153 research outputs found
Model za elektrotvorbu kaona na protonima i lakim jezgrama
The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) is by its high current and precision an excellent tool in studying hadronic structure. The experiment approved for 1996 aims at the separation of the longitudinal and transverse crossâ sections and the K+ formâfactor measurement in the reaction p(e, eâ K+)Î/ÎŁ. Kinematic conditions and trigger modelling have been computed for the twoâarm spectrometer with a programme which optimizes the experimental conditions taking into account the expected crossâsection and the spectrometer acceptance.Posebno prikladan ureÄaj za prouÄavanje hadronske strukture je Pogon akceleratora za neprekidan elektronski snop (CEBAF) u S.A.D. zbog njegove snaĆŸne struje i toÄnosti. Za 1996. je odobreno mjerenje kojim treba odrediti omjer uzduĆŸnih i popreÄnih udarnih presjeka i utvrditi faktor oblika K+ putem reakcije p(e, eâ K+)Î/ÎŁ. IzraÄunali smo kinematiÄke uvjete i okidne modele za par okretnih spektrometara, s programom koji optimizira eksperimentalne uvjete, uzimajuÄi u obzir oÄekivane udarne presjeke i prihvatnost (akceptancije) spektrometra
Enterobacteria in the hospital environment and their antimicrobial resistance
CHU Reunion, France, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Romania, Arad County Clinical Hospital, Romania, Victor BabeĆ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, TimiĆoara, Romania, The 5th International Congress of the Society of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology of the Republic of Moldova, 16th Edition of the International Course of Guidelines and Protocols in Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 28th Meeting of the European Society for Computing and Technology in Anesthesia and Intensive Care September 27-29, 2018, Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: Enterobacteria can produce enzymes (ESBLs) to inactivate beta-lactamins and can also be resistant to carbapenems
(CRE), as superbugs.
Objective: To evaluate the superbacteria frequency in the last two years in Arad County Clinical Hospital.
Material and methods: The multidrug criteria described in Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 18, Issue 3, 2011
were used. VITEK and E-test for ESBLs and diffusometric anti-biograms methods for CRE were used, interpreted according
to EUCAST and CLSI.
Results: Were identified 5093 isolates, 67.85% were Gram negative (n = 3456), 2905 were enterobacteria (57.03% of total,
84.05% of Gram negatives). ESBLs represent 19.53% (n = 995), 15.2% (n = 151) in Surgical wards, 14.94% (n = 149) on ICU
and 12.8% (n = 127) in Internal Medicine departments; they were present in all 24 hospital wards, colonizing even ambulatory
patients (n = 32; 3.2%). Superbugs were 117 of these, most of which were present on ICUs (n = 57; 48.7%), Neurology (n = 15;
12.8%), Surgery (n=15; 12.8%) and Palliative (n = 12; 10.3%). Most multidrug resistant organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae
(n = 58; 49.6%), Proteus spp (n = 28; 23.91%) and Providencia stuartti (n = 19; 16.2%).
Conclusions: Enterobacteria with extended resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems were identified in the last two years
in this hospital, especially in the ICU, Surgical and Internal Medicine departments, colonizing ambulatory patients as well. They
are in the WHO alert, along with other Gram negative species, as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding
eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers
with zenith angles greater than detected with the Pierre Auger
Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum
confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above
eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law with
index followed by
a smooth suppression region. For the energy () at which the
spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence
of suppression, we find
eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger
Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers.
These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of
the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray
energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30
to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of
the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is
determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated
using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due
to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components.
The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of
the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the
AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air
shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy
-- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy
estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the
surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator
scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent
emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for
the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at
least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio
emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate
energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of
15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV
arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling
quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from
state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our
measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric
energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with
our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector
against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI.
Supplemental material in the ancillary file
A tau scenario application to a search for upward-going showers with the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
A search for ultra-high-energy photons at the Pierre Auger Observatory exploiting air-shower universality
The Pierre Auger Observatory is the most sensitive detector to primary photons with energies above âŒ0.2 EeV. It measures extensive air showers using a hybrid technique that combines a fluorescence detector (FD) with a ground array of particle detectors (SD). The signatures of a photon-induced air shower are a larger atmospheric depth at the shower maximum (X) and a steeper lateral distribution function, along with a lower number of muons with respect to the bulk of hadron-induced background. Using observables measured by the FD and SD, three photon searches in different energy bands are performed. In particular, between threshold energies of 1-10 EeV, a new analysis technique has been developed by combining the FD-based measurement of X with the SD signal through a parameter related to its muon content, derived from the universality of the air showers. This technique has led to a better photon/hadron separation and, consequently, to a higher search sensitivity, resulting in a tighter upper limit than before. The outcome of this new analysis is presented here, along with previous results in the energy ranges below 1 EeV and above 10 EeV. From the data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory in about 15 years of operation, the most stringent constraints on the fraction of photons in the cosmic flux are set over almost three decades in energy
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