“It’s just a lot they are asking from us”: College Athlete Experiences of Division III to Division II Reclassification

The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of college athletes who were directly impacted by their institution’s pursuit of gaining membership to a different NCAA division (i.e., divisional reclassification). More specifically, this study sought to understand specific changes that accompany the Division III to Division II transition, which include: 1) divisional philosophy, 2) financial aid, 3) level of competition, 4) athletically related activities, and 5) academic standards. Conceptually, this study was guided by the stress appraisal and coping process. The Brief COPE inventory of coping responses was applied as a framework from which to understand how college athletes coped with the financial, athletic, and academic changes to the college athlete experience. Research participants were Division III college athletes who reclassified with their athletic program to become Division II college athletes, and who participated in semi-structured interviews that allowed for rich descriptions of their experiences through the reclassification process to be captured. Findings suggest that reclassification was a relative stressor meaning that the process was perceived as stressful by some but not all the reclassifying college athletes interviewed. In coping with the relative stresses, college athletes demonstrated a greater tendency to engage in emotion-focused coping, which included the venting of emotional distress. More specialist support services are proposed to encourage more problem-focused coping responses among affected college athletes

The Effect of School Based Nursing on Health Related Outcomes in Children: A Review of Literature

Background: School nursing staff deal with acute, chronic, screening, and education issues in the school based clinic. It is the school nursing staff’s role to provide care and treatment to children during school hours. Purpose: Conduct a systematic review of the literature comparing disposition outcomes of children seen by school nursing staff to answer the PICO question: How does implementation of school based nursing affect health related outcomes in children within and outside the school environment? Methods: Integrative literature review Description of Evidence: Twenty research articles chosen from the database CINAHL, articles published within past nine years Critical Appraisal: The articles cited present limitations of small sample sizes, narrow populations, all being found using one database, and not specifying the level of expertise for the school nurse. However, the methods used by the evidence collected were reliable and valid. These methods included surveys and descriptive methods such as journals and interviews from the school nurse. Synthesis: The articles support the provision of school based nursing positively impact the health outcomes for children in school. The limitations create an opportunity for future studies. Recommendations: Future studies should examine whether levels of education and licensure of the school nurse affect health outcomes

Presentations from the Workshop on Data Collection in Organic Agriculture, held at the 17th IFOAM Organic World Congress

At this workshop the following papers were presented and discussed * Data collection on organic agriculture world-wide Status of collection activities, tools developed. Helga Willer, FiBL * Collection of data on the domestic market: Case Study Japan. Heinz Kuhlmann, BioFach Japan * Collection of data on the domestic market: Case study Australia. Alexandra Mitchell, University of Armidale Australia * Data collection on organic agriculture in Asia. Current status. Ong Kung Wai, IFOAM World Boar

Development of scenarios for land cover, population density, impervious cover, and conservation in New Hampshire, 2010–2100

Future changes in ecosystem services will depend heavily on changes in land cover and land use, which, in turn, are shaped by human activities. Given the challenges of predicting long-term changes in human behaviors and activities, scenarios provide a framework for simulating the long-term consequences of land-cover change on ecosystem function. As input for process-based models of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem function, we developed scenarios for land cover, population density, and impervious cover for the state of New Hampshire for 2020–2100. Key drivers of change were identified through information gathered from six sources: historical trends, existing plans relating to New Hampshire’s land-cover future, surveys, existing population scenarios, key informant interviews with diverse stakeholders, and input from subject-matter experts. Scenarios were developed in parallel with information gathering, with details added iteratively as new questions emerged. The final scenarios span a continuum from spatially dispersed development with a low value placed on ecosystem services (Backyard Amenities) to concentrated development with a high value placed on ecosystem services (the Community Amenities family). The Community family includes two population scenarios (Large Community and Small Community), to be combined with two scenarios for land cover (Protection of Wildlands and Promotion of Local Food), producing combinations that bring the total number of scenarios to six. Between Backyard Amenities and Community Amenities is a scenario based on linear extrapolations of current trends (Linear Trends). Custom models were used to simulate decadal change in land cover, population density, and impervious cover. We present raster maps and proportion of impervious cover for HUC10 watersheds under each scenario and discuss the trade-offs of our translation and modeling approach within the context of contemporary scenario projects

Feasibility study of early outpatient review and early cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery: mixed-methods research design-a study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Following cardiac surgery, patients currently attend an outpatient review 6 weeks after hospital discharge, where recovery is assessed and suitability to commence cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is determined. CR is then started from 8 weeks. Following a median sternotomy, cardiac surgery patients are required to refrain from upper body exercises, lifting of heavy objects and other strenuous activities for 12 weeks. A delay in starting CR can prolong the recovery process, increase dependence on family/carers and can cause frustration. However, current guidelines for activity and exercise after median sternotomy have been described as restrictive, anecdotal and increasingly at odds with modern clinical guidance for CR. This study aims to examine the feasibility of bringing forward outpatient review and starting CR earlier. METHODS AND ANALYSES: This is a multicentre, randomised controlled, open feasibility trial comparing postoperative outpatient review 6 weeks after hospital discharge, followed by CR commencement from 8 weeks (control arm) versus, postoperative outpatient review 3 weeks after hospital discharge, followed by commencement of CR from 4 weeks (intervention arm). The study aims to recruit 100 eligible patients, aged 18-80 years who have undergone elective or urgent cardiac surgery involving a full median sternotomy, over a 7-month period across two centres. Feasibility will be measured by consent, recruitment, retention rates and attendance at appointments and CR sessions. Qualitative interviews with trial participants and staff will explore issues around study processes and acceptability of the intervention and the findings integrated with the feasibility trial outcomes to inform the design of a future full-scale randomised controlled trial. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was granted by East Midlands-Derby Research Ethics Committee on 10 January 2019. The findings will be presented at relevant conferences disseminated via peer-reviewed research publications, and to relevant stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN80441309

Access in Local History Collections in the Town of Chapel Hill

This study describes the access issues and organizational practices of three local history organizations in Chapel Hill North Carolina, each of which covers a different sector of Chapel Hill history. The goal of the interview was to determine how they provide access, who uses the resources, and trends that exist in the area of access in local history organizations. The interviews reveal that the organizations are looking for ways to increase access to and public awareness of their collections. The organizations also expressed interest in using technology to digitize materials and provide digital access to materials and catalogs.Master of Science in Library Scienc

Gaze and attention : mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of optokinetic stimulation in spatial neglect

This work was supported by an award from the Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund at the University of St Andrews, grant code 204821/Z/16/Z (DB).Left smooth pursuit eye movement training in response to large-field visual motion (optokinetic stimulation) has become a promising rehabilitation method in left spatial inattention or neglect. The mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect, however, remain unknown. During optokinetic stimulation, there is an error in visual localization ahead of the line of sight. This could indicate a change in the brain’s estimate of one’s own direction of gaze. We hypothesized that optokinetic stimulation changes the brain’s estimate of gaze. Because this estimate is critical for coding the locus of attention in the visual space relative to the body and across sensory modalities, its change might underlie the change in spatial attention. Here, we report that in healthy participants optokinetic stimulation causes not only a directional bias in the proprioceptive signal from the extraocular muscles, but also a corresponding shift of the locus of attention. Both changes outlasted the period of stimulation. This result forms a step in investigating a causal link between the adaptation in the sensorimotor gaze signals and the recovery in spatial neglect.Peer reviewe