Analysis of Nebivolol hydrochloride and Valsartan in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method

A simple, accurate and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for the estimation of Valsartan and Nebivolol hydrochloride simultaneously from a tablet dosage form. The method employed silica gel 60 F254 pre-coated plates as stationary phase and a mixture of Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Ammonia (6.5:2.5:0.5 %v/v/v) as mobile phase. Densitometric scanning was performed at 280 nm using a Camag TLC scanner 3. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 800ng/spot-2400ng/spot for Nebivolol hydrochloride and 200ng/spot-1000ng/spot for Valsartan. The Retention factor for Nebivolol hydrochloride is 0.75 ± 0.04 and is 0.27 ± 0.01 for Valsartan . The method was validated as per ICH Guidelines, proving its utility in estimation of Valsartan and Nebivolol hydrochloride in combined dosage form

Green Nano Actinobacteriology – An Interdisciplinary Study

Green nano actinobacteriology has been considered as a novel field of study in order to develop least expensive and highly qualitative strategies for production of eco-friendly beneficial products with diverse applications. The uniqueness of bioactive actinomycetes has turned the attention of scientists worldwide in order to explore its potentiality as effective “micronanofactories”. This chapter provides a brief overview of the synthesis, characterization, and application of actinobacterial nanoparticles with an added note to actinobacterial detoxification

DOCKING AGAINST NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION-STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS

Objective: Nosocomial infections are acquired by immuno-compromised patients in hospitals which seem to be the serious health problem in recent times. Staphylococcus epidermidis, the commensal bacterium inhabiting human skin emerges as the most common opportunistic nosocomial pathogen due to its ability to form biofilms on medical devices. Biofilm acts as a mask against attacks from an immune system which leads in difficulty to eradicate. Several research works have been going on to find out the effective drug against hospital acquired infections since these pathogens are resistant to several antibiotics like methicillin, penicillin and amoxicillin. Using docking tools, an attempt has been made to find out the most potential drug against the nosocomial pathogen - Staphylococcus epidermidis. Methods: Using mcule online docking server, several drugs like linezolid, ceftaroline, rastomycin, vancomycin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, allicin and gallic acid were selected to dock against epidermin decarboxylase (Staphylococcus epidermidis). Results: Ceftaroline showed the lowest docking energy of -10.2 Kcal/mol against the target protein of Staphylococcus epidermidis (Table 1 and Figure 1) followed by Linezolid, Allcin and Rastomycin. Conclusion: By comparing the docking scores against the selected target, ceftaroline could be suggested as potential drug against coagulase negative Staphylococcus epidermidis infection

Tribulus terrestris improves metronidazole-induced impaired fertility in the male mice

Introduction: Fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris (TT) bears aphrodisiac and antioxidative properties. Antimicrobial drug, metronidazole (MTZ) impairs the spermatogenic activity and fertility in males. Objective: Validation of the use of fruit extract of TT as a supplement against MTZ-induced fertility impairment in males.Methods: Adult Swiss strain male mice were administered with 500mg/kgBW/day of MTZ for 28 days. Low (100mg/kgBW/day) and high (200mg/kgBW/day) doses of TT were administered simultaneously with MTZ (500mg/kgBW/day) for same duration. All males were cohabited with virgin proestrus females. Vaginal plug formation was observed to calculate the libido index. Cohabited females were sacrificed on fifteenth day of gestation to dissect out the ovaries and uteri. Fertility index, quantal pregnancy, pre-implantation and post-implantation losses were calculated. Results: MTZ-treated males showed unaltered mating ability, however, the females impregnated by such males exhibited marked alterations in the fertility index, quantal pregnancy and pre- and post-implantation losses. Supplementation with low dose of TT failed to restore such reproductive toxicities exhibited by administration of MTZ. However, the altered reproductive toxicities were reinstated to control values following supplementation with high dose of TT. Conclusion: The fruit extract of TT may emerge as an effective herbal remedy, correcting the drug-induced fertility impairments in males.Keywords: Female mice, fertility, male mice, metronidazole, Tribulus terrestris. 

Effectiveness of mifepristone versus balloon catheter in induction of labour in women with previous caesarean sections: a randomised comparative study

Background: Termination of pregnancy is a stressful situation for the patient specially due to increasing trend of caesarean sections (CS) wherein due to risk of scar rupture a repeat caesarean is advocated by many practitioners. Especially in these cases vaginal delivery should be preferred over CS to avoid the added stress of a major surgery to the woman which increases the risk of scar rupture and adhesions in subsequent pregnancies. Hence the aim was to compare the safety and effectiveness of mifepristone versus balloon catheter in termination of pregnancy in women with previous CS.Methods: Prospective randomized comparative study was done at obstetrics and gynaecology department of Teerthankar Mahaveer medical college and research centre, Moradabad UP from January 2020 to July 2021. 60 subjects were randomised into 2 groups by the envelope method.Results: The mean bishops score at 36 hours was found to be 10.2±1.25 and 9.81±1.54 in groups M and B respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the bishops score of the two groups at 24 and 36 hours. Patients induced with mifepristone had significantly longer induction delivery, Induction augmentation and Induction-labour intervals. However, these patients ultimately had more number favourable outcomes in terms of vaginal delivery, although not statistically significant. Conclusions: Foleys insertion is an invasive and painful process and more uncomfortable for the patient. Mifepristone can safely be used in place of foleys catheter for induction of labour in patients with previous 1 CS

