A vidéki területek ellenálló képességének javítása okos megoldások segítségével

Territorial development is increasingly demanding the use of advanced technologies as growing number of tasks must be solved. While the main challenges in cities are to improve the quality of life of a large number of people and to solve increasingly complex tasks, in rural areas – in many cases – the unstoppable aging, the emigration of young people and the degradation of services are the most important challenges. Basic IT infrastructures have already been developed in most rural areas (eg broadband Internet access), and the cost of home-based devices has fallen to a fraction compared with decades ago, so these are relatively easy to access for everyone. Unfortunately, the existence of "hardware" is often accompanied by a lack of proper "software" and knowledge. In our opinion, one of the potential outbreaks of rural areas is the widespread use of some smart solutions already developed in cities but with the necessary modifications. In our study we examine the current situation of the "smart solutions" in rural areas, and in which extent those solutions can contribute to the resilience of rural areas

HuSpaCy : an industrial-strength Hungarian natural language processing toolkit

Although there are a couple of open-source language processing pipelines available for Hungarian, none of them satisfies the requirements of today’s NLP applications. A language processing pipeline should consist of close to state-of-the-art lemmatization, morphosyntactic analysis, entity recognition and word embeddings. Industrial text processing applications have to satisfy non-functional software quality requirements, what is more, frameworks supporting multiple languages are more and more favored. This paper introduces HuSpaCy, an industryready Hungarian language processing toolkit. The presented tool provides components for the most important basic linguistic analysis tasks. It is open-source and is available under a permissive license. Our system is built upon spaCy’s NLP components resulting in an easily usable, fast yet accurate application. Experiments confirm that HuSpaCy has high accuracy while maintaining resource-efficient prediction capabilities

Tomato pulp baled silage for feeding game

The aim of the study was to determine the nutrient content, fermentation quality and microbial status of wet tomato pulp silage after applying different treatments in two consecutive years. In the first year, dried whole seed wheat (20% based FM) was applied in order to reduce the hazard of effluent production and undesirable fermentation processes and to increase energy content of tomato pulp. Ensiling was carried out in metal barrels/treatment with a capacity of 150-180 kg/barrel. In the second year, dried ground corn (20%) was applied for the same reasons as before and to increase nutritive value of the by-product. In the first year, the applied dried whole seed wheat (used at 20%) increased the net energy content for maintenance of tomato pulp, which has an important role in game feeding during the winter (roe deer and red deer, wild boar). The calculated lactation net energy content was similar to a maize silage harvested with approx. 25-30% starch content. Mixing of 20% dried whole seed wheat reduced significantly the acetic acid (P≤0.05), the volatile fatty acid (P≤0.05) concentration, while increased the lactic: acetic acid ratio in the core of the silages as compared to T2 (T2: 1.72±0.07 vs T3: 3.25±0.09). A lower fermentation intensity was found in combination with a better organic acid profile, presumably due to a higher DM content in 20% wheat treatment as compared to tomato pulp. However, it is not recommended to add whole seed to the wet by-product due to the negative effect on the top 1-20 cm layer. In the second year, low fermentation intensity was found in the control tomato pulp (20% corn) baled silage, as well as an undesirable fermentation process was found in the case of 0,5% salt treatment in the mixed tomato pulp baled silage. Therefore, application of salt is not recommended. Inoculation effectively inhibited the production of butyric acid and reduced the protein loss by 6 % as compared to the control, therefore it is highly recommended to apply as silage inoculant during the ensilage of the wet by-product. In summary, it was confirmed that the new baling system was able to form well-shaped and stable bales. High density, quick wrapping (within 120 sec after bale-forming), had a beneficial effect on fermentation quality. The study showed that wet tomato pulp had a limited fermentation capacity, but under anaerobic conditions it was possible to store for long term (100 days) with a good microbial status. It is recommended to use dried ground cereal as an additive (20%) to increase dry matter and energy content, moreover to improve volatile fatty acid composition of the wet tomato pulp silage

