Recaizade Muvakkar Ekrem B.

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 25-Ercüment Ekrem Taluİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Factors affecting cost overrun at construction projects in Somalia

The construction industry plays an influential role in the socio-economy of a country. In Somalia, the construction industry is one of the essential industries participating significantly in the growth of socio-economic development. Somalia is facing a significant issue of cost overrun in construction projects. The issue of cost overrun has become a serious concern to investors, which needs serious attention and in-depth research to put forward solutions to this issue. The objectives of this research are (1) To identify factors causing cost overrun in construction projects, (2) To study a strategy to overcome cost overrun in construction projects. The research was taking place in Somalia. And it is based on quantitative research by using questionnaire to carry out the research. The questionnaire was designed based on the objectives. A total of 51 questionnaires were gathered from a total of 100 Grade A contractors in Somalia. The analysis of the data was used by using SPSS software. The variables of this research were ranked based on their mean; the study proves that the contractors are facing cost overrun problems specifically the factors used in the questionnaire. Furthermore, majority of the respondents strongly agreed to the strategies provided by the study to overcome cost overrun and keep the construction projects within budget. This finding contributes to the contractor’s development and could be referenced by contractors who want to increase their chance of overcoming cost overruns in construction projects

Exploring the Academic and Social Challenges of Students with Limited And Interrupted Formal Education (SLIFE) in Ontario

Since 2010, Ontario’s education system has taken in an increasing number of students from refugee families, many of whom have limited literacy and numeracy skills and are classified as students with limited and interrupted formal education (SLIFE). To ensure the success of these students, it is important to identify the most effective ways to address their unique learning needs. However, there is currently limited research on this subpopulation in Ontario. Therefore, in order to understand the academic challenges this subpopulation faces, a comprehensive literature review has been conducted with the purpose of establishing the issues that influence this phenomenon. Findings from the literature explored indicate that these students have unique social and emotional needs that are compounded by language barriers, all of which inhibit their academic success. Moreover, their ways of knowing are seldom recognized in schools. These issues collectively lead to higher dropout rates. In order to effectively support SLIFE, educators must adopt multiliteracy pedagogies and provide mentorship programs and counselling services. It is also recommended that future research explore the different multiliteracies approaches teachers can utilize to determine which are most effective in supporting this population

Determination of Teachers' Opinions on the Education of the Inclusive Students with Special Learning Disability

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of teachers working at different levels of schools on the education of the inclusive students in their classroom with the diagnosis of special learning disability. Working group of this study is consisting of twenty teachers who are working at primary schools, secondary schools and high schools included in city center of Düzce at 2016-2017 school year and who are having inclusive student with the diagnosis of special learning disability in their classrooms. Case study which is one of the qualitative research methods is used in this study. The working group of the study composes of 20 teachers chosen by maximum variation sampling method. In the study, teachers’ opinions are collected by the semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers. Content analysis method is used while analyzing datum and opinions are gathered under the themes and categories by giving frequencies. An in-depth analysis is made by direct citation to finds. As a result of the search, teachers mostly express their opinions about the students with the diagnosis of special learning disability; they notice the problem because of learning late, falling behind their peers while reading, writing and mathematics skills. And they express that cooperation is important during educational describing process, they feel themselves inadequate about preparation and implementation of individualized education program, and they make adaptations in teaching and they make adaptations in assessment and evaluation, and they cannot get family support. In the directions of research findings it is suggested that there must be standard of at least one special education teacher in all schools through permanent staff, support of special education teachers must be put behind regularly by counselling and research center at the processes of preparation and implementation of individualized education program afterwards, and parenting education must be done aimed at increasing the participation and support level of the parents. Keywords: Special education, special learning disability, inclusive education, teacher, family

The strength of provisional crown and fixed partial denture (bridge ) materials

Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)Provisional crown and fixed partial denture (bridge) materials are often referred to as "temporary" materials. The Oxford Dictionary defines temporary as "lasting, or meant to last only for a time; not permanent". Yet for crown and fixed partial denture restorations a provisional restoration is crucial to the final restoration. It is, or should be, a preview of the final prosthesis

Pretreatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Fiber (OPEFB) with Aquaeous Ammonia for High Production of Sugar

