207 research outputs found
Pion production within the hybrid relativistic plane wave impulse approximation model at MiniBooNE and MINERvA kinematics
The hybrid model for electroweak single-pion production (SPP) off the
nucleon, presented in [Gonz\'alez-Jim\'enez et al., Phys. Rev. D 95, 113007
(2017)], is extended here to the case of incoherent pion-production on the
nucleus. Combining a low-energy model with a Regge approach, this model
provides valid predictions in the entire energy region of interest for current
and future accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation experiments. The Relativistic
Mean-Field model is used for the description of the bound nucleons while the
outgoing hadrons are considered as plane waves. This approach, known as
Relativistic Plane-Wave Impulse Approximation (RPWIA), is a first step towards
the development of more sophisticated models, it is also a test of our current
understanding of the elementary reaction. We focus on the charged-current
()-nucleus interaction at MiniBooNE and MINERvA kinematics. The
effect on the cross sections of the final-state interactions, which affect the
outgoing hadrons on their way out of the nucleus, is judged by comparing our
results with those from the NuWro Monte Carlo event generator. We find that the
hybrid-RPWIA predictions largely underestimate the MiniBooNE data. In the case
of MINERvA, our results fall below the -induced 1 production data,
while a better agreement is found for -induced 1 and
-induced 1 production.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figure
Mechanical strength of silica fiber splices after exposure to extreme temperatures
By using a combination of type-I and regenerated gratings, the mechanical strength of optical fiber splices after exposure to temperatures over 1300 °C was characterized. Splice strength was found to decrease with temperature with a secondorder polynomial dependence after exposure to environments hotter than 500 °C. Splices exposed to temperatures above 1300 °C were 80% more fragile than non-exposed splices. The lack of optical attenuation and the narrowing distribution of breaking strengths for higher temperatures suggest surface damage mechanisms, such as hydrolysis, play a key role in weakening post-heating and that damage mechanisms dominate over strengthening induced by crack melting. © 2012 SPIE
Angular distributions in Monte Carlo event generation of weak single-pion production
One of the substantial sources of systematic errors in neutrino oscillation
experiments that utilize neutrinos from accelerator sources stems from a lack
of precision in modeling single-pion production (SPP). Oscillation analyses
rely on Monte Carlo event generators (MC), providing theoretical predictions of
neutrino interactions on nuclear targets. Pions produced in these processes
provide a significant fraction of oscillation signal and background on both
elementary scattering and detector simulation levels. Thus, it is of critical
importance to develop techniques that will allow us to accommodate
state-of-the-art theoretical models describing SPP into MCs.
In this work, we investigate various algorithms to implement single-pion
production models in Monte Carlo event generators. Based on comparison studies,
we propose a novel implementation strategy that combines satisfactory
efficiency with high precision in reproducing details of theoretical models
predictions, including pion angular distributions. The proposed implementation
is model-independent, thereby providing a framework that can include any model
for SPP. We have tested the new algorithm with the Ghent Low Energy Model for
single-pion production implemented in the NuWro Monte Carlo event generator.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Electron-nucleus scattering in the NEUT event generator
The NEUT event generator is a widely-used tool to simulate neutrino
interactions for energies between 10s of MeV and a few TeV. NEUT plays a
crucial role in neutrino oscillation analyses for the T2K and Hyper-K
experiments, providing the primary simulation of the neutrino interactions
whose final-state products are measured to infer the oscillation parameters.
