Análisis de la propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del HCTAES-Test de Halpern para la evaluación del pensamiento crítico mediante situaciones cotidianas

[ES]El presente estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del HCTAES- Test de Halpern para la evaluación del pensamiento crítico mediante situaciones cotidianas. Para la valoración de este pensamiento emplea situaciones familiares con un doble formato de respuesta, abierto y cerrado. El test ha sido aplicado a 335 estudiantes españoles, 283 universitarios de 3º y 4º curso y 52 estudiantes de bachillerato. Hemos analizado la fiabilidad y hemos realizado una análisis factorial exploratorio para evaluar su validez de constructo. Los resultados nos permiten afirmar que la versión española del test es un instrumento fiable para evaluar el pensamiento crítico. Si bien, su estructura factorial poco tiene que ver con la estructura teórica del test. Resultados que, más que debilitar la validez de constructo del test, vienen a reflejar la profunda interrelación entre las distintas habilidades del pensamiento crítico. [EN]The present study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the HCTAES – Halpern Critical Thinking Assessment using Everyday Situations. For the valuation of this thought it uses familiar situations with a double format of response, opened and ended. The test has been applied to 335 Spanish students, 283 university students of 3 º and 4 º deal and 52 students of baccalaureate. We have analyzed the reliability and have fulfilled one exploratory factor analysis to evaluate his validity of construct. The results allow us to affirm that the Spanish version of the test is a trustworthy instrument to assessment the critical thinking. Though, his factor structure little has to see with the theoretical structure of the test. Results that, more that debilitate the validity of the test, come to reflect the deep interrelationship between the different skills of the critical thinking

Personal and School Factors Underlying the Self-Determined Behaviour of Children and Adolescents: Review of the Literature

Self-determination is a dispositional characteristic that is evident when the person has certain control over their own lives. It is acquired throughout life in interaction with the environment, hence the importance of evaluating the contextual factors that can influence it. This study aims to review publications from the last years that have investigated the contextual factors that can influence the self-determination of young students with intellectual disabilities. Nineteen articles and two doctoral theses published during the 2015-2020 were analyzed. All of them use a quantitative methodology, except for two studies that use a qualitative methodology. The studies indicate mixed results regarding personal variables, such as gender, age or IQ. Regarding school factors, the differences between regular and special education are considered. However, educational supports acquire more significance to promote self-determination. In the end, the strategies used in the classroom and individualized student-supports show an influence in the self-determination of this group.La autodeterminación es una característica disposicional que se pone de manifiesto cuando la persona tiene cierto control sobre su propia vida. Se adquiere a lo largo de la vida en interacción con el entorno, de ahí la importancia de evaluar los factores contextuales que pueden influir en ella. El objetivo general de este trabajo es conocer las publicaciones de los últimos años que han investigado los factores contextuales que pueden influir en la autodeterminación de jóvenes estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. Se analizan diecinueve artículos y dos tesis doctorales publicados durante el periodo 2015-2020. Todos ellos utilizan una metodología cuantitativa, excepto dos trabajos que utilizan una metodología cualitativa. Los estudios señalan resultados dispares respecto a las variables personales, como el género, la edad o el CI de los participantes. Respecto a las variables escolares, se consideran las diferencias entre la educación ordinaria y la educación especial; sin embargo, los apoyos educativos adquieren mayor significación en la promoción de la autodeterminación. En definitiva, las estrategias utilizadas en el aula y los apoyos individualizados influyen en la autodeterminación de este colectivo

La gamificación en el aula como herramienta para la mejora de las competencias, la motivación y la autorregulación del aprendizaje de los estudiantes de Magisterio de Zamora

Memoria ID-0084. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018

Adult Attachment, Conflict Resolution Style and Relationship Quality among Spanish Young-adult Couples

The evidence of the interrelationships between adult attachment, conflict resolution style and relationship quality in couple relationships shows some inconsistencies and it is mostly based on English-speaking adult samples, as well as on individuals’ rather than on both couple members’ reports. Therefore, the aim was to examine the associations between adult attachment, conflict resolution style and relationship quality from a dyadic approach. A sample of 405 heterosexual young couples completed online the brief version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised Questionnaire, the respondent version of the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory, and a 4-item measure of relationship quality. Avoidance attachment showed a stronger negative correlation than anxiety with relationship quality. Withdrawal and conflict engagement styles were more highly correlated with avoidance and anxiety, respectively. At a dyadic level, relationship quality was negatively predicted by actor avoidance attachment and positively predicted by partner relationship quality. No actor or partner effects of conflict resolution style on relationship quality were observed. Overall, partners with higher attachment anxiety and avoidance reported more dysfunctional conflict resolution styles and less satisfaction with the relationship

Quality of Life: Perception by Adults with Developmental Disabilities versus Professionals’ Reports

