Gravidez na adolescência e o acesso às Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação na Amazônia

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o acesso à informação, através da posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios e a gravidez na adolescência, tomando por referência os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira em relação ao Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, baseado em dados obtidos do Censo Demográfico de pessoas e domicílios, realizado no Brasil no ano de 2010, pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Resultados: Para os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira com os menores percentuais de domicílios com posse de computador com Internet ( 4,49%), a probabilidade de apresentar os maiores percentuais de gravidez na adolescência (≥ 9,39%) é de 0,723 enquanto para os demais municípios do Brasil é de 0,23. O fenômeno da gravidez na adolescência apresentou associação com espaço de referência (Brasil, Amazônia) e com a posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios. Conclusões: Os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira apresentam elevados índices de ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência em relação aos demais municípios do Brasil. A ocorrência desse fenômeno, associada com a baixa infraestrutura de acesso à Internet, revela as desiguais condições que gestores e profissionais de saúde podem encontrar para executar projetos que utilizem as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação.Objectives: To analyze the association between access to information, measured by the possession of a computer with Internet connection in households, and teenage pregnancy, taking as reference the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon compared to the rest of Brazil. Methods: Ecological study based on data collected from the Demographic Census of persons and households, carried out in Brazil in 2010, by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). Results: For the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon with the lowest percentages of households with computer with Internet access ( 4.49%), the probability of presenting the highest percentages of teenage pregnancy (≥ 9.39%) is 0.723, while for the others municipalities of Brazil, this probability is 0.23. The phenomenon of teenage pregnancy presented association with the space of reference (Brazil, Amazon) and with the ownership of computer with Internet access in the households. Conclusions: The municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon present high rates of teenage pregnancy compared to the others municipalities of Brazil. Associated to the poor infrastructure of Internet access, the occurrence of this phenomenon reveals the unequal conditions that managers and health professionals can find to execute projects that rely on Information and Communications Technologies

Resposta à flexão e análise de tenacidade de argamassas reforçadas com fibra de Curauá

O desenvolvimento e comercialização de materiais compósitos produzidos a partir de fibras naturais são considerados extremamente importante, uma vez que essas fibras reduzirão a dependência dos materiais produzidos com recursos não renováveis. Dentre essas fibras naturais destaca-se a fibra do curauá, sua utilização na produção de compósitos melhora de forma notável as propriedades do conjunto fibra matriz, logo o presente artigo objetiva estudar as propriedades mecânicas de compósitos reforçados com fibra de curauá, em especial sua resistência à flexão e tenacidade. Para isso foram confeccionadas cinco famílias de argamassas, uma de referência sem utilização da fibra e as outras quatro reforçada com fibra variando o comprimento da fibra e sua fração volumétrica. Verificou-se que a fibra do curauá ao ser adicionada em matriz cimentícia melhora suas propriedades mecânicas comparada a um compósito não reforçado com fibra, sua deformação, resistência à flexão e tenacidade são melhoradas

Teenage pregnancy and access to Information and Communications Technologies in the Amazon

