Anthoporia, a new genus in the Polyporales (Agaricomycetes)

A new genus, Anthoporia Karasiński & Niemelä, is proposed for the brown-rot polypore Polyporus albobrunneus Romell [= Antrodia albobrunnea (Romell) Ryvarden]. The new genus is separated from Antrodia P. Karst. s.str. in several morphological features, and it is only distantly related to Antrodia serpens (Fr.) P. Karst. (generic type of Antrodia) in recently published phylogenies. Additionally, Anthoporia albobrunnea (Romell) Karasiński & Niemelä is described and illustrated based on material collected in Białowiea National Park in northeastern Poland.Peer reviewe

Studies in Spongipellis sensu stricto (Polyporales, Basidiomycota)

Taxonomy of Spongipellis sensu stricto is revised based on morphological studies and DNA data. Here, the genus is accepted as a member of Meripilaceae, and it contains five species. Of them, S. spumea, the generic type, occurs in Europe, two species, S. ambiens (= Tyromyces sibiricus) and S. variispora sp. nov., are found in East Asia, and S. profissilis comb. nov., is reported from Central Europe, Siberia and Far East Asia. The North-American species, S. occidentalis, is reinstated as a separate species and redescribed here based on historical material.Peer reviewe

Accessions to the Botanical Museum of the Finnish Museum of Natural History,University of Helsinki,in 2005

The herbarium accessions amount to 15,125 specimens, including 6,950 phanerogams and pteridophytes, 1 specimen of zoocecidia, 3,039 specimens of bryophytes and algae, 5,135 specimens of fungi (incl. lichens). Some details of noteworthy accessions are given here

Northern Antrodiella species : the identity of A. semisupina, and type studies of related taxa

"Type collections of Antrodiella (Basidiomycota, polypores) from Europe, North America and Siberia were studied. The current concept of Antrodiella semisupina includes many species; the European taxon is A. pallescens, comb. nov., while A. semisupina sensu typi occurs in North America. The identity of A. romellii was clarified and an epitype was selected to supplement its poor-quality holotype. A. serpula, comb. nov. is an earlier name for A. hoehnelii. In addition, the following new combinations are made: A. leucoxantha (=A. genistae), A. subradula (type from Siberia), A. pachycheiles (type from eastern US.A.), and A. ellipsospora (type from Siberia). A. beschidica and A.farinacea are reduced to the synonymy of A. pallescens; A. thompsonii is accepted as a good species. Antrodiella ichnusana, described from the Mediterranean, is reported from North Europe. Several other Antrodiella species are discussed. Spores are illustrated and their dimensions are given for the 17 accepted species. Gloeocystidia are considered an unreliable character for delimiting species in Antrodiella.""Type collections of Antrodiella (Basidiomycota, polypores) from Europe, North America and Siberia were studied. The current concept of Antrodiella semisupina includes many species; the European taxon is A. pallescens, comb. nov., while A. semisupina sensu typi occurs in North America. The identity of A. romellii was clarified and an epitype was selected to supplement its poor-quality holotype. A. serpula, comb. nov. is an earlier name for A. hoehnelii. In addition, the following new combinations are made: A. leucoxantha (=A. genistae), A. subradula (type from Siberia), A. pachycheiles (type from eastern US.A.), and A. ellipsospora (type from Siberia). A. beschidica and A.farinacea are reduced to the synonymy of A. pallescens; A. thompsonii is accepted as a good species. Antrodiella ichnusana, described from the Mediterranean, is reported from North Europe. Several other Antrodiella species are discussed. Spores are illustrated and their dimensions are given for the 17 accepted species. Gloeocystidia are considered an unreliable character for delimiting species in Antrodiella.""Type collections of Antrodiella (Basidiomycota, polypores) from Europe, North America and Siberia were studied. The current concept of Antrodiella semisupina includes many species; the European taxon is A. pallescens, comb. nov., while A. semisupina sensu typi occurs in North America. The identity of A. romellii was clarified and an epitype was selected to supplement its poor-quality holotype. A. serpula, comb. nov. is an earlier name for A. hoehnelii. In addition, the following new combinations are made: A. leucoxantha (=A. genistae), A. subradula (type from Siberia), A. pachycheiles (type from eastern US.A.), and A. ellipsospora (type from Siberia). A. beschidica and A.farinacea are reduced to the synonymy of A. pallescens; A. thompsonii is accepted as a good species. Antrodiella ichnusana, described from the Mediterranean, is reported from North Europe. Several other Antrodiella species are discussed. Spores are illustrated and their dimensions are given for the 17 accepted species. Gloeocystidia are considered an unreliable character for delimiting species in Antrodiella."Peer reviewe

