Tricaesium dimolybdate(VI) bromide

The title compound, Cs3(Mo2O7)Br, was synthesized by the reaction of CsNO3, MoO3 and 1-ethyl-3-methyl­imidazolium bromide. Its crystal structure is isotypic with K3(Mo2O7)Br and contains (MoO4)2− tetra­hedra which share an O atom to produce a [Mo2O7]2− dimolybdate(VI) anion with a linear bridging angle and m2 symmetry. The anions are linked by Cs atoms (site symmetry m2), forming sheets parallel to (001). Br atoms (site symmetry m2) are also part of this layer. Another type of Cs atom (3m site symmetry) is located in the inter­layer space and connects the layers via Cs—O and Cs—Br inter­actions into a three-dimensional array

Ensinando leitura e escuta em russo como língua estrangeira (A1-B1) aulas usando tecnologia digital

The present article is devoted to the problem of teaching reading and listening in Russian as a foreign language (A1-B1) classes using digital technology. The developed skills and abilities in speech activity based on the socio-cultural and everyday social spheres of communication allow Russian language students to not only easily enter the Russian social and cultural space but also further carry out their activities in the educational-professional and professional communication spheres. The novelty of the study is due to the relevance of the selected topic and lies in the fact that the study involved analyzing Russian and foreign works on the studied problem, identifying the main characteristics of the target audience, as well as factors influencing the organization of teaching the Russian language to foreign specialists at the pre-university stage, and accounting for said characteristics and factors in developing the model of profession-oriented teaching.El presente artículo está dedicado al problema de la enseñanza de la lectura y la escucha en las clases de ruso como lengua extranjera (A1-B1) utilizando tecnología digital. Las habilidades y habilidades desarrolladas en la actividad del habla basadas en las esferas socioculturales y sociales cotidianas de la comunicación permiten a los estudiantes de lengua rusa no solo ingresar fácilmente al espacio social y cultural ruso, sino también llevar a cabo sus actividades en la comunicación educativo-profesional y profesional. esferas. La novedad del estudio se debe a la relevancia del tema seleccionado y radica en que el estudio implicó analizar obras rusas y extranjeras sobre el problema estudiado, identificando las principales características del público objetivo, así como los factores que influyen en la organización de Enseñar el idioma ruso a especialistas extranjeros en la etapa preuniversitaria y tener en cuenta dichas características y factores en el desarrollo del modelo de enseñanza orientada a la profesión.O presente artigo dedica-se ao problema do ensino da leitura e da escuta em russo como língua estrangeira (A1-B1) em aulas de tecnologia digital. As habilidades e habilidades desenvolvidas na atividade da fala com base nas esferas socioculturais e sociais cotidianas da comunicação permitem que os alunos de língua russa não apenas entrem facilmente no espaço social e cultural russo, mas também realizem suas atividades na comunicação educacional-profissional e profissional esferas. A novidade do estudo se deve à relevância do tema selecionado e reside no fato de o estudo envolver analisar obras russas e estrangeiras sobre o problema estudado, identificando as principais características do público-alvo, bem como fatores que influenciam na organização do ensino da língua russa para especialistas estrangeiros na fase pré-universitária, e levando em consideração essas características e fatores no desenvolvimento do modelo de ensino orientado para a profissão

Legal regulation of state support of agribusiness

The article is devoted to the study of public relations in the agricultural sector as a direct object of state and legal regulation. This is characterized by several features, among which the most significant is the wide range of activities covered by this type of regulation and in itself, the specific legal regulation of the agro-industrial complex as a branch of the economy. The methodological basis of the article is modern methods of scientific knowledge, which are today used by legal science in conducting research. The authors of the article combined general scientific and special methods for the best achievement of the goal set in the article. All methods were used in combination and complementarity, which provided objectivity of conclusions. According to the authors, the peculiarity of a modern state and legal regulation of the agricultural sector is that a significant role in the choice of legal instruments should play incentives to ensure sustainable development of agriculture and related industries. Also to increase the profitability of agricultural producers and other agribusiness entities. To provide a sufficient scientific base to increase efficiency and social usefulness of state and legal regulation in the agricultural sector is possible only with a detailed study of each of the components of regulation, among which the most important is the basics of legal regulation. And, as is known, the food security of the country and the functioning of the domestic food market, and providing the rural population with jobs and social stability in society, depending on the development of the agro-industrial complex

O uso de programas de computador educacional na formação de professores de língua estrangeira para atividade de discurso