AbstractCorncob Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) is an agricultural residue that has the potential to become a good source for renewable feedstock for production of sugar. This work evaluated the effectiveness of aqueous ammonia as pretreatment at low (soaking, SAA) and elevated temperature (Pressurized Chamber) to deconstruct the lignocellulosic feedstock, prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. The ammonia pretreatments were compared against the standard NaOH method. The best tested Pressurized Chamber method conditions were at 100°C with 3 hour retention time, 12.5% Ammonium hydroxide and 1:30 solid loading. The digestibility of the feedstock is determined with enzymatic hydrolysis using Cellic Ctech2 and Cellic Htech2. The sugars produced by Pressurized Chamber method within 24 hour of enzyme hydrolysis are similar to that produced by NaOH method which is 439.90mg/ml and 351.61mg/ml, respectively. Compared with optimum SAA method (24 hour, 6.25% of ammonium hydroxide at room temperature), Pressurized Chamber method was capable of producing enhanced delignification and higher production of sugar upon hydrolysis. These findings were supported by the disappearance peak at 1732, 1512 and 1243 on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR spectrum) of treated OPEFB by Pressurized Chamber method. XRD determination showed reduced crystallinity of OPEFB (37.23%) after treatment by Pressurized Chamber, suggesting higher accessibility toward enzyme hydrolysis. The data obtained suggest that the Pressurized Chamber pre-treatment method are suitable for OPEFB deconstruction to produce high yield of sugar

Cytotoxicity of seven recent dentine bonding agents on mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells

Today it is generally accepted that most bonding agents are cytotoxic. In this study the relative cyto-toxicity of seven recent dentine bonding agents on mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells were investigated. Materials and Methods. Near-confluent mouse 3T3 fibro- blast cells were exposed to Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s Medium containing extractions from the seven different bonding agents. The cell survival rate was then determined using the standard MTT assay. Results. The cell survival rate ranking is: iBond (94%) < Gbond (78%) < Xeno V (71%) < Adper Easy Bond (63%) < Xeno V+ (61%) < Adper Scotchbond SE (33%) < XP Bond (32%). Part A of Adper Scotchbond SE had a survival rate of 35% and part B 38%. These two parts did not differ significantly. Adper Scotchbond SE and XP Bond do not differ significantly. While Xeno V+, Xeno V and Adper Easy Bond do not differ. (p < 5%; Tukey-Kramer Multiple-Comparison Test). Conclusion. All of the tested adhesive bonding agents were cytotoxic with survival rate of 3T3 cells between 94% to 31%. Of the 7 bonding agents tested iBond was found to be only slightly toxic and by far the least toxic. The two bonding agents (XP Bond and Adper Scotchbond SE) containing UDMA plus TEGDMA plus HEMA plus camphorquinone were found to be the most toxic

Volumetric change of flowable composite resins due to polymerization as measured with an electronic mercury dilatometer

BACKGROUND: To determine the total volumetric change and the relative speed of shrinkage of bulk fill flowable composites during polymerization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A specially designed electronic mercury dilatometer was used to determine the volumetric change. The light intensity was 500mW/cm2. The mercury dilatometer measured the volumetric change every 0.5 seconds during the 35 second irradiation exposure time. The materials tested were Z250 as standard and control. Four bulk fill flowable composites were tested. RESULTS: The sequence of total volumetric change was found to be: Z250 < Filtek bulk fill < Xtra-Base bulk fill < SDR < Venus bulk fill. The speed of shrinkage of the bulk fill flowables was faster than that of Z250, while the 2 flowables with the highest shrinkage speed (SDR and Venus) also had the highest total volumetric change. Of the different materials tested the volumetric change of Z250 (1.13%) was the lowest and significantly less (p<0.05) than that of SDR (1.55%) and Venus (1.72%). The material with the highest filler content (Z250) also showed the lowest shrinkage (1.13%) but this effect could not be seen in the flowables. In general, it was found that a 35 second irradiation period (with a light intensity of 500mW/cm2) was satisfactory for complete polymerization of the resins. CONCLUSIONS: The volumetric changes and speed of shrinkage were higher for all 4 bulk fill flowable composites than for Z250. SDR and Venus flowables had the fastest and highest volumetric shrinkage. Clinical significance: The manufacturers of bulk fill flowable composites advocate filling layers of 4mm. However, because of the high shrinkage values found in this study it should be suggested that the standard 2mm layer increments still be used.It was partly supported by the IADR and the C. H. Pameijer Fellowship 2012.Web of Scienc