Is Changing the Voice of English Sentences Accompanied with any Changes in Their Tenses?

Languages provide their speakers with a variety of constructions that help them communicate effectively and efficiently. Two out of these constructions are active and passive forms. Some languages as Persian believe that an active sentence is usually preferable to a passive sentence because an active one is shorter, stronger and more direct. While some other languages as English believe that passive voice is used more frequently because it is a regular feature in formal especially scientific written texts. Based on what was mentioned above it is concluded that in order to have a fluent text, changing the voices in the process of translation is a must. The purposes of this study were to: a) study the change of voice in the process of translating from English to Persian, and b) see whether or not the change of voice was accompanied by a change in tense. To achieve these goals, 309 passive clauses and sentences from the book “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen in (2012) and their Persian translations produced by Rezaye in (2012) entitled: "Ghoror va Ta'asob" were selected. The analysis of the collected data indicated that 94% percent of English passive sentences were translated into active voices in Persian language. The results also showed that change of voice is accompanied by change of tense

Is Changing the Voice of English Sentences Accompanied with any Changes in Their Tenses?

Languages provide their speakers with a variety of constructions that help them communicate effectively and efficiently. Two out of these constructions are active and passive forms. Some languages as Persian believe that an active sentence is usually preferable to a passive sentence because an active one is shorter, stronger and more direct. While some other languages as English believe that passive voice is used more frequently because it is a regular feature in formal especially scientific written texts. Based on what was mentioned above it is concluded that in order to have a fluent text, changing the voices in the process of translation is a must. The purposes of this study were to: a) study the change of voice in the process of translating from English to Persian, and b) see whether or not the change of voice was accompanied by a change in tense. To achieve these goals, 309 passive clauses and sentences from the book “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen in (2012) and their Persian translations produced by Rezaye in (2012) entitled: "Ghoror va Ta'asob" were selected. The analysis of the collected data indicated that 94% percent of English passive sentences were translated into active voices in Persian language. The results also showed that change of voice is accompanied by change of tense

Regular Exercise Training as a Principal Non-Pharmacological Method Affects Serum Leptin and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men with Metabolic Syndrome

Background and Aim: Regular exercise training is the principal non-pharmacological method for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome or other obesity-related diseases. We investigated the effects of aerobic training on leptin and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged men with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Twenty-six sedentary middle-aged males with metabolic syndrome aged 40 ± 5 years were randomly assigned to two groups as exercise (aerobic training, n =13) and control (no training, n =13). The exercise programs were performed 3 days a week for 10 weeks at 55-75% of HRmax. Fasting blood samples were taken before and after the training period for measuring serum leptin and triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL, and HDL as cardiovascular risk factors. Results: No significant differences were observed between groups concerning anthropometric and clinical markers at baseline (p>0.05). Aerobic intervention resulted in significant decrease in anthropometric markers (abdominal circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage; p < 0.05), serum leptin (p = 0.026), TG (p = 0.001) and HDL (p = 0.032) in exercise group, but significant changes were not found in TC (p = 0.522) and LDL (p = 0.546). There were no changes in all measured variables in the control group. Conclusion: Based on our finding, it seems that regular aerobic exercise is associated with improved serum leptin and cardiovascular function in patients with metabolic syndrome. *Corresponding Author: Mojtaba Eizadi; Email: [email protected] Please cite this article as: Naseri Rad R, Eizadi M. Regular Exercise Training as a Principal Non-Pharmacological Method Affects Serum Leptin and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men with Metabolic Syndrome. Arch Med Lab Sci. 2020;6:1-8 (e1). https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v6.3164

Job Satisfaction and its Related Factors in Healthcare Staff of Sabzevar Hospitals in 2015

Background: Job satisfaction is an important variable in the area of organizational behavior. Job dissatisfaction leads to low-quality services provided in treatment centers by healthcare workers and ultimately leads to patients' dissatisfaction. The aim of this study was to determine the job satisfaction of medical staff and its related factors in Sabzevar hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 230 healthcare workers of educational hospitals of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 2015 using simple random sampling. Data were collected using demographic and Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire. Job satisfaction was assessed in six areas and five levels. Using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson and Spearman Correlation Coefficient and Chi-square test) data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Results: The mean (SD) of the overall satisfaction score was 34.88±10.2. The results in six areas showed that the lowest and highest job satisfaction were in financial facilities and welfare (14.85%) and professional social status (54.97%). There was a significant relation between gender and work experience and job satisfaction (P<0.001). Conclusion: Given the low satisfaction of hospital staff, hospital managers must improve management and communication methods and optimize fair payment systems in order to improve the situation of hospital staff. Besides, considering demographic and job factors, they should periodically evaluate the personnel’s satisfaction to determine the effectiveness of interventions. Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Personnel, Hospita