The present study looks at the use of educational computer programs in professional training of students majoring in Philology. It highlights the urgency for new approaches to improve the educational process in response to the requirements of present realities. This study draws upon extensive corpus research on the use of innovative technologies in education. The findings reveal that there are certain differences in the application of this technology in teaching abroad and in the Ukrainian pedagogical practices. It was established that implementation of educational computer programs, in contrast with traditional teaching methods, has potential benefits as well as certain limitations. This research substantiates the importance of considering these factors when aiming to improve professional skills of future teachers and their linguistic competences. The conclusions drawn from the research findings allow providing recommendations concerning the improvement of professional training of foreign language teachers by means of educational computer programs.El presente estudio analiza el uso de programas informáticos educativos en la formación profesional de estudiantes de la carrera de Filología. Destaca la urgencia de nuevos enfoques para mejorar el proceso educativo en respuesta a las exigencias de la realidad actual. Este estudio se basa en una extensa investigación de corpus sobre el uso de tecnologías innovadoras en la educación. Los resultados revelan que existen ciertas diferencias en la aplicación de esta tecnología en la enseñanza en el extranjero y en las prácticas pedagógicas ucranianas. Se estableció que la implementación de programas informáticos educativos, en contraste con los métodos tradicionales de enseñanza, tiene beneficios potenciales y ciertas limitaciones. Esta investigación corrobora la importancia de considerar estos factores a la hora de intentar mejorar las habilidades profesionales de los futuros profesores y sus competencias lingüísticas. Las conclusiones extraídas de los resultados de la investigación permiten formular recomendaciones sobre la mejora de la formación profesional de los profesores de lenguas extranjeras mediante programas informáticos educativos.O presente estudo analisa a utilização de programas educacionais de informática na formação profissional de alunos do curso de Filologia. Ele destaca a urgência de novas abordagens para melhorar o processo educacional em resposta às exigências das realidades atuais. Este estudo baseia-se em um extenso corpus de pesquisa sobre o uso de tecnologias inovadoras na educação. Os resultados revelam que existem algumas diferenças na aplicação desta tecnologia no ensino no estrangeiro e nas práticas pedagógicas ucranianas. Foi estabelecido que a implementação de programas educacionais de computador, ao contrário dos métodos tradicionais de ensino, apresenta benefícios potenciais, bem como certas limitações. Esta pesquisa corrobora a importância de se considerar esses fatores quando se busca o aprimoramento das habilidades profissionais dos futuros professores e suas competências linguísticas. As conclusões extraídas dos resultados da pesquisa permitem fornecer recomendações sobre a melhoria da formação profissional dos professores de línguas estrangeiras por meio de programas educacionais de informática

Compression experiments to 126 GPa and 2500 K and thermal equation of state of Fe3S: Implications for sulphur in the Earth’s core

Pressure-volume-temperature (P-V-T) experiments on tetragonal Fe3S were conducted to 126 GPa and 2500 K in laser-heated diamond anvil cells (DAC) with in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD). Seventy nine high-T data as well as four 300-K data were collected, based on which new thermal equations of state (EoS) for Fe3S were established. The room-T data together with existing data were fitted to the third order Birch-Murnaghan EoS, which yielded, GPa and with fixed at 377.0 Å3. A constant term in the thermal pressure equation, Pth = , fitted the high-T data well to the highest temperature, which implies that the contributions from the anharmonic and electronic terms should be minor in the thermal pressure term. The high-T data were also fitted to the Mie-Grüneisen-Debye model; with and q fixed at 417 K and 1 respectively. Calculations from the EoS show that crystalline Fe3S at 4000-5500 K is denser than the Earth's outer core and less dense than the inner core. Assuming a density reduction due to melting, liquid Fe3S would meet the outer core density profile, which however suggests that no less than 16 wt%S is needed to reconcile the observed outer core density deficit. The S-rich B2 phase, which was suggested to be a potential liquidus phase of an Fe3S-outer core above 250 GPa, namely the main constituent of its solid inner core, would likely be less dense than the Earth's inner core. As such, while the outer core density requires as much sulphur as 16 wt%, the resulting liquidus phase cannot meet the density of the inner core. Any sulphur-rich composition should therefore be rejected for the Earth's core

An unexpected cubic symmetry in group IV alloys prepared using pressure and temperature

