La influencia de los animales en pacientes crónicos

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Enfermería (Zamora). Curso académico 2018-2019[ES]Introducción: Los animales como terapia llevan utilizándose desde la antigüedad estando siempre presentes, creándose el término “Pet-therapy” tras ver la interacción positiva entre estos y un niño autista. Más tarde, se empiezan a crear asociaciones que permiten englobar los diferentes tipos de terapias asistidas con animales (TAA). El perro, a pesar de precisar un pre-contacto, produce beneficios en todas las dimensiones de la persona, considerándose un importante catalizador de emociones y precursor de la salud, siendo importante aunar los conocimientos existentes en este campo y promover el papel de Enfermería. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica con metodología sistemática en las principales bases de datos científicas. Concretamente se ha centrado la búsqueda en tres animales, caballos, perros y gatos, y en patologías crónicas tales como cáncer, depresión y ansiedad. Resultados: El ámbito de actuación de estas terapias en España es muy variable y va en aumento, utilizándose desde centros sanitarios hasta penitenciarios. El perro es el animal más utilizado seguido del caballo y el gato observándose que producen similares beneficios en el área terapéutica, fisiológica y psicológica. Discusión: Se ha demostrado que los animales son un protector cardiovascular y un elemento motivacional y preventivo de muchas enfermedades psicológicas. Con una buena higiene, el riesgo de infección existente desaparecería al mínimo convirtiéndose únicamente en una interacción de provecho mutua. Conclusiones: Los animales son un agente que actúa holísticamente en todas las dimensiones de la persona, otorgando a Enfermería la opción de promover la adquisición de un animal de compañía en pacientes crónicos. Palabras clave: TAA, perros, hipoterapia, gatos, enfermedades crónicas, Enfermería

Is “Self-Experience” Really a Transdiagnostic Concept? Preliminary Evidence in Favor of the Transdiagnostic Conception of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy

The authors would like to thank the University of Almeria's Contextual Therapies training program for the suggestions about the content of this article and financial support.Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) offers a radically behavioral and transdiagnostic conception of the formation of the “self” and the appearance of a diversity of psychological problems. This study examined the extent to which a wide variety of psychological disorders (somatization, obsessive–compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility/aggressiveness, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism) and a global index of psychopathological severity may in fact be linked to problems of the “self” according to the FAP conception. Two questionnaires, one related to self-experience according to FAP and the other to find the scores on several different psychopathology scales, were administered to 280 adult Spaniards for this purpose. The results confirmed the transdiagnostic nature of the “self”-experience. There are significant and strong correlations between all the psychopathology scales studied and self-experience. Linear regression analyses also show that, along with age and gender, in some cases, the score on self-experience predicts each and every one of the psychopathological variables studied, in addition to the Global Severity Index. These results are discussed and related to the transdiagnostic approach to psychopathology.University of Almeria's Contextual Therapies training progra

SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for the systemic treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (2022)

Colorectal cancer; Metastatic disease; Systemic treatmentCàncer colorectal; Malaltia metastàtica; Tractament sistèmicCáncer colorrectal; Enfermedad metastásica; Tratamiento sistémicoColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Spain. Metastatic disease is present in 15–30% of patients at diagnosis and up to 20–50% of those with initially localized disease eventually develop metastases. Recent scientific knowledge acknowledges that this is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease. As treatment options increase, prognosis for individuals with metastatic disease has steadily improved over recent decades. Disease management should be discussed among experienced, multidisciplinary teams to select the most appropriate systemic treatment (chemotherapy and targeted agents) and to integrate surgical or ablative procedures, when indicated. Clinical presentation, tumor sidedness, molecular profile, disease extension, comorbidities, and patient preferences are key factors when designing a customized treatment plan. These guidelines seek to provide succinct recommendations for managing metastatic CRC

iNGS: a prototype tool for genome interpretation and annotation

Currently, clinical interpretation of whole-genome NGS genetic findings are very low-throughput because of a lack of computational tools/software. The current bottleneck of whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing projects is in structured data management and sophisticated computational analysis of experimental data. In this work, we have started designing a platform for integrating, in a first step, existing analysis tools and adding annotations from public databases to the findings of these tools. This platform can be used to produce tools for different kind of users. As a first experiment with this platform, we have developed a Web tools for running multiple analysis tasks, completing the findings with public data and producing a simple report similar to blood test reports.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. The Project Grant (TIN2011-25840) (Spanish Ministry of Education and Science) and P11-TIC-7529 (Innovation, Science and Enterprise Ministry of the regional government of the Junta de Andalucía)

Encapsulation of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Pruning Waste Particles by Supercritical CO2 Technology

Olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) contain a multitude of bioactive compounds such as sterols, carotenes, triterpenic alcohols and phenolic compounds. These compounds have been shown to exhibit antiviral, antioxidant, candida-growth-inhibitory, anticancer, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. In this sense, submicron particles from olive leaves with antioxidant activity were precipitated by supercritical antisolvent extraction in a previous work. Moreover, encapsulation enables the delayed release of compounds and avoids the first-step effect in medical therapies. Therefore, this work focused on encapsulation of particles with a certain antioxidant capacity from olive pruning waste using supercritical technology. A variety of experiments were carried out to test how the different operating variables (pressure, temperature and extract–polymer ratio) affect. Morphology was analyzed by SEM microscopy, obtaining encapsulates between 1 and 5 microns in size. The antioxidant capacity was determined by the DPPH assay, with most of the encapsulates having AAI values between 0.5 and 1 (moderate antioxidant capacity). An increase in polyphenol content was observed in the 1:3 ratio tests. The release of the compounds in gastric simulated medium was retarded by the polymeric encapsulation, while in intestinal fluid, the solubility was improved compared to the unencapsulated particles. Overall, the supercritical encapsulation process for the natural extract of olive pruning residues has proven to be effective in obtaining antioxidant particles with different release profiles

