Cultivo do feijoeiro em palhada de braquiária.

Palhadas para cobertura morta na região tropical; Manejo da palhada de braquiária para o cultivo de feijão; Influência da palhada de braquiária nas plantas daninhas; Influência da palhada de braquiária no manejo de doenças do feijoeiro com origem no solo; Rendimento do feijoeiro cultivado em palhada de braquiária.bitstream/CNPAF/21627/1/doc_157.pd

Monensina sódica no controle da eimeriose em caprinos leiteiros.

A eficácia de drogas para o controle da eimeriose caprina é limitada quando já há sintomas clínicos, sendo o tratamento preventivo mais eficaz que o curativo. Desta forma, foi avaliado o uso da monensina no controle da eimeriose em caprinos leiteiros. Foram utilizadas 48 fêmeas, 32 da raça Anglo-nubiana e 16 da raça Saanen, com idade entre três e quatro meses, distribuídas aleatoriamente por sorteio em dois tratamentos. O tratamento I, constituído por 24 animais, sendo 16 Anglo-nubiana e oito Saanen, não foram medicadas (controle) e o tratamento II, formado por 24 animais, 16 Anglo-nubiana e oito Saanen, foram medicadas diariamente com 0,5mg/kg de monensina durante 234 dias. O número médio de oocistos por grama de fezes (OOPG) durante todo o experimento do grupo controle foi superior ao do grupo medicado (P0,05) na média geral de OOPG entre as duas raças. O padrão da curva de OOPG dos animais da raça Anglo-nubiana diferiu entre os tratamentos (P0,05) na média geral de peso entre os dois tratamentos, entretanto, o peso desta raça foi superior (P0,05) na curva de ganho de peso entre os dois tratamentos, para as duas raças, entretanto, os animais da raça Saanen ganharam mais peso do que os animais da raça Anglo-nubiana (63g/dia vs. 41g/dia). [Sodium monensin for eimeriosis control in dairy goat herd]. Abstract - The efficacy of drugs to control caprine eimeriosis is limited when clinical symptoms already exist, and preventive treatment is more efficient than cure. Thus, the use of sodium monensin was evaluated in order to control caprine eimeriosis in dairy goats. 48 females, 32 Anglo-Nubian and 16 Saanen, aged between three and four months, were randomly distributed in two treatments. Treatment I had 24 animals, being 16 Anglo-Nubian and eight Saanen, which did not receive any medication (control); Treatment II, which was composed of 24 animals (16 Anglo-Nubian and eight Saanen), were medicated daily with a 0.5 mg/kg of body weight dose of monensin for 234 days. The average number of oocytes per gram of feces (OOPG) in the control group in the whole period was higher than the medicated group. There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in the general average between the two breeds. The standard curve of OOPG from Anglo-Nubian animals differed between treatments (P0.05) in the general average weight between both treatments. However, the average live weight in this breed was superior (P0.05) in the curve of weight gain between treatments, in both breeds; nevertheless, the Saanen animals presented higher weight gain (P<0.05) than the Anglo-Nubian animals (63 g/day vs. 41 g/day)

Atributos físicos e hídricos de solos cultivados com coqueiro anão verde irrigado no Platô de Neópolis: resultados de pesquisas.

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Medications used by pregnant women in primary health service

The study evaluates the use of medications by pregnant women attended at health centers in the city of Campina Grande-PB, Brazil. The sample consisted of 250 patients. The number of prescribed medications ranged from 1 to 5, folic acid and ferrous sulfate being the medications most prescribed. It was observed the omission of some basic elements in medical prescriptions, such as time, duration and route of administration. Among the respondents, 75.2 % had no knowledge of the medication name and 92.6 % about dosage. Regarding the purpose and duration of use 52.5 % and 79.8 % of patients, respectively, did not have any correct information. The lack of information that stood out because of the inadequate knowledge was about the unpleasant reactions, with 86.8 %. The results demonstrate the existence of risks relating to drugs used by pregnant women, making it necessary to institute education measures in rational use of drugs for this group of patients.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Atividade ovicida e larvicida in vitro do óleo essencial de Eucalyptus globulus sobre Haemonchus contortus.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do óleo essencial de Eucalyptus globulus (OEEG) sobre a eclosão e desenvolvimento de larvas de Haemonchus contortus. A determinação da composição química do OEEG foi feita por meio de cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massa. No teste de eclosão de ovos (TEO), utilizaram-se as concentrações 21,75; 17,4; 8,7; 5,43 e 2,71 mg.mL?1; e no de desenvolvimento larvar (TDL) as concentrações foram 43,5; 21,75; 10,87; 5,43 e 2,71 mg.mL?1. Cada ensaio foi acompanhado por um controle positivo, 0,02 mg.mL?1 tiabendazol, no TEO e 0,008 mg.mL?1 ivermectina no TDL, e por um controle negativo com o diluente Tween 80 (3%). A eficácia máxima obtida pelo OEEG sobre ovos foi de 99,3% na concentração de 21,75 mg.mL?1 e, sobre larvas, 98,7% na concentração de 43,5 mg.mL?1. A concentração do OEEG, que inviabilizou 50% dos ovos e das larvas do parasito, foi de 8,3 e 6,92 mg.mL?1, respectivamente. A análise química do óleo identificou como principal componente o monoterpeno 1,8-cineol. O OEEG apresentou atividade ovicida e larvicida in vitro sobre H. contortus, determinando um bom potencial para utilização no controle de nematóides gastrintestinais de ovinos e caprinos

Diterpenos em cafés Coffea canephora híbridos naturais cultivados em Rondônia.