Cyber Crime Convention And Trans Border Criminality

Cyber Crime Convention And Trans Border Criminalit

Tribulus terrestris improves metronidazole-induced impaired fertility in the male mice

Introduction: Fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris (TT) bears aphrodisiac and antioxidative properties. Antimicrobial drug, metronidazole (MTZ) impairs the spermatogenic activity and fertility in males. Objective: Validation of the use of fruit extract of TT as a supplement against MTZ-induced fertility impairment in males. Methods: Adult Swiss strain male mice were administered with 500mg/kgBW/day of MTZ for 28 days. Low (100mg/kgBW/ day) and high (200mg/kgBW/day) doses of TT were administered simultaneously with MTZ (500mg/kgBW/day) for same duration. All males were cohabited with virgin proestrus females. Vaginal plug formation was observed to calculate the libido index. Cohabited females were sacrificed on fifteenth day of gestation to dissect out the ovaries and uteri. Fertility index, quantal pregnancy, pre-implantation and post-implantation losses were calculated. Results: MTZ-treated males showed unaltered mating ability, however, the females impregnated by such males exhibited marked alterations in the fertility index, quantal pregnancy and pre- and post-implantation losses. Supplementation with low dose of TT failed to restore such reproductive toxicities exhibited by administration of MTZ. However, the altered reproductive toxicities were reinstated to control values following supplementation with high dose of TT. Conclusion: The fruit extract of TT may emerge as an effective herbal remedy, correcting the drug-induced fertility impairments in males

Histopathological spectrum of neoplastic lesions of female reproductive system-a two-year experience in Eastern Nepal

Background: Neoplastic lesions of female reproductive system (FRS) consist majority of surgical cases. The aim of this study is to find out the frequency distribution of tumors occurring in FRS.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in Birat Medical College, situated in eastern Nepal. All formalin fixed surgical specimen of FRS from August 2015 to September 2017 were subjected for histopathology and examined under light microscopy. All neoplastic lesions were included, and non-neoplastic lesions were excluded from the study.Results: A total number of ninety (90) histopathological tissues representating various types of neoplastic lesion of FRS were studied. Out of which 6 (6.6%) tumors were from uterine cervix, (including 1 cervical leiomyoma and 5 squamous cell carcinoma cervix) 45(50%) tumors were from uterine body, (all leiomyoma) 20 (22.2%) tumors were from ovary (including 9 mature teratoma, 1 immature teratoma, 6 mucinous cystadenoma and 4 cases of serous cystadenoma) and 19 (21.2%) tumors were from breast (including 16 fibroadenoma, 1 lactational adenoma, 2 infiltrating ductal carcinoma and 1 comedo carcinoma). Majority 81(90%) were benign and 9 (10%) were malignant. Most common benign tumor was leiomyoma of uterine body and most common malignant tumor was squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix both commonly occurring in the age group of 41-50 years.Conclusions: Benign tumor, leiomyoma is the common tumor occurring in FRS. Carcinoma of the cervix is the common malignant tumor

Predicting risk and prognosis of preeclampsia by evaluating platelet indices

Background: Preeclampsia is an obstetric disorder affecting 2-8% pregnancies globally and 8-10% pregnancies in India. The study was conducted to evaluate platelet count, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width as potential predictor of preeclampsia. It also aimed to see if these platelet indices have a prognostic significance in determining the preeclampsia severity.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 120 pregnant women at 20 to 24 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancy. At monthly intervals CBC (complete blood count) was done from 20 to 24 weeks till delivery and 7 days after delivery. Data with increasing gestation were collected, analysed and expressed as mean, standard deviations and correlation coefficients.Results: We observed significant decrease in PC and increase in MPV and PDW in patients with preeclampsia compared to normotensive patients. We also observed that it was more significant in severe preeclampsia than non-severe preeclampsia. The r value of PC for normotensive, non-severe and severe preeclampsia was -0.58, -0.59 and -0.94 respectively. The r value of MPV for normotensive, non-severe and severe preeclampsia was 0.89, 0.97 and 0.98 respectively. The r value of PDW for normotensive, non-severe and severe preeclampsia was 0.98, 0.98 and 0.99 respectively.Conclusions: Patients with preeclampsia are more likely to have changes in PC, MPV and PDW, which can be observed in early pregnancy. Thus, estimation of PC, MPV and PDW can be considered as an early, simple and cost-effective procedure in the estimating the severity of preeclampsi