Role of Chemerin in Cardiovascular Diseases

(1) Background: Obesity is closely connected to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Excess fat accumulation is associated with metabolic malfunctions that disrupt cardiovascular homeostasis by activating inflammatory processes that recruit immune cells to the site of injury and reduce nitric oxide levels, resulting in increased blood pressure, endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Adipose tissue produces adipokines, such as chemerin, that may alter immune responses, lipid metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and angiogenesis. (2) Methods: We performed PubMed and MEDLINE searches for articles with English abstracts published between 1997 (when the first report on chemerin identification was published) and 2022. The search retrieved original peer-reviewed articles analyzed in the context of the role of chemerin in CVDs, explicitly focusing on the most recent findings published in the past five years. (3) Results: This review summarizes up-to-date findings related to mechanisms of chemerin action, its role in the development and progression of CVDs, and novel strategies for developing chemerin-targeting therapeutic agents for treating CVDs. (4) Conclusions: Extensive evidence points to chemerin’s role in vascular inflammation, angiogenesis, and blood pressure modulation, which opens up exciting perspectives for developing chemerin-targeting therapeutic agents for the treatment of CVDs

Supplementary data for the article: Uzelac, T. N.; Nikolić-Kokić, A. L.; Spasić, S. D.; Mačvanin, M. T.; Nikolić, M. R.; Mandić, L. M.; Jovanović, V. B. Opposite Clozapine and Ziprasidone Effects on the Reactivity of Plasma Albumin SH-Group Are the Consequence of Their Different Binding Properties Dependent on Protein Fatty Acids Content. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2019, 311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108787

Supplementary material for: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009279719310257?via%3Dihub]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3333]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3865

Nutritional and sensorial aspects of wheat bread enriched with high-oleic sunflower seed

An investigation on the quality characteristics of wheat bread enriched with seeds of high-oleic sunflower is reported which included important parameters that affect its nutritional quality (chemical composition, fatty acid composition: saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, linoleic and linolenic acid, tocopherol content: α-, β-, γ-, δ-content of essential microelement selenium) and its sensory quality. The study also includes the assessment of a persistent pollutant, benzo[a]pyrene. The objective of the study was to determine and compare the concentrations of nutrients and contaminants of the control and enriched wheat bread in order to assess the benefits and potential risks of regular consumption of these products. It was found that bread enriched with seeds of high-oleic sunflower would significantly improve the daily intake of fat, fibre, selenium, α-tocopherol and linolenic acid. Regular consumption of a daily portion of such bread (300 g) would not incur significantly increased health risk from contaminant

Sustained paranoid psychosis in a patient with mast cell leukemia and decreased serotonin level

Antipsychotic drugs interfere with the antioxidant defense system provoking complex and often toxicological effects. Here we examined differences in plasma albumin reduced free thiol (SH) group content and its reactivity as a consequence of clozapine (CLZ) and ziprasidone (ZIP) binding. Chronic administration of CLZ reduced, whereas treatment with ZIP increased albumin-SH content in rats. Regardless of the ratio of stearic acid (SA) bound to protein, in vitro binding of ZIP to human serum albumin (HSA) increased both the SH group level and reactivity. In contrast, the effect of CLZ on HSA-SH reactivity was dependent on HSA to SA molar ratio. CLZ binding was accompanied by an increase in HSA-SH reactivity in samples with normal, but a reduction of its reactivity level with higher SA/HSA ratio, compared to drug-free samples. We demonstrate by steady-state fluorescence quenching studies that an increase in SA binding to HSA is associated with a significant reduction of binding constant for both antipsychotics. In addition, this is the first report of quantitative characterization of ZIP binding to HSA. Our findings suggest that albumin-SH content and reactivity is modulated by ZIP towards an increased antioxidant defense capacity in circulation, as opposed to CLZ, which can contribute to the safer, more effective treatment of schizophrenia.Supplementary material: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3335]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3865