EVALUATION OF ANTHOCYANINS AND OTHER PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION FROM BLUEBERRY PROCESSING WASTE WITH ACIDIFIED WATER

Anthocyanins are natural pigments andthey are responsible for the blue-to-red coloration of flowers, fruits and leaves. These phenolic compounds are also known to be beneficial to human health. Due to their instability under some factors liketemperature, light and pH conditions, their applicationsin the food industry need further study. The aim of this study was to evaluate and improve methods for the extractionofanthocyaninsand other phenolic compoundsfrom blueberry pomace generated bythe juice production process, getting an extract free of organic solvent.The extractions were realized with acidifieddistilled water (1% citric acid) as a solvent, varying theextraction time and temperature. Maximum yields of anthocyanins were obtainedat 80 °C for 5 minutes, resulting in a total of 1,944.07 ± 46.7 mg of monomeric anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside)per 100 g of dry pomace. The phenolic compounds showed a good correlation with antioxidant activity, and higher yields were obtained at high temperatures and for longer extraction time

Dobivanje koncentriranih i pročišćenih fruktooligosaharida iz korijena biljke Smallanthus sonchifolius pomoću membranske tehnologije

Yacon is a perennial plant originating from the Andean region whose roots have been receiving increased att ention due to their high content of prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Apart from many health benefi ts, FOS have interesting characteristics as food ingredients, so are used as sugar substitute, and their extraction from yacon roots may be an alternative to commercially available FOS. This work evaluates membrane technology for concentration and purifi cation of FOS from yacon root extract, combining ultrafiltration (UF) with nanofi ltration (NF), with and without the use of discontinuous diafi ltration (DF). After UF, 63.75 % of the saccharides from the initial feed were recovered in total permeate. DF did not largely infl uence FOS retention during NF (it increased from 68.78 % without DF to 70.48 % with DF), but decreased glucose and fructose retentions, from 40.63 to 31.61 % and 25.64 to 18.69 %, respectively, which was desirable, allowing greater purification of FOS in the retentate. The yield of total saccharides in the final retentate after combined UF and NF processes was 50.89 % and of FOS was 51.85 %, with 19.75 % purity. The results indicate that the combined UF and NF is a promising technique for concentrating yacon saccharides, but more diafi ltration steps are required for the improvement of FOS purity.Biljka Smallanthus sonchifolius je trajnica iz područja Anda, čiji je korijen bogat prebiotičkim fruktooligosaharidima, zbog čega je zanimljiva kao sirovina za prehrambenu industriju. Osim što pozitivno utječu na zdravlje, fruktooligosaharidi se zbog svojih svojstava mogu upotrijebiti kao dodatak hrani, te kao zamjena za šećer. Fruktooligosaharidi dobiveni ekstrakcijom iz korijena južnoameričke biljke Smallanthus sonchifolius mogu se upotrijebiti kao zamjena za komercijalno dostupne fruktooligosaharide. U ovom je radu ispitan postupak dobivanja koncentriranih i pročišćenih fruktooligosaharida iz ekstrakta korijena biljke, i to pomoću ultrafiltracije i nanofiltracije, u kombinaciji s diskontinuiranom dijafiltracijom ili bez nje. Nakon ultrafiltracije, 63,75 % se početne količine saharida zadržalo u permeatu. Diskontinuirana dijafiltracija nije bitno utjecala na udjel fruktooligosaharida u retentatu nakon nanofiltracije (bez dijafiltracije udjel je bio 63,78 %, a sa dijafiltracijom 70,48 %), ali je smanjila udjel glukoze, i to s 40,63 na 31,61 %, i fruktoze s 25,64 na 18,69 %, čime je omogućeno bolje pročišćavanje fruktooligosaharida iz retentata. Prinos ukupnih saharida u retentatu nakon kombiniranog tretmana ultrafiltracijom i nanofiltracijom bio je 50,89 %, a fruktooligosaharida 51,85 %, uz čistoću od 19,75 %. Rezultati pokazuju da je kombinacija ultra- i nanofiltracije prikladna metoda dobivanja koncentriranih saharida iz korijena biljke Smallanthus sonchifolius, ali da su za poboljšanje čistoće fruktooligosaharida potrebni su dodatni koraci u postupku dijafiltracije