O estado de Rondônia tem se destacado nos últimos anos no cenário da cafeicultura nacional em função de melhorias na produtividade das lavouras e qualidade da bebida dos Coffea canephora produzidos. Devido as suas condições edafoclimáticas, Rondônia produz as duas variedades comerciais de C. canephora, Conilon e Robusta, o que permitiu a hibridização natural a campo entre variedades. Na literatura há pouca disponibilidade de dados de diterpenos em café torrado, notadamente para C. canephora. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar cafés C. canephora híbridos naturais de Conilon e Robusta quanto aos teores de diterpenos. Três genótipos (clones 03, 08 e 25) provenientes de dois locais de cultivo (Cacoal e Ouro Preto) foram estudados. Os cafés torrados foram avaliados quanto aos teores de cafestol, caveol e 16-O-metilcafestol por CLUE. Os resultados foram analisados por ANOVA e teste de Tukey (p &#8804; 0,05). Os teores de cafestol e 16-O- metilcafestol variaram de 224 a 381 mg 100 g-1 e de 258 a 356 mg 100 g-1, respectivamente. Para caveol observou-se desde ausência até 30,4 mg 100 g-1. O teor de diterpenos sofreu influência da genética e local de cultivo, e verificou-se interação entre genótipo e ambiente. Entre os diterpenos avaliados, caveol apresentou a maior variabilidade. O clone 25 apresentou presença dos três diterpenos nos dois locais de cultivo estudados, destacando-se pelos maiores teores de caveol. No geral, os híbridos apresentaram altos teores de diterpenos, notadamente 16-O-metilcafestol, em comparação ao relatado na literatura para as variedades Conilon e Robusta da espécie C. canephora

Ulcerative colitis in northern Portugal and Galicia in Spain

BACKGROUND: Clinical and therapeutic patterns of ulcerative colitis (UC) are variable in different world regions. The purpose of this study was to examine two close independent southern European UC populations from 2 bordering countries and observe how demographic and clinical characteristics of patients can influence the severity of UC. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted during a 15-month period (September 2005 to December 2006) based on data of 2 Web registries of UC patients. Patients were stratified according to the Montreal Classification and disease severity was defined by the type of treatment taken. RESULTS: A total of 1549 UC patients were included, 1008 (65%) from northern Portugal and 541 (35%) from Galicia (northwest Spain). A female predominance (57%) was observed in Portuguese patients (P < 0.001). The median age at diagnosis was 35 years and median years of disease was 7. The majority of patients (53%) were treated only with mesalamine, while 15% had taken immunosuppressant drugs, and 3% biologic treatment. Most patients in both groups were not at risk for aggressive therapy. Extensive colitis was a predictive risk factor for immunosuppression in northern Portugal and Galicia (odds ratio [OR] 2.737, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.846-4.058; OR 5.799, 95% CI: 3.433-9.795, respectively) and biologic treatment in Galicia (OR 6.329, 95% CI: 2.641-15.166). Younger patients presented a severe course at onset with more frequent use of immunosuppressors in both countries. CONCLUSIONS: In a large population of UC patients from two independent southern European countries, most patients did not require aggressive therapy, but extensive colitis was a clear risk factor for more severe diseas

Contenido foliar de N, P y K en algodón fertirrigado con efluente de alcantarillado tratado

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos del riego con efluente de alcantarillado tratado en el contenido foliar de nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio en el cultivo de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar 8H) en dos tipos de suelos. El experimento fue llevado a cabo en el Campus de la Universidad Federal del Semi-Árido en Mossoró, Brasil. El diseño experimental empleado fue el de bloques al azar con parcelas subdivididas. Los tratamientos consistieron en diluciones del efluente de alcantarillado en agua de abastecimiento [25, 50, 75, 100% de efluente y tratamiento agua de abastecimiento + fertilización mineral del suelo - control] en dos tipos de suelos con diferentes texturas (Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo y Cambissolo). Se concluye que el uso de aguas residuales suple las necesidades nutricionales del cultivo de algodón en lo referente al N y K, excepto para el P.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation with treated sewage effluent in the leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar 8H) growing in two soil types. The experiment was carried out on the campus of the Federal University of the Semi-Arid Mossoró, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots. Treatments consisted of dilutions of domestic sewage effluent with water-supply [25, 50, 75 e 100% effluent and, water-supply + mineral soil fertilization - control] in two different types of soils textures (Oxisol and inceptisol). We conclude that the use of treated sewage effluent supplies the nutritional needs of growing cotton in relation to N and K, except for P

Scalable Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols Using Catalytic DDQ/HNO3

A selective, practical, and scalable aerobic oxidation of alcohols is described that uses catalytic amounts of 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and HNO3, with molecular oxygen serving as the terminal oxidant. The method was successfully applied to the oxidation of a wide range of benzylic, propargylic, and allylic alcohols, including two natural products, namely, carveol and podophyllotoxin. The conditions are also applicable to the selective oxidative deprotection of p-methoxybenzyl ethers

The medicine selection process in four large university hospitals in Brazil: Does the DTC have a role?

Knowledge about evidence-based medicine selection and the role of the Drug and Therapeutics Committee (DTC) is an important topic in the literature but is scarcely discussed in Brazil. Our objective, using a qualitative design, was to analyze the medicine selection process performed in four large university hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Information was collected from documents, interviews with key informants and direct observations. Two dimensions were analyzed: the structural and organizational aspects of the selection process and the criteria and methods used in medicine selection. The findings showed that the DTC was active in two hospitals. The structure for decision-making was weak. DTC members had little experience in evidence-based selection, and their everyday functions did not influence their participation in DTC activities. The methods used to evaluate evidence were inadequate. The uncritical adoption of new medicines in these complex hospital facilities may be hampering pharmaceutical services, with consequences for the entire health system. Although the qualitative approach considerably limits the extent to which the results can be extrapolated, we believe that our findings may be relevant to other university hospitals in the country