Shape Optimization Using Adjoint Variable Method in Incompressible Viscous Flow

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Relation of size distribution of cracks in superconducting layer to critical current distribution under small voltage probe spacing in rebco-superconducting composite tape

The relation of distribution of crack size to that of critical current under small voltage probe spacing in RE(Y, Sm, Dy, Gd, ….)Ba2Cu3O7−δ layer-coated superconducting tape with stress-induced cracks was studied with a Monte-Carlo simulation method in combination with a model of current shunting at cracks. First, it was shown that the experimentally observed feature that the critical current decreases with increase in distribution width of crack size and voltage probe spacing was reproduced by the present simulation. Then it was revealed that (i) the largest crack among all cracks in the region between the voltage probes plays a dominant role in determination of critical current, and, (ii) when the size of the largest crack is fixed, the large difference in crack size among all cracks acts to raise the critical current value and to reduce the n-value, and, in this phenomenon, the reduction of n-value with increasing difference in crack size is more dominant than the increase of critical current. Finally, it was shown that the distribution of critical current can be described using the Gumbel’s extreme value distribution function as a first approximation under small voltage probe spacing where the influence of the difference in crack size on critical current is relatively small

Structural and diffusional phase transformations in liquid-quenched Mg₈₅Y₉Zn₆ ribbons below the bifurcation temperature

In-situ and simultaneous small- and wide-angle scattering measurements of liquid-quenched Mg₈₅Y₉Zn₆ alloy ribbons were performed to examine phase transition during isothermal annealing at the temperatures below the bifurcation temperature, where long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structures are not formed yet in the previous work. Even below the temperature, sluggish structural transformation destroying hcp stacking sequence was observed, and development of in-plane and inter plane cluster structures, as imperfect LPSO structure, became noticeable at long time annealing. The characteristic time for structural transformation showed well-defined thermally activated process with Q = 173.6 +/- 14.4 kJ/mol

"History of the Russian Peasantry in the 20th Century (volume 2), Tokyo, 2004"

The Second Japanese-Russian Conference on the history of the Russian peasantry in the 20th century was held on 14 - 17 November 2003, at the same Fuji Educational House in Susono City, Shizuoka Prefecture, as the First Conference in November 2002. The participants there amounted to 19 Russian and Japanese scholars. This pamphlet is a collection of all the papers then presented to the Conference with the exception of the report by Naoko Hirooka, whose complete paper was not in time for the publication of this pamphlet. The Russian participants in the Conference were as follows (asterisk* means that he/she was for the first time invited to the Conference): Kornilov, Gennadii Egorovich (professor, senior researcher, Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg). Esikov, Sergei Al'bertovich* (professor, head of the chair of History of State and Law, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov), author of the article "Peasant Production in Tambov Guberniya (from the 1880s to the end of the 1920s)". Tarkhova, Nonna Sergeevna* (head of Department of Publication of Archive Documents, Russian State War Archive, Moscow), author of the article "History of the Soviet Peasantry in the Russian Documentary Publications during Recent 15 Years". Naukhatskii, Vitalii Vasil'evich* (professor, head of the chair of History and Politics, Rostov State Economic University, Rostov Institute of National Economy, Rostov), author of the article "Modernization of Agriculture and Raskrest'ianivanie in the Russian Countryside (from the 1960s to the 1990s)". Koznova, Irina Evgen'evna (senior researcher, Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow). Kondrashin, Viktor Viktorovich (professor, Faculty of History, Penza State Pedagogical University, Penza). Glumnaya, Marina Nikolaevna* (associate professor of the chair of History of Father Land, Vologda State Pedagogical University, Vologda), author of the article "Characteristics and Culture of Kolkhoz Peasant Labour in the 1930s (the case of the Russian European North District)". The Japanese participants in the Conference were as follows (asterisk* means that he/she for the first time took part in the Conference): Arata, Hiroshi* (former professor, Faculty of Economics, University of Kokugakuin, Tokyo). Suzuki, Takeo (professor, Faculty of Political Science •@Economics, University of Waseda, Tokyo), author of the article "Reforms and Peasant Commune in Prerevolutionary Russia". Matsui, Noriaki (professor, Faculty of Economics, Public University of Kushiro, Kushiro). Okuda, Hiroshi (professor, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo). Kajikawa, Shin'ichi (professor, Faculty of Literature, University of Kanazawa, Kanazawa). Yamamura, Rihito (professor, Institute of Slavic Studies, University of Hokkaido, Sapporo). Hirooka, Naoko (part-time lecturer, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Tokyo). Nobe, Koichi (associate professor, Faculty of Economics, University of Senshu, Tokyo). Choi, Jaedong (former researcher, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo). Asaoka, Zenji* (lecturer, Faculty of Education and Culture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki), author of the article "The Village Correspondent Movement in the period of NEP". Yuka Takeda* (postgraduate student, Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo). Hidai, Takeo (postgraduate student, Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo). Secretary Hosoya, Mio* cooperated in the compilation of this pamphlet.