Educational Challenges in Emergency Medicine Technician: A Qualitative Research

Background & Objective: Since fewer educational problems lead to improvement in educational quality and eventually student performance in the delivery of emergency medical services at the client's bedside; this study was conducted to evaluate the educational problems of emergency medical students. Methods: This study used qualitative conventional content analysis. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews. Sixteen participants including 12 new graduate paramedic in associate degree and 4 instructors by purposeful sampling in Khorasan province, Iran, were selected. Data analysis was conducted by content analysis. Results: After data analysis, three themes have emerged including the lack of appropriate teaching methods, theory and practice gaps, and curriculum reform. Conclusion: According to the results, educational problems in paramedic education were inappropriate teaching approaches, not applying classroom content in practice scene and incomplete curriculum. Therefore, paramedic educational leadership must try to solve these problems until paramedics can provide high quality services to community. Keywords Educational challenges Paramedic Education Emergency medicin

A Step Toward Resolving Spatiotemporal Distribution of Suspended Sediment Concentration Using Remote Sensing

It is critical to study Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) to improve our understanding of the impacts of wildfires, climate, and anthropogenic on the riverine environments. The processes that contribute to SSC occur over a range of spatiotemporal scales making it difficult to continuously measure and monitor. Traditional methods (e.g., field measurement) require significant resources and often lack the spatial and temporal resolution that is needed for important yet smaller-scale systems like streams. In this study, we create an open-source and low-cost method to estimate SSC using remotely sensed data. Our study aims to elucidate if a machine learning (ML) model is capable of estimating SSC from multispectral imagery using a dataset collected in the laboratory. Another objective is to determine which ML model most accurately estimates SSC. Our methods involve testing and comparing two Machine Learning (ML) models: Random Forest and Linear Regression. Preliminary results indicate that the Random Forest model has the capability of extracting the SSC signal from the imagery and providing superb agreement between experimental and ML-generated data (R2=0.99). Further, our results from the Linear Regression model indicate that the relationship between multispectral imagery and SSC is non-linear and requires a more robust ML model (low correlation of R2= -.71). Continuing work will compare these results with other ML models to develop a cross-validated method for widespread usage in SSC detection. This study contributes to a larger framework, and with a validated model we will be able to quantify the effects of SSC on the entire Snake and Columbia River system. Implications of this research include improving our understanding of SSC and detection methods that augment existing methodologies as tools for stakeholders, government agencies, land managers, and citizen scientists

Electronic Customer Relationship Management: Opportunities and Challenges of Digital World

Management information systems (MIS) considerably changed business processes. According to this, Electronic customer relationship management (ECRM) emerged in conjunction with evolution of traditional customer relationship management in e-business contexts. In an analogy, Electronic customer relationship management is similar to a double-edged sword i.e. it provides some opportunities for the system performers, on one side; and challenges the firms, on the other side. In this paper we are seeking for marketing opportunities such as better communication and interactions with customers as well as created choices regarding any customer data storage that ECRM offered as a potential source to benefit from firms’ competitive advantages. On the other hand, it studies the challenges including on-line channel management as well as integrating data and issues related to information technology architecture firms encounter in implementing ECRM

Biosynthesis of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles by Halomonas elongata IBRC-M 10214 in different conditions of medium

Introduction: In the recent years, green synthesis is a novel method without some disadvantages of physical and chemical methods. In this approach, bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, and plants may be applied without utilizing toxic and expensive materials for metal nanoparticles (MNPs) preparation. Methods: In this study, we used Taguchi method to obtain optimum conditions in titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticle (NPs) biosynthesis by Halomonas elongata IBRC-M 10214. Design and analysis of Taguchi experiments (an orthogonal assay and analysis of variance [ANOVA]) carried out by the Qualitek-4 software. Effects of TiO(OH)2, incubation temperature, and culturing time for synthesis of TiO2 NPs as well as ZnCl2 concentration, glucose concentration, and incubation temperature for preperation of ZnO NPs were evaluated as the controllable factors with 3 levels. Characterization of TiO2 and ZnO NPs were determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. Also, the antimicrobial properties of these NPs were investigated based on agar diffusion assay of NPs dispersed in batch cultures using Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Results: It was evaluated that TiO2 and ZnO NPs had respectively average diameter sizes of 104.63±27.75 and 18.11±8.93 nm with spherical shapes. In contrast to the TiO2 NPs without antibacterial activity, the ZnO NPs had antibacterial effects at 0.1 and 0.01 M of (ZnCl2). Conclusion: The ZnO NPs have the antibacterial effect that can be operative in the medicinal aspect for fighting against prominent MDR bacteria such as E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 43300. In total, this study presents simple method in biosynthesis of TiO2 and ZnO NPs with low expense, eco-friendly, and high productivity properties