161 research outputs found
Properties and distribution of casein and non-casein proteins, calcium and phosphorus in skimmilk, buttermilk and butterserum from the same whole milk
Does the Gap in Family-friendly Policies Drive the Family Gap?
A segregation of the labour market into a family-friendly and a non-family friendly sector has the effect that women self-select into the sectors depending on institutional constraints, preferences for family-friendly working conditions and expected wage differences. We find that neglecting the sector dimension tends to understate the effect of birth-related interruptions in both sectors. The combined effect of a large depreciation effect and no recovery means that females in the non-family friendly sector (e.g. private sector) are punished severely after childbirth. In the family friendly sector (e.g. public sector), we find complete catch up.Fertility; family gap; career interruptions; wages; public vs. private sector
Education, earnings, and inequality in Brazil, 1982-98 - implications for education policy
The educational attainment of Brazil's labor force, has gradually increased over the past two decades. At the same time, the government has pursued a series of economic structural adjustment policies. The authors investigate how these simultaneous advances have altered the relationship between labor market earnings, and education. They find that the returns to education in the labor market, fundamentally changed between 1982, and 1998. While the returns to tertiary education increased sharply, the returns to primary education dropped by 26 percent, and those to lower secondary, by 35 percent. Moreover, the authors argue, the marginal reduction in wage inequality that occurred in this period was linked primarily to a reduction in the returns to schooling, and only secondarily, to a more equitable distribution of schooling. The findings suggest that the supply of highly skilled labor is inadequate to meet demand. That suggests a need for policy action aimed at increasing access to, and completion of tertiary education. Increasing the supply of highly skilled labor, would improve prospects for both economic growth, and reduce wage inequality.Public Health Promotion,Curriculum&Instruction,Decentralization,Teaching and Learning,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Teaching and Learning,Curriculum&Instruction,Gender and Education,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Girls Education
Marriage Migration: Just another case of positive assortative matching?
It is a stylized fact that marriage formation generally involves positive assortative matching (PAM) on education. We test whether this is also the case for immigrants who tend to import their spouses and potentially use education as an exchange mechanism. We find that only women match positively on education. For Turks the results robustly confirm PAM, whereas for Pakistanis there is no evidence of PAM. For men there is local support to the exchange hypothesis, since cultural assimilation or conflicts with parents, through less spouse import, increase the likelihood of marrying a highly educated spouse.assortative matching; homogamy; exchange; marriage migration; spouse import
Discovery of CH and OH in the -513 km s-1 Ejecta of Eta Carinae
The very massive star, Eta Carinae, is enshrouded in an unusual complex of
stellar ejecta, which is highly depleted in C and O, and enriched in He and N.
This circumstellar gas gives rise to distinct absorption components
corresponding to at least 20 different velocities along the line-of-sight. The
velocity component at -513 kms-1 exhibits very low ionization with
predominantly neutral species of iron-peak elements. Our statistical
equilibrium/photoionization modeling indicates that the low temperature (T =
760 K) and high density (n_H=10^7 cm^-3) of the -513 kms-1 component is
conducive to molecule formation including those with the elements C and O.
Examination of echelle spectra obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph (STIS) aboard the confirms the model's predictions. The molecules,
H_2, CH, and most likely OH, have been identified in the -513 kms-1 absorption
spectrum. This paper presents the analysis of the HST/STIS spectra with the
deduced column densities for CH, OH and C I, and upper limit for CO. It is
quite extraordinary to see molecular species in a cool environment at such a
high velocity. The sharp molecular and ionic absorptions in this extensively
CNO- processed material offers us a unique environment for studying the
chemistry, dust formation processes, and nucleosynthesis in the ejected layers
of a highly evolved massive star.Comment: tentatively scheduled for the ApJ 1 September 2005, v630, 1 issu
Imaging with HST the time evolution of Eta Carinae's colliding winds
We report new HST/STIS observations that map the high-ionization forbidden
line emission in the inner arcsecond of Eta Car, the first that fully image the
extended wind-wind interaction region of the massive colliding wind binary.
These observations were obtained after the 2009.0 periastron at orbital phases
0.084, 0.163, and 0.323 of the 5.54-year spectroscopic cycle. We analyze the
variations in brightness and morphology of the emission, and find that
blue-shifted emission (-400 to -200 km s-1) is symmetric and elongated along
the northeast-southwest axis, while the red-shifted emission (+100 to +200 km
s-1) is asymmetric and extends to the north- northwest. Comparison to synthetic
images generated from a 3-D dynamical model strengthens the 3-D orbital
orientation found by Madura et al. (2011), with an inclination i \approx
138\degree, argument of periapsis {\omega} \approx 270\degree, and an orbital
axis that is aligned at the same PA on the sky as the symmetry axis of the
Homunculus, 312\degree. We discuss the potential that these and future mappings
have for constraining the stellar parameters of the companion star and the
long-term variability of the system.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted Ap J Letter
KortlÌgning af begravede dale - gebyrkortlÌgning og undersøgelsesmetoder
Århus Amt er i lighed med landets øvrige amter i gang med en omfattende kortlægning af grundvandsressourcerne i Områder med Særlige Drikkevandsinteresser (OSD-områder). Disse områder er beskrevet ved et antal indsatsområder, for hvilke der skal udarbejdes indsatsplaner med henblik på beskyttelse af fremtidens drikkevandsressourcer
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