Development of microstructures in rapidly-quenched Mg85Y9Zn6 alloy ribbons during heating at a constant speed examined by simultaneous small- and wide angle scattering measurements

Developments of microstructures during heating Mg85Y9Zn6 amorphous ribbons have been examined by in-situ synchrotron radiation small- and wide-angle scattering measurements. The samples show sharp crystallization peak in a DSC measurement at 450 K for a heating rate of 10 K/min. During and just after crystallization, clustering occurred first within supersaturated hcp crystallites, with concomitant hcp grain growth. Above 550 K, the spatial arrangements of the cluster became anisotropic, eventually lead to 18R LPSO structures accompanied by introduction of stacking faults

The Effect of Coronal Prosthetic Alignment Changes on Socket Reaction Moments, Spatiotemporal Parameters, and Perception of Alignment During Gait in Individuals with Transtibial Amputation

Introduction: The alignment of a prosthesis is clinically determined based on observations by clinicians and the subjective perception of amputees during gait. However, this process has been reported to be unreliable. Socket reaction moment has been reported to be significantly impacted by alignment changes, but the impact of these alignment changes on other gait parameters is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coronal alignment changes of a transtibial prosthesis on socket reaction moment, spatiotemporal parameters, and perceptions of alignment during gait in amputees. Methods: Nine individuals with transtibial amputation participated in this study. Socket reaction moment and spatiotemporal parameters (step time, step length, step width, single limb support time, cadence, and gait speed) were measured under nine coronal alignment conditions (angulation: ±3°, ±6°, translation: ±5 mm, ±10 mm, and baseline) using a three-dimensional motion capture system (Vicon) and an embedded load-cell system (Europa™). In addition, subjective perceptions of alignment were examined. Results: Coronal alignment changes of the transtibial prostheses demonstrated significant changes in socket reaction moment; however, no significant changes were found with spatiotemporal parameters or the amputee’s perception. Conclusion: Measurement of socket reaction moment, along with the embedded load-cell system, may be a better metric for tuning the coronal alignment of transtibial prostheses compared to spatiotemporal parameters and amputee’s perceptions

Two dimensional anomalous small-angle scattering measurements at the Mg K absorption edge for nanostructure analysis in concentrated Al-Mg alloys

Two dimensional anomalous small-angle scattering measurement at K absorption edge of Mg has been successfully demonstrated for concentrated Al-Mg binary alloys and MgO nanoparticles. Enhancing the contrast between Mg-rich precipitates and Al matrix was explained by the anomalous dispersion of Mg, and anisotropic SAXS pattern was in good agreement with the microstructure observed by transmission electron microscopy. Agreement of atomic scattering factor obtained from Al-Mg and MgO nanoparticles indicates that the origin of SAXS in the present Al-Mg alloys are Guinier-Preston zones, not the voids that grew from supersaturated vacancies