Desidratação osmótica de caqui chocolate e maçã fuji

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Estudo da estabilidade térmica da vitamina C em polpas de mamão papaia (Carica papaya L.) - cultivar Golden

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Desenvolvimento de pó para o preparo de suflê sabor pinhão

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Encapsulation of Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var.capitata L. f. rubra) Anthocyanins by Spray Drying using Different Encapsulating Agents

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the drying air temperature (140 and 160°C) and the concentration of encapsulating agents gum Arabic and polydextrose (10 and 15%) on the physicochemical characteristics of the red cabbage extract obtained through extraction in acidulated water and drying using a spray dryer. The anthocyanin retention, antioxidant activity, water activity, solubility, color and microstructure of the final product were analyzed. Results showed that increase in the temperature did not cause significant changes in the anthocyanin quantity and antioxidant activity. The microscopic analysis revealed that for both the encapsulating agents, the absence of fissures and porosity in the particle surfaces produced powder with high solubility in water. The principal component analyses showed a strong correlation between the anthocyanin content and the antioxidant activity (r = 0.82) and luminosity (r = 0.81)

Encapsulation of Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var.capitata L. f. rubra) Anthocyanins by Spray Drying using Different Encapsulating Agents

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the drying air temperature (140 and 160°C) and the concentration of encapsulating agents gum Arabic and polydextrose (10 and 15%) on the physicochemical characteristics of the red cabbage extract obtained through extraction in acidulated water and drying using a spray dryer. The anthocyanin retention, antioxidant activity, water activity, solubility, color and microstructure of the final product were analyzed. Results showed that increase in the temperature did not cause significant changes in the anthocyanin quantity and antioxidant activity. The microscopic analysis revealed that for both the encapsulating agents, the absence of fissures and porosity in the particle surfaces produced powder with high solubility in water. The principal component analyses showed a strong correlation between the anthocyanin content and the antioxidant activity (r = 0.82) and luminosity (r = 0.81)

Effect of spray drying encapsulation of garlic extract on inulin and thiosulfinates contents

The aim of this work was to study the encapsulation of garlic extract by spray drying at two diferent temperatures (140 and 160 °C) using partially hydrolyzed guar gum and gum Arabic as wall materials (5 and 10 g/100 mL), on the physicochemi cal characteristics and to verify the losses of inulin and thiosulfnates contents of garlic powder. The highest retention of thiosulfnates obtained was in powder produced without wall material at 140 °C, however, at 160 °C, it was necessary to use of wall materials at 10 g/100 mL. When increasing the concentration of encapsulating used, the solubility of the powders increased and the hygroscopicity decreased. The volume mean diameter of particles in the powders obtained was close to 10 µm, which were found to have spherical shapes and irregular surfaces. In order to predict release kinetic of thiosulfnates encapsulated was used the modifed logistic model, which supplied a good ft of the release data

Obtaining fructooligosaccharides from yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) by an ultrafiltration process

The objective of this study was to evaluate the separation of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) from yacon extract by an ultrafiltration process using membranes of 10 and 30 kDa. The total resistance (Rt), membrane resistance (Rm), fouling resistance (Rf), and concentration polarization (Rc) during the separation process were also assessed. The operating pressures were 1.2 and 0.75 bar for UF-10 and UF-30, respectively. The permeate flux increased upon increasing the pressure from 0.5 to 2 bar and the resistance values showed a slight increase with increasing pressure. The fouling percentages were 61.24% and 57.33% for the membranes UF-10 and UF-30, being reversible after the cleaning procedure with acidic and basic solution, resulting in high percentages of flux recovery of 76.46% and 83.56% for U-10 and UF-30, respectively. The FOS retention values were 24.48% and 6.49% for both membranes UF-10 and UF-30, corresponding to 24% and 18.4% purity

Determinação das curvas de secagem e da difusividade mássica efetiva da água em cogumelos (Agarius bisporus) submetidos a diferentes condições de temperatura e velocidade de ar

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