Els cementiris de Barcelona: canvis socials i urbanístics que van definir la seva configuració entre els anys 1714 i 1921

Aquest treball crea una imatge general de la història de la ciutat de Barcelona des de la seva fundació fins a dia d’avui, des del punt de vista dels recintes funeraris; i després identifica els moments clau d’aquesta història per a entendre la realitat actual de la ciutat envers els seus cementiris. A més, fa un estudi de casos per analitzar les relacions d'aquests espais amb la trama urbana actual de la ciutat i el paper que desenvolupen

Movilización temprana en el paciente crítico

Introducción. Las enfermedades críticas a menudo asociadas con el reposo en cama durante un largo periodo y la falta de actividad física, conducen a debilidad muscular generalizada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos La movilización temprana parece una herramienta útil en la prevención de la misma. Objetivo. Conocer la evidencia disponible sobre el beneficio de la movilización temprana en los pacientes en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos respecto a la fuerza muscular, función física y su aplicación práctica al trabajo del fisioterapeuta. Material y métodos. La revisión bibliográfica se realizó las bases de datos Pubmed, Biblioteca Cochrane, PeDRO y Scielo. Los términos de búsqueda se realizaron en inglés. Se incluyeron estudios clínicos desarrollados en pacientes adultos, mayores de 18 años, ingresados en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, con ventilación mecánica igual o superior a 48 horas, que recibieron tratamiento de fisioterapia, consistiendo ésta en movilización temprana y que en sus conclusiones se hiciera referencia a la función física o fuerza. Resultados. Se evaluaron 5 ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados y un estudio de cohorte prospectivo. La evidencia de los ensayos nos indica que la movilización temprana proporciona beneficios respecto la función física al alta hospitalaria y a los 6 meses. No existe evidencia de que un aumento de intensidad de la terapia temprana (mayor tiempo y ejercicios de resistencia), se corresponda con un aumento de fuerza. Conclusión. La movilización temprana en UCI produce beneficios al paciente respecto a la función física, un incremento de la intensidad de la terapia no reporta beneficios añadidos

Genre Pedagogy and Bilingual Graduate Students’ Academic Writing

Genre pedagogy plays an important role in helping graduate students to enter the discourse community of their fields. Although familiarity with research genres benefits graduate students, few studies have explored the influences of instruction on learners’ subsequent generic practices. In this study, we describe the genre-based approach used in a bilingual (English and Spanish) Applied Linguistics graduate course, which aimed to enhance students’ research genre awareness to allow them to be better able to confront their own work as investigators. The description of the course is followed by a study to determine if and how a research article discourse analysis task influenced the students’ academic writing in their own papers. Our research question was the following: To what extent can course instruction influence students’ academic writing? The study entails a survey to elicit students’ perspectives on the influence of the course and its tasks on their academic writing, as well as teachers’ comments on the students’ written work. Although learning to do research at the graduate level requires a broad range of competencies that go beyond genre awareness, the findings from the survey confirmed the positive effects of genre knowledge gains in accomplishing further research goals

Design of a RGB-Arduino device for monitoring copper recovery from PCBs

The mobile phone industry, one of the fastest advancing sectors in production over the last few decades, has been associated with a high e-waste generation rate. Simultaneously, a high demand for the production of new electronic equipment has led to the scarcity of certain metals. In this context, many recent studies have focused on recovering certain metals from e-waste through the use of bioprocesses. Such recovery processes are based on the action of microorganisms that produce Fe(III) as an oxidant, in order to leach the copper contained in printed circuit boards. During the oxidation-reduction reaction between Fe(III) and metallic Cu, the color of the solution evolves from an initial reddish color, due to Fe(III), to a bluish-green color, due to the oxidized Cu. In this work, a hardware-software prototype is developed, through which the concentrations of the key analytes—Fe(III) and Cu(II)—can be determined in real time by monitoring the color of the solution. This is achieved through the use of a non-invasive system, taking into account the aggressiveness of the solutions used for the bioprocessing of electronic components. In the work presented herein, the evolution of the solution color during the bioprocessing of two different types of waste (i.e., electric cable and mobile phones) is analyzed and then compared with the results obtained for pure metallic copper. The results are validated through comparison of the predicted results with the outcomes of conventional procedures, including offline sampling and analysis of Cu(II) and Fe(III) through atomic absorption and UV-VIS spectroscopy, respectively. The developed monitoring system allows an algorithm to be designed that can fit the evolution of analyte concentrations without the need for sampling or the use of complex, tedious, and expensive analytic techniques. It is also worth noting that the monitoring system is not in direct contact with the solution (which is highly aggressive for the processing of electronic equipment), making the system more durable than classic sensors that must be submerged in the solution. The real-time nature of the obtained information allows for the development of control actions and for corrective measures to be taken without affecting the biomass involved in the process.This work was supported by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación Project Ref PID2020-117520RA-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.Peer ReviewedObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::12 - Producció i Consum ResponsablesPostprint (published version