NEUT is also capable of simulating nucleon decay and hadron scattering. These
proceedings present an expansion of NEUT to simulate electron scattering before
showing comparisons to experimental measurements and using discrepancies to
derive an empirical correction to NEUT's treatment of nuclear removal energy.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. NuFact2022 proceedings submissio
Second Class Currents, Axial Mass and Nuclear Effects in Hyperon Production
We study the properties of the Cabibbo suppressed quasielastic production of and hyperons in antineutrino interactions with nuclei, including the effects of modified form factor axial mass, the second class current and SU(3) flavour violations. The hyperon and nucleon are subjected to the nuclear potential and the outgoing hyperon can undergo final state interactions. The hyperon potential has a significant effect on their production through absorption. We predict a significant enhancement of production compared with other hyperon production channels through conversions. We produce predictions for several experiments by combining realistic neutrino energy distributions with suitable nuclear targets
Analysis of DRD2 Gene Polymorphism in the Context of Personality Traits in a Group of Athletes
The presented study showed the relationship between dopamine receptor gene polymorphism and personality traits in athletes training in martial arts. Behavioral modulation resulting from a balance of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine to inactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of various pathways involved in attention and impulse control processes; Methods: The study was conducted among martial arts athletes. The study group included 258 volunteers and 284 controls. The genetic test was performed using the real-time PCR method; psychological tests were performed using standardized TCI questionnaires. All analyses were performed using STATISTICA 13. Results: Interaction between martial arts and DRD2 rs1799732 (manual) G/-(VIC/FAM)-ins/del and RD- Harm avoidance and Reward Dependence scale were demonstrated. In athletes, a lower Reward Dependence scale score was associated with the DRD2 rs1799732 (manual)-/-polymorphism compared to the control group. Conclusions: It seems justified to study not only genetic aspects related to brain transmission dopamine in martial arts athletes. In the studied athletes, the features related to reward addiction and harm avoidance are particularly important in connection with the dopaminergic reward system in the brai
Catastrophic senescence and semelparity in the Penna aging model
The catastrophic senescence of the Pacific salmon is among the initial tests
used to validate the Penna aging model. Based on the mutation accumulation
theory, the sudden decrease in fitness following reproduction may be solely
attributed to the semelparity of the species. In this work, we report other
consequences of mutation accumulation. Contrary to earlier findings, such
dramatic manifestation of aging depends not only on the choice of breeding
strategy but also on the value of the reproduction age, R, and the mutation
threshold, T. Senescence is catastrophic when . As the organism's
tolerance for harmful genetic mutations increases, the aging process becomes
more gradual. We observe senescence that is threshold dependent whenever T>R.
That is, the sudden drop in survival rate occurs at age equal to the mutation
threshold value
Constraints in modeling the quasielastic response in inclusive lepton-nucleus scattering
We show that the quasielastic (QE) response calculated with the superscaling approach (SuSAv2) model, that relies on the scaling phenomenon observed in the analysis of (e,e′) data and on the relativistic mean-field theory, is very similar to that from a relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation model when only the real part of the optical potentials is employed. The coincidence between the results from these two completely independent approaches, which satisfactorily agree with the inclusive data, reinforces the reliability of the quasielastic predictions stemming from both models and sets constraints for the QE response. We also study the low-energy and momentum-transfer region of the inclusive response by confronting the results of the relativistic mean-field model with those of the Hartree-Fock continuum random-phase approximation model, which accounts for nuclear long-range correlations. Finally, we present a comparison of our results with the recent Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) (e,e′) data for argon, titanium, and carbon, finding good agreement with the three data sets.Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and European Regional Development Fund) FIS2017-88410-PJunta de Andalucia FQM 160, SOMM17/6105/UGRConsolider-Ingenio 2000 program CPAN (CSD2007-0042)Spanish Government (FPA2015-65035P and RTI2018-098868-B-I00
Mechanical testing and modelling of the Universal 2 implant
Understanding the load mechanics of orthopaedic implants is important to be able to predict their behaviour in-vivo. Much research, both mechanical and clinical, has been carried out on hip and knee implants, but less has been written about the mechanics of wrist implants. In this paper, the load mechanics of the Universal 2 wrist implant have been measured using two types of measuring techniques, strain gauges and Fibre Bragg Grating measurements to measure strains. The results were compared to a finite element model of the implant. The results showed that the computational results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Better understanding of the load mechanics of wrist implants, using models and experimental results can catalyse the development of future generation implants
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