Biogeography and Long-Run Economic Development

The transition from a hunter-gather economy to agricultural production, which made possible the endogenous technological progress that ultimately led to the industrial revolution, is one of the most important events in the thousands of years of humankind’s economic development. In this paper we present theory and evidence showing that exogenous geography and initial condition biogeography exerted decisive influence on the location and timing of transitions to sedentary agriculture, to complex social organization and, eventually, to modern industrial production. Evidence from a large cross-section of countries indicates that the effects of geographic and biogeographic endowments on contemporary levels of economic development are remarkably strong.Geography biogeography and growth; Economic development; Agricultural revolution; Institutions and growth; Plants animals and growth

Controls on Cyclic Formation of Quaternary Early Diagenetic Dolomite

The origin of sedimentary dolomite and the factors that control its formation within the geological record remain speculative. In most models, dolomite formation is linked to evaporative conditions, high water temperature, increasing Mg/Ca ratio, increasing alkalinity, and high amounts of biomass. Here we challenge these archetypal views, by documenting a case example of Quaternary dolomite which formed in Lake Van at constantly low temperature (<4°C) and without direct control of the latter conditions. Dolomite occurs within highstand sediments related to suborbital climate variability (Dansgaard‐Oeschger cycles). We propose that dolomite precipitation is a product of a microbially influenced process, triggered by ecological stress, resulting from reventilation of the water‐sediment interface. Independently from the validity of this hypothesis, our results call for a reevaluation of the paleoenvironmental conditions often invoked for early diagenetic dolomite‐rich intervals within sedimentary sequences and for caution when interpreting time series of subrecent lacustrine carbonates

Quantization of Fractional Constrained Systems with WKB Approximation

In this paper the constrained systems with two primary first class constraints are studied using fractional Lagrangian, after that we find the fractional Hamiltonian and the corresponding Hamilton Jacobi equation. Using separation of variables technique, we can find the action function S this function helps us to formulate the wave function which describe the behavior of our systems also from the action function S we can find the equations of motion and the corresponding momenta in fractional form. This work is illustrated using one example

Wave Function Formulation for A Circular Motion

The particle that moving on a circular path under a certain constraint is studied using Lagrangian mechanics (Euler Lagrange equation). The action function is obtained by integrating the Lagrangian through time interval ; from this function we can calculate the wave function , the behavior for the action function and the wave function is described through illustrative graphs

Contemporary Criticism of Charlotte Brontë's Three Novels (1847- 1855) and the Author's Reaction to the Criticism

Not available.Ola A. Jerry.Victor C. MillerMary R. McBethHazel T. PfennigMaster of ScienceDepartment Not ListedCunningham Memorial Library, Terre Haute, Indiana State University.isua-thesis-1944-jerry.pdfMastersTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages: contains 197p : ill. Includes bibliography

The Heart in Systemic Autoimmune Disorders

Egypt J Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2005; 3(2): 44-5

The Use of Layered Freeform Fabrication Technologies to Produce Tissue Engineering Scaffolds for Skull Patches

Congenital skull defects in infants are difficult to correct using metal plates due to the growth of the skull. Tissue engineering of bone patches could be the answer to help such patients. Custom scaffolds have been designed based on Computed Tomography (CT) images of the patient’s skull. An in-house developed single screw extruder, casting and a commercial laser cutter has been evaluated in the fabrication of pure polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds as well as PCL mixed with hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds. Evaluation criteria for each process included the ability to maintain an optimal pore size for cells to proliferate, inclusion of micro surface properties for cell adhesion, incorporation of hydroxyapatite, and ability to maintain desired shape. The mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffolds will be presented in this paper as well as initial cell seeding results with human adipose-derived adult stem (hADAS) cells.Mechanical Engineerin

Pembuatan Komposit Bata Merahdari Limbah Padat Pabrik Minyak Nabati

Pengembangan teknologi proses bata merah limbah padat pabrik minyak nabati, yaitu spent bleaching earth telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan limbah pabrik minyak nabati sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata merah yang sekiranya dapat berperan untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan dari limbah padat yang menumpuk di lokasi pabrik minyak nabati. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap yakni, penelitian pendahuluan untuk mendapatkan komposisi bahan yang baik dan penelitian lanjutan yaitu pembuatan bata merah skala teknis produksi. Hasil penelitian pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa bata percobaan untuk perlakuan bahan A1-F1 memiliki karakteristik sedikit plastis s/d agak plastis, tidak retak dan tidak bengkok saat dikeringkan, dengan susut kering antara 7,5-7,79%, selanjutnya tidak retak dan tidak bengkok setelah dibakar pada suhu ±700 oC dengan susut bakar antara 1,92-2,94%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pendahuluan tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan pencetakan bata merah skala teknis produksi dengan perlakuan (komposisi campuran bahan) (B): 60 bagian SBE+25 bagian Tanah Liat (TL)+15 bagian Domato; (C): 50 bagian SBE+25 bagian TL+25 bagian Domato; dan (D): 70 bagian SBE+20 bagian TL+10 bagian Domato. Hasil uji fisik kuat tekan bata merah dari limbah padat pabrik minyak nabati menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan memenuhi persyaratan. Produk dengan kuat tekan kelas terendah terdapat pada perlakuan (B), yakni 63,30 kg/cm² dan yang tertinggi pada perlakuan (C), yakni 103,30 kg/cm². Bila ditinjau dari semua parameter uji maka produk bata merah perlakuan D memenuhi syarat SNI 152094-2000 dengan kuat tekan pada kelas 100 kg/cm²