Currently, the intervention models for individuals with Developmental Disabilities (DD) focus on Quality of Life outcomes (QOL). The goal of this study was to analyze the QOL of adults and to determine the influence of personal and dis-ability factors in QOL. A sample of 119 adults with DD (91 male and 28 female; age: M = 45.68; SD = 12.57) participated in the study. The QOL was assessed by the Escala INICO-FEAPS. T contrast were conducted to compare outcomes in adults with DD with the norm, and ANOVAs to examine the differences between the dimensions of QOL and the incidence of the studied factors. Outcomes show that adult people with DD informed low levels of QOL, specifically in Interpersonal Relationship, Social In-clusion, and Self-determination. The most factor that influence on QOL perception was the level of dependence. In conclusion, the results show that professionals assess better the QOL than the own individuals with DD.La perspectiva actual de las intervenciones dirigidas a las personas con Discapacidades del Desarrollo (DD) se orienta a mejorar los resultados personales de Calidad de Vida (CV). Este estudio ha tenido como finalidad analizar la CV de las personas adultas con DD y determinar la influencia de los factores personales y los relacionados con la discapacidad sobre la CV. Participaron 119 personas adultas con DD (91 varones y 28 mujeres; edad: M = 45.68; DT = 12.57). La CV fue evaluada me-diante la Escala INICO-FEAPS. Se realizaron pruebas t para comparar los resultados en CV de los pacientes con PC con la media poblacional del baremo, y ANOVAS con sus correspondientes pruebas a posteriori para analizar las diferencias entre las dimensiones de CV y la incidencia de los factores estudiados. Los resultados muestran que las personas adultas con DD informaron bajos niveles de CV, especialmente, en las dimensiones Relaciones Interpersonales, Inclusión Social y Autodeterminación. Los profesionales informaron mejor la CV de los participantes. El nivel de dependencia es el factor que incide sobre la percepción de CV. En conclusión, los resultados muestran que los profesionales valoran mejor la CV que las propias personas con DD

Perceived needs and support services of families of peoplewith dementia

Background: Dementia is one of the most important causes of dependencyworldwide. These patients require constant care. This care ismainly provided by the families. Each family has specific needs and demands specific support services. To improve their quality of life, the family should be considered in the development of strategies that contribute to the provision of support services for them. Considering this, the objectives of this work are to analyse the support needs of these families, as well as the services they access. Method: The FQOLS-NDs instrument (Badía et al., 2020) was applied by telephone to a sample of 163 relatives of people with dementia in the Spain-Portugal cross-border area. The main characteristics of the research participants are: 69.9% arewomen, aged between 28 and 87, and do not work (63.8%). They aremainly daughters/sons (59.5%) or partners (32.5%) of the person with dementia. In addition, they are mostly their main carers (95.1%) and live with them (74.8%). Results: The main research findings reveal that: 1) The support services most needed by families are information about the disease (53.4%); information about support services (52.8%), and information about where to get them (44.8%). 2) Family members report not being able to access the support services they need. Among them, those to which more than 80% of families do not have access stand out. These are support groups (92.3%), psychological help (90.3%), family respite (85.5%) and spending money (81.1%). 3) There are few support services that families need and consider that they have sufficient access to. The most positive data reveal that only 18.4% of participants perceive the information they receive about the disease as sufficient; only 16.3% consider that they have enough help to run the household, and only 12.8% claim to have access to sufficient information about legal rights. Conclusion: Families are not receiving the support services they most need.Moreover, they do not value the services they access as sufficient. References: Badía, M., Orgaz, M.B., González, E., Vicario-Molina, I., Gómez-Vela, M. and NEUROQUALYFAM group (2020). Family Quality of Life Scale - Neurodegenerative Diseases

¿Es el autoempleo una opción viable para la población reclusa femenina?

[ES] En el presente trabajo se hace una aproximación a la problemática de la inserción laboral de las mujeres que se encuentran cumpliendo condena. En concreto a la capacitación por la que optan en prisión buscando una oportunidad laboral al salir. Este acercamiento puede realizarse desde distintos puntos de vista y enfoques diversos. Centra nuestro interés las limitaciones que llevan a estas mujeres a elegir el autoempleo o emprendimiento como salida laboral y las dificultades que pueden hallar para materializar tales aspiraciones en proyectos reales

Domains and dimensions of Family Quality of Life among families with a member with neurodegenerative diseases

[EN]Background Family quality of life (FQoL) is a recent construct to be applied in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). In this context, there is interest in advancing in the measurement of the FQOL as a first step to determine the supports that families need to perceive quality of life. The aim of this study was to test the validity of the Family Quality of Life Survey- Dementia (DiZazzo-Miller & Samuel, 2011) in order to assess FQoL among family members of individuals with NDs who live in the cross-border area of Spain-Portugal. Method Three hundred family members of people with NDs completed the FQoLS-NDs Survey (Badia et al., 2020). The mean age was 62.4 years (SD = 13.34). Most were males (70%), married (79.7%), not working (64.7%), with low income (66.1%), and had elementary/high studies (73.1%). The majority were the spouse/partner (40.9%) or son/daughter (51.7%) of the care-recipient and played the role of primary caregiver (93.3%). Sixty percent of care-recipients were females (M= 79.3 years; SD= 11.7). Sixty two percent presented dementia, 30.4 % Parkinson´s disease, and 7.6% multiple sclerosis. Construct validity was tested by correlation analysis to examine associations between domain level outcomes (i.e., health, financial well-being, family relationships, support from others, support from services, influence of values, careers, leisure and recreation, and community integration) and global FQoL. Likewise, t-tests were used to compare the outcome measures (attainment and satisfaction) within each of the nine family domains. Result Global attainment and satisfaction with FQOL-NDs was found to be significantly correlated with composite attainment and satisfaction from nine domains (r=.489, p<.001 and r=.536, p<.001, respectively). Attainment and satisfaction were positively correlated within the nine domains (ranging from r=.83 to r=-.69, p<.001). There was a significant difference between domain-level attainment and satisfaction ratings [t(299)=12.28, p<.001, h2=.34]: the mean level of satisfaction experienced (M=3.71, SD=0.49) was significantly higher than that of attainment (M=3.52, SD=0.49). Conclusion This study demonstrates that FQOL-NDs has good validity properties and it is a useful tool to establish FQOL profiles for family caregivers of people with NDs

El blog como metodología activa de enseñanza-aprendizaje y herramienta de adquisición de competencias en la asignatura psicología del desarrollo en edad infantil (0-6 años)

Memoria ID-328. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014