English as the medium of instruction: a response to internationalization

The status of English as a lingua franca has led European universities to implement the use of this language as a medium of instruction (EMI). This study presents an analysis of the status quo of EMI at the University of Alicante. It takes into account the institution`s language policy and the programs which offer subjects in English, as well as the challenges, needs and benefits of the professors and students. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected by means of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings of this needs analysis will help us to create an action plan that will include teacher and student training schemes to foster internationalization

Effectiveness of a Group-Based Progressive Strength Training in Primary Care to Improve the Recurrence of Low Back Pain Exacerbations and Function:A Randomised Trial

Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability and one of the most common reasons for physician visits in primary care, with a 33% rate of recurrence during the first year. However, the most optimal exercise program in this context remains unknown. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a group-based progressive strength training program in non-specific chronic LBP (CLBP) patients in primary care on pain recurrence and physical function. Eighty-five patients with non-specific CLBP were separated into two groups (Intervention group: completed a progressive strength training program 3 days per week for 8 weeks; Control group: received the usual care). The intervention group showed a recurrence rate of 8.3%, while the control group had a recurrence rate of 33.3% and a shorter time until the first recurrent episode. The intervention group showed increased lumbar extensor strength, left-hand handgrip strength, and reduced the number of pain sites compared with the control group. Results also showed greater odds for reducing LBP intensity and disability in the intervention group. In conclusion, a group-based progressive strength training program is a more effective and efficient alternative than Back-School programs and can easily be carried out in the primary health care context

Sociodemographic risk factors related to low birth weight

Introducción: el bajo peso al nacer trae consigo un aumento de la morbilidad y la mortalidad del recién nacido, por lo que se hace necesario identificar los grupos de riesgo. Objetivo: identificar los factores sociodemográficos presentes en las gestantes que aportaron recién nacidos bajo peso en el Policlínico “30 de noviembre” durante el año 2016. Método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva de las 26 gestantes que tributaron recién nacidos con peso inferior a 2 500gr en el período de enero a diciembre del año 2016 en el Policlínico “30 de noviembre”. Resultados: predominaron el grupo etáreo de 20 a 34 años (53,8%), sin antecedentes de bajo peso (84,6%), las nulíparas (65,4%), el nivel educacional secundario (65,4%), las madres solteras (57,7%), las amas de casa (42,2%), las enfermedades asociadas -anemia (73%), infección vaginal (61,5%) y enfermedad hipertensiva gravídica (53,8%)-, la edad gestacional al parto entre 32 y 36,6 semanas (42,3%), el peso entre 2 000 y 2 499gr (65,4%) y el bajo peso para la edad gestacional (65,4%). Conclusiones: los factores sociodemográficos que influyeron en los nacimientos bajo peso fueron el nivel escolar secundario, ser estudiantes o amas de casa, solteras, nulíparas y con enfermedades asociadas como anemia, infección vaginal y enfermedad hipertensiva gravídica. Se encontró que predominó el sexo masculino, el parto eutócico y los nacimientos pretérmino con bajo peso para su edad gestacional.Introduction: low birth weight is linked to an increase in the morbidity and mortality of the newborn, so it is necessary to identify the risk groups. Objective: to identify the sociodemographic factors present in pregnant women who gave birth to underweight newborns in the 30 de Noviembre Polyclinic during 2016. Method: a descriptive investigation was conducted in the 26 pregnant women who gave birth to newborns weighing less than 2 500 g, from January to December 2016 in the 30 de Noviembre Polyclinic. Results: the age group from 20 to 34 years (53.8%) predominated, with no history of low weight (84.6%), nulliparous (65.4%), with secondary education level (65.4%), single mothers (57.7%), housewives (42.2%), with associated diseases – anemia (73%), vaginal infection (61.5%) and hypertensive disease of pregnancy (53.8%) – , with a gestational age at birth between 32 and 36.6 weeks (42.3%), weight between 2 000 and 2 499gr (65.4%) and low weight for gestational age (65.4%). Conclusions: the sociodemographic factors that influenced underweight births were the secondary school level, being students or housewives, single, nulliparous and with associated diseases such as anemia, vaginal infection and hypertensive disease of pregnancy. It was found that there was a prevalence of male sex, eutocic delivery and preterm births with low weight for their gestational age