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o acesso à informação, através da posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios e a gravidez na adolescência, tomando por referência os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira em relação ao Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, baseado em dados obtidos do Censo Demográfico de pessoas e domicílios, realizado no Brasil no ano de 2010, pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Resultados: Para os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira com os menores percentuais de domicílios com posse de computador com Internet (< 4,49%), a probabilidade de apresentar os maiores percentuais de gravidez na adolescência (≥ 9,39%) é de 0,723 enquanto para os demais municípios do Brasil é de 0,23. O fenômeno da gravidez na adolescência apresentou associação com espaço de referência (Brasil, Amazônia) e com a posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios. Conclusões: Os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira apresentam elevados índices de ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência em relação aos demais municípios do Brasil. A ocorrência desse fenômeno, associada com a baixa infraestrutura de acesso à Internet, revela as desiguais condições que gestores e profissionais de saúde podem encontrar para executar projetos que utilizem as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação.Objectives: To analyze the association between access to information, measured by the possession of a computer with Internet connection in households, and teenage pregnancy, taking as reference the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon compared to the rest of Brazil. Methods: Ecological study based on data collected from the Demographic Census of persons and households, carried out in Brazil in 2010, by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). Results: For the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon with the lowest percentages of households with computer with Internet access (< 4.49%), the probability of presenting the highest percentages of teenage pregnancy (≥ 9.39%) is 0.723, while for the others municipalities of Brazil, this probability is 0.23. The phenomenon of teenage pregnancy presented association with the space of reference (Brazil, Amazon) and with the ownership of computer with Internet access in the households. Conclusions: The municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon present high rates of teenage pregnancy compared to the others municipalities of Brazil. Associated to the poor infrastructure of Internet access, the occurrence of this phenomenon reveals the unequal conditions that managers and health professionals can find to execute projects that rely on Information and Communications Technologies

ABC-SPH risk score for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients : development, external validation and comparison with other available scores

The majority of available scores to assess mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the emergency department have high risk of bias. Therefore, this cohort aimed to develop and validate a score at hospital admission for predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients and to compare this score with other existing ones. Consecutive patients (≥ 18 years) with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the participating hospitals were included. Logistic regression analysis was performed to develop a prediction model for in-hospital mortality, based on the 3978 patients admitted between March-July, 2020. The model was validated in the 1054 patients admitted during August-September, as well as in an external cohort of 474 Spanish patients. Median (25-75th percentile) age of the model-derivation cohort was 60 (48-72) years, and in-hospital mortality was 20.3%. The validation cohorts had similar age distribution and in-hospital mortality. Seven significant variables were included in the risk score: age, blood urea nitrogen, number of comorbidities, C-reactive protein, SpO/FiO ratio, platelet count, and heart rate. The model had high discriminatory value (AUROC 0.844, 95% CI 0.829-0.859), which was confirmed in the Brazilian (0.859 [95% CI 0.833-0.885]) and Spanish (0.894 [95% CI 0.870-0.919]) validation cohorts, and displayed better discrimination ability than other existing scores. It is implemented in a freely available online risk calculator (https://abc2sph.com/). An easy-to-use rapid scoring system based on characteristics of COVID-19 patients commonly available at hospital presentation was designed and validated for early stratification of in-hospital mortality risk of patients with COVID-19

ABC₂-SPH risk score for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients

Objectives: The majority of available scores to assess mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the emergency department have high risk of bias. Therefore, this cohort aimed to develop and validate a score at hospital admission for predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients and to compare this score with other existing ones. Methods: Consecutive patients (≥ 18 years) with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the participating hospitals were included. Logistic regression analysis was performed to develop a prediction model for in-hospital mortality, based on the 3978 patients admitted between March–July, 2020. The model was validated in the 1054 patients admitted during August–September, as well as in an external cohort of 474 Spanish patients. Results: Median (25–75th percentile) age of the model-derivation cohort was 60 (48–72) years, and in-hospital mortality was 20.3%. The validation cohorts had similar age distribution and in-hospital mortality. Seven significant variables were included in the risk score: age, blood urea nitrogen, number of comorbidities, C-reactive protein, SpO2/FiO2 ratio, platelet count, and heart rate. The model had high discriminatory value (AUROC 0.844, 95% CI 0.829–0.859), which was confirmed in the Brazilian (0.859 [95% CI 0.833–0.885]) and Spanish (0.894 [95% CI 0.870–0.919]) validation cohorts, and displayed better discrimination ability than other existing scores. It is implemented in a freely available online risk calculator (https://abc2sph.com/). Conclusions: An easy-to-use rapid scoring system based on characteristics of COVID-19 patients commonly available at hospital presentation was designed and validated for early stratification of in-hospital mortality risk of patients with COVID-19.</p