from flooding and sequester excess nutrients and pollutants in runoff before reaching rivers and oceans. Mangroves provide a wintering habitat for migratory bird species. These habitats are being rapidly lost to coastal development. This research focused on assessing the vegetation structure of mangrove ecosystems in Panama

Grand County Agriculture Profile

This publication includes a report that gives agricultural facts and statistics pertaining to Grand County

San Juan County Agriculture Profile

This publication includes a report that gives agricultural facts and statistics pertaining to San Juan County

Salt Lake County Agriculture Profile

This publication includes a report that gives agricultural facts and statistics pertaining to Salt Lake County

Sevier County Agriculture Profile

This publication includes a report that gives agricultural facts and statistics pertaining to Sevier County

Sanpete County Agriculture Profile

This publication includes a report that gives agricultural facts and statistics pertaining to Sanpete County

Quantifying multi-facted needs in a district disability clinic population: analysis of data captured at point of care and development of a disabilities terminology set and disabilities complexity scale.

AIMS To develop a Disabilities Terminology Set and quantify the multifaceted needs of disabled children and their families in a district disability clinic population. METHOD Data from structured electronic clinic letters of children attending paediatric disability clinics from June 2007 to May 2012 in Sunderland, north-east England collected at the point of clinical care were analysed to determine appropriate terms for consistent recording of each need and issue. Terms were collated to count the number of needs per child. RESULTS A Systemized nomenclature of Medicine – Clinical Terms subset of 296 terms was identified and published, and 8392 consultations for 1999 children were reviewed. The required number of clinic appointments correlated strongly with the number of needs identified. Children with intellectual disabilities in addition to cerebral palsy and epilepsy had more than double the number of conditions, technology dependencies, and family-reported issues than those without

Comparative Erythrocyte Metabolism in Marsupials and Monotremes

Concentrations of ATP and DPG, activities of 10 enzymes and the glycolytic rates were measured in the erythrocytes of 11 species of marsupials and two species of monotremes. Mean DPG concentrations were greater in the erythrocytes of marsupials than those of eutherian mammals. The opposite is true of ATP. Significant findings from the results of enzyme activities were: high activity of hexokinase (7.39 + 0.82 EU/g Hb) in the short-beaked echidna, pyruvate kinase (37.49 + 1.0 EU/g) Hb in bridled nailtail wallaby and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD; 41.66 + 1.24 EU/g Rb) in black-striped wallaby. About 6- to 7-fold difference in the activity of G6PD levels between the two species of wombats was confirmed. Glucose phosphate isomerase activity was also shown to be twice as high in the red cells of the common wombat compared with those of the southern hairy nosed wombat. There were wide variations in the glycolytic rate among the species examined

The geological history of the Latimojong region of western Sulawesi, Indonesia

We present an updated geological map and revised stratigraphy of the Latimojong region of central-western Sulawesi. This work includes new biostratigraphic ages from the Latimojong Metamorphic Complex, Toraja Group, Makale Formation and Enrekang Volcanics, together with whole-rock geochemical data and sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb analyses from zircons extracted from igneous rocks in the region. Previous work on the study region and in other parts of Sulawesi have discussed the age and character of two different rock sequences with similar names, the Latimojong Complex and the Latimojong Formation. One would assume that the type location for these two sequences is in the Latimojong Mountains. However, there is considerable confusion as to the character and location of these sequences. We make a distinction between the Latimojong Formation and the Latimojong Complex, and propose that the Latimojong Complex be renamed the Latimojong Metamorphic Complex to minimise the confusion associated with the current nomenclature. The Latimojong Metamorphic Complex is an accretionary complex of low- to high-grade metamorphic rocks tectonically mixed with cherts and ophiolitic rocks, while the Latimojong Formation consists of Upper Cretaceous weakly deformed, unmetamorphosed sediments or very low-grade metasediments (previously interpreted as flysch or distal turbidites that unconformably overlie older rocks). Our work indicates that the Latimojong Formation must be restricted to isolated, unobserved segments of the Latimojong Mountains, or are otherwise not present in the Latimojong region, meaning the Latimojong Formation would only be found further north in western Sulawesi. Radiolaria extracted from chert samples indicate that the Latimojong Metamorphic Complex was likely assembled during the Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) and was later metamorphosed. Ages obtained from benthic and planktonic foraminifera were used to differentiate and map the Toraja Group (Ypresian to Chattian: 56-23 Ma), Makale Formation (Burdigalian to Serravallian: 20.5-11.5 Ma) and Enrekang Volcanic Series (8.0-3.6 Ma) across the study area. U-Pb isotopic data collected from magmatic zircons record several phases of volcanism (∼38 Ma, ∼25 Ma and 8.0-3.6 Ma) in the region. Each phase of magmatism can be distinguished according to petrology and whole-rock geochemical data. The isotopic ages also show that dacites from the Enrekang Volcanic Series are contemporaneous with the emplacement of the Palopo Granite (6.6-4.9 Ma). Miocene to Proterozoic inherited zircons within these igneous rocks support earlier suggestions that Sulawesi potentially has a Proterozoic-Phanerozoic basement or includes sedimentary rocks (and therefore detrital zircons) derived from the erosion of Proterozoic or younger material. Some earlier work proposed that the granitic rocks in the region developed due to crustal melting associated with plate collision and radiogenic heating. Our observations however, support different interpretations, where the granites are associated with arc magmatism and/or crustal extension. The region was cross-cut by major strike-slip fault zones during the Pliocene. This deformation and the buoyancy associated with relatively young intrusions may have facilitated uplift of the mountains