Non-Invasive Study of the Pigments of a Painting on Copper with the Inscription “Boceto di Pablo Veronese” on the Back

The palette used on a small painting on copper support, with the inscription “Boceto di Pablo Veronese” on the back, was characterized. Non-invasive techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and hand-held X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were proven to be highly effective for this. The objectives of the proposed work were twofold. On the one hand, the objective was the study, in situ, of the pigments of a painting on a copper support. On the other hand, it was to enrich the literature related to the study of paintings on metal supports, since few related studies are available despite the relatively large number of such 16th and 17th century paintings from Italy and Northern Europe. The results of the analysis showed a copper support with a base layer of gypsum mixed with ochre earths. Atop this layer is a sketch with lead white in the lighter areas and bone black in the darker shadow areas, suggesting that the artist performed a preliminary study of the luminosity of the scene. Finally, the upper or pictorial layer consists of a mix of pigments with some lead white to lower saturation and increase lightness, particularly evident in the flesh tones. The resulting palette thus includes lead white, vermilion, bone black, Naples yellow, and lazurite pigments. These results are compared to Veronese’s other paintings, as well as to those of certain contemporary artists, and the use of the resulting pigments in 16th and 17th century Italian painting techniques is discussedProject FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento/A-HUM-164-UGR18Research group FQM-338Analytical Techniques Unit EQC2018-004952-

SWOT Analysis Applied to Wheat Straw Utilization as a Biofuel in Mexico

Wheat is one of the main crops worldwide with a production of 733 million of tons by 2015. By 2013, the wheat grain production in Mexico was 3,357,307 t. Wheat straw is generated as a biomass waste once the wheat is harvested. However, the agricultural biomass waste has acquired international relevance as a source of bioenergy. The utilization of bioenergy has significant environmental benefits, and also economic benefits because the biomass waste is valorized as biofuel. The use of wheat straw as raw material for any productive process presents diverse factors that must be considered. Among those factors are the low density of biomass, handling and high transportation cost, an attractive heating value, and the physicochemical characterization. Therefore, the aim of this work was to apply the SWOT analysis to wheat straw utilization as a biofuel in Mexico. The main findings highlighted an estimation of 4,612,950.23 t of wheat straw generated. The experimental results of proximate analysis were 64.42% volatile matter, 19.49% fixed carbon and 16.09% ash. The higher heating was 14.86 MJ/kg. An energy potential of 69 PJ per agricultural cycle was calculated, equivalent to 19% of the biomass energy share reported in Mexico’s National Energy Balance, by 2014

Characterization of the evolution of indigo blue by multispectral imaging

FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento, Grant/Award Number: A-HUM-164-UGR18; Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain, Grant/Award Number: DPI2015-64571-R; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Grant/Award Number: Ramon y Cajal program; Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; Junta de Andalucia; FEDER (European Regional Development Fund).Indigo blue is a natural organic color from the Indigofera tinctoria plant. It is insoluble in water and does not require mordant to fix the color; therefore, due to its nature it can be considered as a pigment or dye. The identification of indigo in cultural heritage is very difficult due to the complexity of its chemical formula and the changes that it can undergo in certain conservation and exposition conditions. For this reason, characterization of possible degradation, transformation, and reaction processes is essential for its identification. In this study, multispectral imaging has been used for the first time as noninvasive technique to characterize the aging state of indigo blue using samples aged in a controlled climate chamber under extreme conditions of humidity, temperature, and light. The technique has proven to be very promising for this application, together with classification techniques based on machine learning approaches.FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento A-HUM-164-UGR18Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain DPI2015-64571-RSpanish Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessMinistry of Economy and CompetitivenessJunta de AndaluciaEuropean Commissio

Algoritmo Evolutivo Multi-Objectivo para la Toma de Decisiones Interactiva en Optimización Dinámica

Debido al creciente interés en el análisis de datos en streaming en entornos Big Data para la toma de decisiones, cada vez es más común la aparición de problemas de optimización dinámica que involucran dos o más objetivos en conflicto. Sin embargo, los enfoques que combinan optimización dinámica multi-objetivo con la articulación de preferencias para la toma de decisiones son todavía escasos. En este artículo, proponemos un nuevo algoritmo de optimización dinámica multi-objetivo llamado InDM2, que permite incorporar preferencias del experto (humano) de cara a la toma de decisiones para guiar el proceso de búsqueda. Con InDM2, el decisor no solo puede expresar sus preferencias mediante uno o más puntos de referencia (que definen la la región de interés deseada), sino que estos puntos también se pueden modificar de manera interactiva. La propuesta incorpora métodos para mostrar gráficamente las diferentes aproximaciones de la región de interés obtenidas durante el proceso de optimización. El decisor puede así inspeccionar y cambiar, en tiempo de optimización, la región de interés de acuerdo con la información mostrada. Las principales características de InDM2 son descritas y se analiza su funcionamiento mediante casos de uso académicos.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech