Infrared radiation of Venusian clouds

The thermal infrared emission of Venus measured by Venera-9 and Venera-10 is analyzed. The emission of the night side corresponds to a brightness temperature of 244 K. The brightest temperature of the day side is 233-234 K. The extent of the upper layer of clouds, in which the thermal emission is formed, is 4-6 km. The altitude of the emitting layer above the surface of the planet (64-67 km) is determined from the brightness temperature and the existing models of the atmosphere of Venus. In some cases, correlation is noted between the inhomogeneity and the details of the ultraviolet image. The day side temperatures strangely coincide with the freezing point of sulfuric acid at a concentration of 66-77%

Means of Language Objectification of the German Knight Image in the Artistic Picture of World in Middle Ages

The analysis of historical, culturally motivated ideas about the German knight, which are objectified in the language not only in conventional, unified standards, but primarily in socio-ethnocultural assessments and stereotypes, is presented. The material of the study was German knightly novels: “Tristan” (“Tristan”) by Gottfried of Strasbourg, “Poor Heinrich” (“Der arme Heinrich”) by Hartmann von Aue, “Eneasroman” by Heinrich von Veldeke. Particular attention is paid to the study of indicators of the national specificity of the image of the German knight. It is proved in the work that the actualization of lexical units that serve to represent the image of a knight is largely specific and due to the genre specificity of Western European literature texts of the Middle Ages. It is stated that the knowledge of medieval German culture bearers about the surrounding reality, objectified by the semantics and pragmatics of linguistic and speech units, structures, compositions, united as a whole by the characteristics of the surrounding world are accumulated in the artistic picture of the world in the Middle Ages. It is concluded that the image of a knight embodies the complex of worldview coordinates and values of the knightly estate, which are recorded in a verbal (artistic) text in the form of a specially organized system of knowledge and ideas about the world

Stages of logopedic rehabilitation of infants with congenital cleft lip and palate

В статье рассматриваются приемы работы логопеда с детьми раннего возраста с врожденной расщелиной губы и неба и раскрываются особенности применения логопедического воздействия в соответствии с этапами хирургического вмешательства.The article deals with the stages of logopedic work with infants with congenital cleft lip and palate, describes logopedic techniques and specificity of logopedic intervention in accordance with the stages of surgical treatment. The congenital cleft lip and palate in infants has the second or third highest incidence among all congenital developmental disorders. The modern medical technologies implemented in the state autonomous institution of healthcare of Sverdlovsk Region “Multi­profile Clinical Medical Center Bonum” in Ekaterinburg are aimed at early surgery of the primary defect in children with congenital cleft lip and palate - restoration of the structure of the speech apparatus. Surgery is performed in the period of pre-speech development

Parallel operation of solar power station with the power system with regard to energy supply quality

Possibility of parallel working of solar power station with power system is considered in this paper. Power quality parameters of photovoltaic system according GOST are analyzed. Frequency and voltage deviations graphs are presented.В статье рассматривается возможность совместной работы солнечной электростанции с энергосистемой. Анализируются параметры качества электроэнергии системы фотоэлектрических преобразователей согласно ГОСТ. Представлены графики колебаний напряжения и частоты

SOLAR COLLECTORS IN DESALINATION PLANT

The article discussed the possibility of using renewable energy for water distillation. Presented desalination plant works on energy of solar collectors and principles of action desalination plant. The technical result of this plant was given in conclusion.В статье рассматривается возможность использования возобновляемых источников энергии для дистилляции воды. Представлена опреснительная установка, работающая на энергии солнечных коллекторов, а также описан принцип действия опреснительной установки. В заключении приведен технический результат данной установки

Age-related Specific Features of the Phonetic Aspect of Speech in Children with Congenital Cleft Palate

В статье рассматривается фонетическое оформление речи у детей, имеющих врожденную расщелину неба, вне зависимости от возраста.One of the basic symptoms of speech disorder in children with congenital cleft lip and palate is impaired vocal timbre and sound production. The aim of this study is to investigate the phonetic aspect of speech in children with congenital cleft palate, regardless of age. The phonetic aspect of speech in this paper is understood as the intelligibility of the sound speech for easy perception by the interlocutor

Differentiated Logopedic Rehabilitation of Rhinolalia in Early Uranoplasty

В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования речи детей с врожденной расщелиной неба после ранней уранопластики.A longitudinal observation of the speech development of 193 young children with congenital cleft palate made it possible to distinguish 4 groups of children among them: 1) children whose speech development is formed in accordance with the age-related norm, 2) children with a phonetic disorder of speech typical of rhinolalia, 3) children with a phonetic disorder of speech accompanied by lexico-grammatical underdevelopment, 4) children with a systemic underdevelopment of speech in combination with marked non-verbal disorders.Taking into account the peculiarities of speech formation in children with congenital maxillofacial pathology, the authors of the article have developed a differentiated program of logopedic rehabilitation. Logopedic technologies for rehabilitation of rhinolalia are exceptionally urgent in the work with the children of the second and third groups. In relation to the children of the first group, these technologies have a preventive orientation, and for the children of the fourth group they are auxiliary rehabilitation means

AB0-incompatibility of mother and fetus: the role of anti-glycan alloantibodies in the hemolytic disease of newborns

