On a mathematical model for tissue regeneration

We propose a PDE-ODE model for tissue regeneration, obtained by parabolic upscaling from kinetic transport equations written for the mesoscopic densities of mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes which evolve in an artificial scaffold impregnated with hyaluron. Due to the simple chosen turning kernels, the effective equations obtained on the macroscopic level are of the usual reaction-diffusion-taxis type. We prove global existence of solutions to the coupled macroscopic system and perform a stability and bifurcation analysis, which shows that the observed patterns are driven by taxis. Numerical simulations illustrate the model behavior for various tactic sensitivities and initial conditions

Embryonal prostatic rhabdomyosarcomas disguised presentation in an adolescent male: a case report

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is a malignancy primarily of pediatric age group with most cases seen during infancy and childhood. Majority present with urinary symptoms but the case we report here presented at 16 years of age and had unusually nonspecific and temporally protracted nature of symptoms prior to the presentation. This remarkable unusualness lead to a delay in presentation and contributed to an eventually unfavorable outcome

Cross Diffusion Induced Turing Patterns in a Tritrophic Food Chain Model with Crowley-Martin Functional Response

Diffusion has long been known to induce pattern formation in predator prey systems. For certain prey-predator interaction systems, self diffusion conditions ceases to induce patterns, i.e., a non-constant positive solution does not exist, as seen from the literature. We investigate the effect of cross diffusion on the pattern formation in a tritrophic food chain model. In the formulated model, the prey interacts with the mid level predator in accordance with Holling Type II functional response and the mid and top level predator interact via Crowley-Martin functional response. We prove that the stationary uniform solution of the system is stable in the presence of diffusion when cross diffusion is absent. However, this solution is unstable in the presence of both self diffusion and cross diffusion. Using a priori analysis, we show the existence of a inhomogeneous steady state. We prove that no non-constant positive solution exists in the presence of diffusion under certain conditions, i.e., no pattern formation occurs. However, pattern formation is induced by cross diffusion because of the existence of non-constant positive solution, which is proven analytically as well as numerically. We performed extensive numerical simulations to understand Turing pattern formation for different values of self and cross diffusivity coefficients of the top level predator to validate our results. We obtained a wide range of Turing patterns induced by cross diffusion in the top population, including floral, labyrinth, hot spots, pentagonal and hexagonal Turing patterns

Growth and Yield of Rice as Influenced by Nitrogen and Water Management Approaches

Achieving sustainability of the rice production in the irrigated areas in eastern India in general and Odisha in particular, under progressive climate change and variability, necessitates adoption of practices and technologies that increase food production, adaptation and mitigation in a feasible way. A field experiment was carried out for two consecutive years during 2020-21 and 2021-22 with kharif rice in the research farm of OUAT, Bhubaneswar. The experiment was conducted in a strip plot design having four each of water and nitrogen management approaches replicated four times. All the growth attributes like plant height, tillers/hill, LAI and dry matter production were superior under 3DADPW and INM treatments in water and nitrogen management approaches, respectively. Rotational irrigation 3 DADPW in rice resulted in higher grain yield (5.28 t/ha) followed by soil saturation. Similarly, INM practices comprising of Green manuring + 75% STBNR produced higher grain yield (5.45 t/ha) as compared to other N-management options and was closely followed by STBNR

mHealth intervention "ImTeCHO" to improve delivery of maternal, neonatal, and child care services-A cluster-randomized trial in tribal areas of Gujarat, India.

BackgroundThe coverage of community-based maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) services remains low, especially in hard-to-reach areas. We evaluated the effectiveness of a mobile-phone-and web-based application, Innovative Mobile-phone Technology for Community Health Operations (ImTeCHO), as a job aid to the government's Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Primary Health Center (PHC) staff to improve coverage of MNCH services in rural tribal communities of Gujarat, India.Methods and findingsThis open cluster-randomized trial was conducted in 22 PHCs in six tribal blocks of Bharuch and Narmada districts in India. The ImTeCHO mobile-phone-and web-based application included various technology-based job aids to facilitate scheduling of home visits, screening for complications, counseling during home visits, and supportive supervision by PHC staff. Primary outcome indicators were a composite index calculated based on coverage of important MNCH services and coverage of at least two home visitations by ASHA within the first week of birth. Primary analysis was intention to treat (ITT). Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) was used to account for clustering. Eleven PHCs each were randomly allocated to the intervention (280 ASHAs, population: 234,134) and control (281 ASHAs, population: 242,809) arms. The intervention was implemented from February, 2016 to January, 2017. At the end of the implementation, 6,493 mothers were surveyed. Most of the surveyed women were tribal (5,571, 85.8%), and reported having a government-issued certificate for living below poverty line (4,916, 75.7%). The coverage of at least two home visits within first week of birth was 32.4% in the intervention clusters compared to 22.9% in the control clusters (adjusted effect size 10.2 [95% CI: 6.4, 14.0], p ConclusionsIn this study, we found that use of ImTeCHO mobile- and web-based application as a job aid by government ASHAs and PHC staff improved coverage and quality of MNCH services in hard-to-reach areas. Supportive supervision, change management, and timely resolution of technology-related issues were critical implementation considerations to ensure adherence to the intervention.Trial registrationStudy was registered at the Clinical Trial Registry of India (www.ctri.nic.in). Trial number: CTRI/2015/06/005847. The trial was registered (prospective) on 3 June, 2015. First enrollment was done on 26 August, 2015

Effect of Climate Smart Nitrogen and Water Management Approaches on Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn

A field experiment was carried out for two consecutive years during 2020-21 and 2021-22 in the research farm of OUAT, Bhubaneswar. The experiment was conducted in a strip plot design having four each of climate smart water and nutrient management approaches replicated four times. All the growth attributes like plant height, LAI, dry matter production as well as the yield attributing characters were superior under EFI with mulch and INM treatments in water and nitrogen management approaches, respectively. Optimal irrigation practice i.e. each furrow irrigation (EFI) with mulch in sweet corn resulted in higher cob yield (27.64 t/ha) followed by EFI alone. Similarly, INM practices comprising of 75% STBNR + 25% N through FYM produced higher cob yield (30.91 t/ha) as compared to other N-management options and was closely followed by STBNR