The cubic diamond (Fd-3m) group IVA element Si has been the material driver of the electronics industry since its inception. We report synthesis of a new cubic (Im-3m) group IVA material, a GeSn solid solution, upon heating Ge and Sn at pressures from 13 to 28 GPa using double-sided diamond anvil laser-heating and large volume press methods. Both methods were coupled with in-situ angle dispersive X-ray diffraction characterization. The new material substantially enriches the seminal group IVA alloy materials landscape by introducing an eightfold coordinated cubic symmetry, which markedly expands on the conventional tetrahedrally coordinated cubic one. This cubic solid solution is formed, despite Ge never adopting the Im-3m symmetry, melting inhibiting subsequent Im-3m formation and reactant Ge and Sn having unlike crystal structures and atomic radii at all these pressures. This is hence achieved without adherence to conventional formation criteria and routes to synthesis. This advance creates fertile avenues for new materials development

Applying benchmarking tool in assessment financial safety of organization

The aim of paper is to assess financial safety of organization using benchmarking method which was initially involved in business practices such companies as Xerox and Hewlett-Packard. Our research addresses using benchmarking relating to assessment of financial state of three Russian oil companies in order to develop a set of suggestions leading to desirable financial state. Proposed technique for assessment financial safety implies next steps: identifying key factors affecting the financial state of company, the choice of financial safety indicators by means of correlation analysis, a calculation of integral indexes of financial safety, development of guidance for decisions making.  The next fundamental indicators of financial safety are examined - financial independence ratio, leverage ratio, accounts receivable turnover ratio, accounts payable turnover ratio, returns on assets, return on borrowed capital. To improve financial ratios the matrix of management decisions was elaborated

Unconventional Route to High-Pressure and -Temperature Synthesis of GeSn Solid Solutions

Ge and Sn are unreactive at ambient conditions. Their significant promise for optoelectronic applications is thus largely confined to thin film investigations. We sought to remove barriers to reactivity here by accessing a unique pressure, 10 GPa, where the two elements can adopt the same crystal structure (tetragonal, $I4_1$/$amd$) and exhibit compatible atomic radii. The route to GeSn solid solution, however, even under these directed conditions, is different. Reaction upon heating at 10 GPa occurs between unlike crystal structures (Ge, $Fd3m$ and Sn, $I$4/$mmm$), which also have highly incompatible atomic radii. They should not react, but they do. A reconstructive transformation of $I$4/$mmm$ into the $I$4$_1$/$amd$ solid solution then follows. The new tetragonal GeSn solid solution ($I$4$_1$/$amda$ = 5.280(1) Å, c = 2.915(1) Å, Z = 4 at 9.9 GPa and 298 K) also constitutes the structural and electronic bridge between 4-fold and newly prepared 8-fold coordinated alloy cubic symmetries. Furthermore, using this high-pressure route, bulk cubic diamond-structured GeSn alloys can now be obtained at ambient pressure. The findings here remove confining conventional criteria on routes to synthesis. This opens innovative avenues to advanced materials development

High-pressure polymeric nitrogen allotrope with the black phosphorus structure

Studies of polynitrogen phases are of great interest for fundamental science and for the design of novel high energy density materials. Laser heating of pure nitrogen at 140 GPa in a diamond anvil cell led to the synthesis of a polymeric nitrogen allotrope with the black phosphorus structure, bp-N. The structure was identified in situ using synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further studied by Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The discovery of bp-N brings nitrogen in line with heavier pnictogen elements, resolves incongruities regarding polymeric nitrogen phases and provides insights into polynitrogen arrangements at extreme densities

Nitride Spinel: An Ultraincompressible High‐Pressure Form of BeP2N4

Owing to its outstanding elastic properties, the nitride spinel γ‐Si3N4 is of considered interest for materials scientists and chemists. DFT calculations suggest that Si3N4‐analog beryllium phosphorus nitride BeP2N4 adopts the spinel structure at elevated pressures as well and shows outstanding elastic properties. Herein, we investigate phenakite‐type BeP2N4 by single‐crystal synchrotron X‐ray diffraction and report the phase transition into the spinel‐type phase at 47 GPa and 1800 K in a laser‐heated diamond anvil cell. The structure of spinel‐type BeP2N4 was refined from pressure‐dependent in situ synchrotron powder X‐ray diffraction measurements down to ambient pressure, which proves spinel‐type BeP2N4 a quenchable and metastable phase at ambient conditions. Its isothermal bulk modulus was determined to 325(8) GPa from equation of state, which indicates that spinel‐type BeP2N4 is an ultraincompressible material