The mother and fetus incompatibility due to Rh-factor, blood group or other blood factors can lead to hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN). HDN is a clinical disease condition of the fetus and newborn as a result of hemolysis, when maternal IgG alloantibodies cross the placenta and destroy the red blood cells of the fetus and newborn. The child disease begins in utero and can dramatically increase immediately after birth. As a result, hyperbilirubinemia and anemia develop, that can lead to abortions, serious complications, or death of the neonates in the absence of proper therapy. The range of HDN has changed significantly now compared to previous decades. Half a century ago, HDN was considered an almost complete synonym of RhD-alloimmunization, and this was a frequent problem for newborns. By now due to the high effective of Rh-conflict prevention, immunological AB0-conflicts have become the most common cause of HDN. The review aimes to one of the main causes of jaundice and anemia in neonates at present, i.e. HDN due to immunological AB0-conflict of mother and newborn (AB0-HDN). The main participants of the AВ0- incompatibility mother and child are considered, namely A- and B-glycans, as well as the corresponding anti-glycan alloantibodies. Close attention is paid to the structure features of glycan alloantigens on the red blood cells of the fetus and adult. The possible correlation of the frequency and severity of HDN with the blood group of mother and child, as well as with the titer of maternal alloantibodies, has been considered. The influence of immunoglobulin G subclasses on the AB0-HDN development has been evaluated. In most cases, AB0-HDN appear when the mother has the blood group 0, and the fetus has the group A (subgroup A1) or the group B. Other rare incidences of AB0-incompatibility with severe course are occurred. As a whole the etiology of AB0-HDN is complex and the HDN severity is influenced by many factors. The authors have analyzed statistical data, as well as the prevalence of AB0-incompatibility and AB0-HDN in various regions of the world. Current approaches to the diagnosis of AB0-HDN are discussed in addition. By now the problems of AB0- HDN occurrence and developing of ways to overcome this disease remain relevant

Structure and significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in adult patients with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Objective. To evaluate occurrence, variety, structural peculiarities and prognostic meaning of cytogenetic abnormalities in adult patients with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving therapy according to ALL-2009 protocol. Materials and methods. The study included 115 adult patients with firstly diagnosed Ph-negative ALL: 58 male and 57 female aged from 15 to 61 years (mean age 26.5 years), who underwent treatment from September 2009 to September 2015 in National Medical Research Center for Hematology MH RF (n=101) and in hematology departments of regional hospitals (n=14). All patients received therapy of ALL-2009 protocol (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01193933). The median follow-up was 24.5 months (0.2-94.4 months). As a part of the study results of a standard cytogenetic assay (SCA) were analyzed and fluorescence hybridization in situ (FISH) with the use of DNA-probes was performed on archived biological material for structural changes in gene locuses MLL/t(11q23), с-MYC/t(8q24), TP53/ deletion 17p13, CDKN2A/ deletion 9p21, translocation t(1;19)/E2A-PBX1 и t(12;21)/ETV6-RUNX1; iAMP21 identification. Results. Karyotype was defined using SCA in 86% of patients. Normal karyotype was found in 48.5% of them, chromosome aberrations in 51.5% (structural changes were found in 19.2%, hyperploidy in 27.2%, and hypoploidy in 5.1%). In 17.2% of patients complex karyotype abnormalities were found. With the use of FISH technique aberrations were found in 67% of patients: 9p21/CDKN2A deletion in 24.3%, MLL/t(11q23) gene abnormalities in 7.8%, 17p13/TP53 deletion in 5.2%, abnormalities of c-MYC/t(8q24) in 1.7%, t(1;19)/E2A-PBX1 in 0.8%, and iAMP21 in 0.8%, other abnormalities (additional signals/absence of signals from gene locuses) in 26.4%, t(12;21)/ETV6-RUNX1 was not found. FISH technique use in addition to SCA allows to increase aberrant karyotype location from 51.5 to 67%. A statistically significant correlation of 9p21/CDKN2A deletion with high serum lactate dehydrogenase activity (p=0.02); MLL/t(11q23) gene abnormalities - with leucocytosis and high blast cells level in blood (p=0.0016), hyperploidy - with normal leukocyte count (p=0.02) was shown. In groups with different cytogenetic abnormalities no statistically significant differences of treatment with ALL-2009 protocol were found (in terms of complete remission, early mortality and treatment resistance). When connection of cytogenetic abnormalities and their combinations with long-term results were analyzed according to ALL-2009 protocol, only two characteristics - MLL/t(11q23) and c MYC/t(8q24) gene abnormalities had a statistically significant influence on disease-free survival (HR - 176.9;

Operation modes of Sakmarskaya Solar Power Plant in Orenburg power system

One of the relevant directions in power industry development is the formation of renewable energy sources, especially solar power plants. In 2015 Sakmarskaya solar power plant was put into operation in the Orenburg region with total installed capacity of 25 MW. The studying of power system operation issues, become extremely interesting, it can be possible to evaluate the efficiency of their operation, to assess their technical and economic indexes and other factors.Одним из актуальных направлений развития электроэнергетики являются возобновляемые источниками энергии, прежде всего солнечные электростанции. Так, с 2015 г. В Оренбургской области России введена в работу Сакмарская СЭС установленной мощностью 25 МВт. Интересными являются исследования режимов работы станции, т.к. на их основе можно получить экспериментальные технико-экономические показатели