A new polypore Irpex cremicolor described from North Europe

Irpex cremicolor, a poroid basidiomycete, is described as new based on collections from old-growth forests in northern Finland and Norway. It is characterised by a resupinate habit, lacerate pores, and a dimitic hyphal system. Most of the septa are simple, but scattered clamps are present. The species reminds of the North American Oxyporus similis, which is re-described and compared to the closely reminiscent O. obducens. These two are often considered synonyms, but they are kept separate here on account of minor differences in their hyphal and spore characteristics.Irpex cremicolor, a poroid basidiomycete, is described as new based on collections from old-growth forests in northern Finland and Norway. It is characterised by a resupinate habit, lacerate pores, and a dimitic hyphal system. Most of the septa are simple, but scattered clamps are present. The species reminds of the North American Oxyporus similis, which is re-described and compared to the closely reminiscent O. obducens. These two are often considered synonyms, but they are kept separate here on account of minor differences in their hyphal and spore characteristics.Irpex cremicolor, a poroid basidiomycete, is described as new based on collections from old-growth forests in northern Finland and Norway. It is characterised by a resupinate habit, lacerate pores, and a dimitic hyphal system. Most of the septa are simple, but scattered clamps are present. The species reminds of the North American Oxyporus similis, which is re-described and compared to the closely reminiscent O. obducens. These two are often considered synonyms, but they are kept separate here on account of minor differences in their hyphal and spore characteristics.Peer reviewe

Emission reduction potential of different types of Finnish buildings through energy retrofits

Energy retrofitting of buildings shows great potential in reducing CO2 emissions. However, most retrofitting studies only focus on a single building type. This paper shows the relative potential in six Finnish building types, to identify possible focus areas for future retrofits in Finland. Data from previous optimization studies was used to provide optimal cases for comparison. Energy demand of the buildings was generated through dynamic simulation with the IDA-ICE software. The cases were compared according to emissions reduction, investment and life cycle cost. It was found that, in all buildings, it was possible to reduce emissions cost-neutrally by 20% to 70% in buildings with district heating and by 70% to 95% using heat pumps. Single-family homes with oil or wood boilers switching to heat pumps had the greatest emission reduction potential. More stringent requirements for energy efficiency could be mandated during building renovation

Emissions and power demand in optimal energy retrofit scenarios of the Finnish building stock by 2050

Highlights • Optimized energy retrofits reduced energy consumption of building archetypes. • Four retrofitting scenarios for Finnish building stock by 2050 were analyzed. • District heating demand was reduced by 25–63 % compared to business-as-usual by 2050. • Electricity demand did not rise despite increased heat pump deployment. • CO2 emissions in the retrofit scenarios were reduced by 50–75 % by 2050.Finland and the European Union aim to reduce CO2 emissions by 80–100 % before 2050. This requires drastic changes in all emissions-generating sectors. In the building sector, all new buildings are required to be nearly zero energy buildings. However, 79 % of buildings in Finland were built before 2000, meaning that they lack heat recovery and suffer from badly insulated facades. This study presents four large-scale building energy retrofit scenarios, showing the emission reduction potential in the whole Finnish building stock. Six basic building types with several age categories and heating systems were used to model the energy demand in the building stock. Retrofitted building configurations were chosen using simulation-based multi-objective optimisation and combined according to a novel building stock model. After large-scale building retrofits, the national district heating demand was reduced by 25–63 % compared to the business as usual development scenario. Despite a large increase in the number of heat pumps in the system, retrofits in buildings with direct electric heating can prevent the rise of national electricity consumption. CO2 emissions in the different scenarios were reduced by 50–75 % by 2050 using current emissions factors