Advancing Hungarian Text Processing with HuSpaCy: Efficient and Accurate NLP Pipelines

This paper presents a set of industrial-grade text processing models for Hungarian that achieve near state-of-the-art performance while balancing resource efficiency and accuracy. Models have been implemented in the spaCy framework, extending the HuSpaCy toolkit with several improvements to its architecture. Compared to existing NLP tools for Hungarian, all of our pipelines feature all basic text processing steps including tokenization, sentence-boundary detection, part-of-speech tagging, morphological feature tagging, lemmatization, dependency parsing and named entity recognition with high accuracy and throughput. We thoroughly evaluated the proposed enhancements, compared the pipelines with state-of-the-art tools and demonstrated the competitive performance of the new models in all text preprocessing steps. All experiments are reproducible and the pipelines are freely available under a permissive license.Comment: Submitted to TSD 2023 Conferenc

Hybrid lemmatization in HuSpaCy

Lemmatization is still not a trivial task for morphologically rich languages. Previous studies showed that hybrid architectures usually work better for these languages and can yield great results. This paper presents a hybrid lemmatizer utilizing both a neural model, dictionaries and hand-crafted rules. We introduce a hybrid architecture along with empirical results on a widely used Hungarian dataset. The presented methods are published as three HuSpaCy models.Comment: published at the conference XIX. Magyar Sz\'am\'it\'og\'epes Nyelv\'eszeti Konferencia (XIX. Hungarian Computational Linguistics Conference

Hybrid lemmatization in HuSpaCy

Lemmatization is still not a trivial task for morphologically rich languages. Previous studies showed that hybrid architectures usually work better for these languages and can yield great results. This paper presents a hybrid lemmatizer utilizing both a neural model, dictionaries and hand-crafted rules. We introduce a hybrid architecture along with empirical results on a widely used Hungarian dataset. The presented methods are published as three HuSpaCy models

A two-study validation of a single-item measure of relationship satisfaction: RAS-1

Research addressing relationship satisfaction is a constantly growing area in the social sciences. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the similarities and differences between the seven-item Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) and the single-item measure of relationship satisfaction (RAS-1), using proximal and distal constructs as correlates. Two studies using two independent samples were conducted, assessing more proximal constructs, such as love and sex mindset in Study 1 (N = 380; female = 195) and more distant ones, such as loneliness and problematic pornography use in Study 2 (N = 703; female = 360). Structural equation modeling revealed that love (beta(RAS-1) = .55; p < .01; beta(RAS) = .71; p < .01), sex mindset beliefs (beta(RAS-1) = .18; p < .01; beta(RAS) = .13; p < .01) and loneliness (beta(RAS-1) = -.35; p < .01; beta(RAS) = -.37; p < .01) had significant positive and negative associations with RAS and RAS-1, respectively; while problematic pornography use did not. These results suggest that RAS-1 may be an equally adequate instrument for measuring relationship satisfaction as the RAS with respect to proximal and distal correlates. Thus, RAS-1 is recommended to be used in large-scale studies when the number of items is limited

Social Representations of Hero and Everyday Hero: A Network Study from Representative Samples

The psychological investigation of heroism is relatively new. At this stage, inductive methods can shed light on its main aspects. Therefore, we examined the social representations of Hero and Everyday Hero by collecting word associations from two separate representative samples in Hungary. We constructed two networks from these word associations. The results showed that the social representation of Hero is more centralized and it cannot be divided into smaller units. The network of Everyday Hero is divided into five units and the significance moves from abstract hero characteristics to concrete social roles and occupations exhibiting pro-social values. We also created networks from the common associations of Hero and Everyday Hero. The structures of these networks showed a moderate similarity and the connections are more balanced in case of Everyday Hero. While heroism in general can be the source of inspiration, the promotion of everyday heroism can be more successful in encouraging ordinary people to recognize their own potential for heroic behavior